USRE132E - Improvement in barrel machinery - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES` yPATENT OEEICE.l

WILLIAM TRAPP, JE., 0E ITHACA, NEW YORK.`

IMPROVEMENT IN BARREL MACHINERY.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4,218, dated October 1, 1845; Reissue No. 132, dated l I March 10, 1849.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LVILLIAM TRAPP, Jr., late of Dryden, but now of Ithaca, in the county of Tompkins and State of New York, and a citizen of the United States, have invented new and useful improvements for the manufacture of barrels of every size and description, as well as of other bilge or bulge work; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an isometrical perspective view of all the machinery employed in the manuL facture of the barrel or other bilge work. Fig. 2 is the concave bed swing -frame for bilging the staves. Fig. 3 represents a front and edge view of the crozing-tool, stock, and changeable face-plate. Fig. 4 is a front or face view of the tool for turning off the outside ofthe cask after it is placed in the Inachine for turning. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the ways, slide-rest,-&c for supporting and moving the last-mentioned tool in a direction to conform with` the bilge of the barrel or other work. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of the same. Fig. 8 is `a side view of the chamferingtool inverted. Fig. 9 is a side view of the howeling-tool.

Similar letters in t-he several figures refer to corresponding parts.

The frame A is made of sufcient capacity and strength to contain and support the several parts to ,be hereinafter described. After the staves have been sprung or bent and secured in the swing-frame a, Figs. 1 and 2, hereinafter more particularly described, and edged and jointed while in kthe swing-frame, they are then set up in the form of the barrel or other bilge work, and placed between two circular metallic heads, ff, attached to a mandrel, e, and secu red to said heads by points projecting therefrom entering the ends of the staves, or secured in place by ashallow flange turned on said heads, fitting tightly around the ends of the staves. The mandrel is then placed in its bearings, as shown at D in Fig. 1, and is revolved by a band, R, leading from a pulley, H, on a shaft, S2, to a pulley, J, on the mandrel, motion being given to the shaft S2 by a band, M, leading from a drum, z, un-

der the table, or from a pulley under the same. In front of the cask thus connected with the mandrel are arranged two parallel bars, g g,

sliding rest, k, to travel on, being firmly joinedr together at each end and bolted to the frame at one end by a single bolt, W2, Fig. 6, on which lthey -move or slide, and resting on ways or rails W. Between these bars is arranged a screw, h, resting in boxes secured to the pieces connecting the extremities of the bars g g together, and turned by a band, i, leading from a pulley, T, on the mandrel e to a pulley, U, on the end of the screw h. A slide-rest, k, is placed between thesek bars g g, resting on the edges of the same,which is moved past the barrel over said bars by means of a divided nut, X, Fig. 7, resting on the screw, of the ordinary construction, and arranged so as to be detached therefrom at the will of the operator. Upon the slide-rest are erected two vertical standards, k' k2, with a cap-piece, K, at the top having an oblong opening'formed in it for the insertion of a tool and stock, L, between the said standards, the handle L4 of said` tool extending up through the said opening in the cap K for the operator to lay hold of, and the lower end .having an opening in it into which is inserted a pin, P, projecting from theupper surface of the sliderest k, upon which the tool rests and turns. This tool has its inner face represented at l Z l2, Figs. 4 and 7, in which is inserted a cutter, Z', the face of which extends nearly the full distance across the` face of the stock at right angles to the Shanks Z3, Fig. 7, which Shanks are inclined upward and fitted into recesses in the sides of the stock, and keyed fast by wedge` keys for holding the tool or cutter rmly in its i proper position. Immediately above this cutter there is a gage or movable face-plate, Il, that is kept close to the edge of the cutterl, so as to`form the throat of the tool and gage the thickness of the shaving to be taken off. The continuous shaving taken off by the said cutter is ofthe form of a parallelogram in its cross-section about one-third its width, the middle third being in the form of a thin wedge, the remaining third being prevented from touching the barrel; or, in` other words, the cutter, as it moves along from one end of the Figs. 1, 6, and 7', that serve as ways for a barrel to the opposite end while the barrel revolves, is made to take a rank cut at the forward corner, and a thin feather-edge cut in the middle, and perform no cutting on the rear corner, thus causing the outer surface of the barrel to cut perfectly smooth. This form of' chip or shaving taking from the surface of the barrel by the aforesaid straight-edged cutter is produced by the peculiar form of the face of the facep1ate,which is filed away to a uniform depth one-third its width, as at Z5, Fig. 4, to produce the rank cut, the middle third being filed away in a sloping manner to produce the tapered portion of the shaving, as at l, FigA. The pin I, on which the tool-stock L rests, holds the lower end of the stock in the required position, and allows` the upper part, L, to turn and move toward or from the barrel, being guided by the slit in the cap K. By this means the tool can be guided and humored to t-he unequalities of the barrel, when it is not properly arranged in relation to the center between the heads of the mandrel, thus cutting the staves to one uniform thickness. To move the slide-rest k out as it approaches the bil ge of the barrel, l attach a pattern, m, thereto, having a curved slit, n, therein, into which a pin, N, (represented by dotted lines in Fig. 6,) on the under side of the righthand cross-bar, g", of the ways or bars g enters, and as this pattern m slides along with the rest k the ends of the ways g next the pattern m are carried out and in, following the work,

their movements corresponding with the bilge of the barrel. This pin N is shown by dotted lines at N in Fig. 6. It has an anti-friction roller on it for reducing the friction between the rubbing-surfaces of the slit n. ,There is a similar pin, N, on the under side of the rest k, on which there is also an anti-friction rolll er, for traveling along the curved slit n ofthe pattern m, for guiding the tool, as represented at N2 in Fig. 7 and by dotted lines in Fig. Curved ways corresponding to the curve or bilge of the barrel are sometimes used for the slide-rest and tool to slidelupon in dressing off the outside of t-he barrel. After the barrel I (as set up) has been turned off on the outside, as described, it is transferred to ahollow cylinder7 E, turning in collars Q, attached to the bench, one at each end of the barrel, and is secured firmly therein by two ring-chucks, O, made to fit the taper of the barrel, and inserted in the ends of the cylinder'E, between it and the cask I', one of said ring-chucks being fixed stationary at one end of the cylinder, and the other formed to slide in and out between the cylinder and barrel. The barrel is placed in the cylinder E with its ends projecting beyond it, and the ringchucks O are forced between it and the inner periphery of the cylinder, holding it firmly in its position. It is then put in motion by drum, bands, and pulleys, or by any-convenient means.

The ring or chuck O in` Fi g. 1, above named,

is divided on one side, and has two staples, 02, driven into its end on opposite sides, for drawing it out when required. By being thus divided it can be driven in tight, and made to bind equally on the cylinder and barrel. The barrel may be used instead, and in place of the cylinder and for it, by fitting the ring-chucks to revolve within the collars Q Q. The tools for howeling and chamfering are then applied. These tools are shown at F and G, and the one for chamfering' consists of a straight bar, p, having a foot or rest, q, projecting from it at right angles at one end, at which end the cutter r is affixed. This tool is applied as represented at F, Fig. l, the knife being in contact with the chine of the barrel, and the foot q, resting on the bench, serving to hold the tool in a firm posit-ion during the operation, being also prevented from moving laterally by a hook, S, fastened to a standard in the bench,y

and brought down over the inner end. The outer end of the barp is gradually raised during the operation, causing the knife to lower and cut the chinetill said outer end of the bar p comes in contact with a projection formed ona hinged gage-bar7 t, attached to the bench, which regulates the-depth of the cut. The blade is shaped so as to form a curved cutter, with a straight shank inserted into the handle p and then secured by screws or other proper fastenings. Both edges are made sharp, so as to work at both ends of the barrel, and

are above the upper surface of the handle, as

represented in Figs. l and 8. In Fig. S the tool is represented in an inverted position when chamfering the barrel. howeling also consists of a straight bar, p2, Fig. 9, serving as its handle, and a projection or foot, p, Fig. 9, serving as a rest or support for the tool during the operation of howeling, made in a similar manner to those of the chamfering tool. The blade r2 has two cuttingedges and a straight shank to be inserted into the handle, but its cutting-edges are below the upper surface of the handle, as represented at r2 in Fig. 9, so as to be in a proper position for performing the required operation of howeling the barrel without the necessity of changing the apparatus s tfor holding and gaging the tool, as described. The crozingtool V, for cut-ting the croze, is formed in the usual manner, except in the particular of' constructing the stock ua, so that the face-plate can be changed from one side to the other, so as to make the crozing-tool work at either end of the barrel. For this purpose the stock is made alike on both faces, as represented at u, Fig. 3, having dovetailed grooves u cut into it to admit corresponding dovetailed ribs, u, formed on the face-plate w, by which construction the erozing-tool can be applied at either end of the barrel by simply turning the stock or the face-plate.

The nature of my most important improvement consists in the employment of the apparatus for springing and holding the stave in aA The tool for l and'is employed to bend mortises in the girt or beam af.

frame having a concave bed, and swinging the same on a center or turning axle distant from the concave bed equal to the semi-diameter of the barrel which the stavesare intended to form, and in the same plane with the revo ving circular sawv which cuts off thev edge of the staves, the swing-frame with concave b ed and follower swinging in the arc of a circ e to either side of the saw, for the purpose ot' cutting both edges ot' t-he staves in succession, however wide or narrow they may be, at the same bevel corresponding with the radial li nes drawn from the center on which the frame swings, or from the center of the barrel,which is of the same radius as that of the aforesaid concave bed, said swing-frame being also used to joint the staves successively on both edges after they shall have been listed or edged by the rotary circular saw.

The concave bed a, Fig. 2, of the swingframe, into which the sta-ve is sprung and secured, is made to conform to the required bilg'e of the barrel to be made. Above this concave bed a4 is arranged a `follower or platen, a, of

, the same curve on the under side as the bed a. This follower is made to slide up and down between the bed a4 and thegirt a3 or beam,

hold it in the concave bed, said follower being held down by an eccentric lever, (1.2, turning on a pin, a, inserted into the girt or beam a, arranged above thefollower. The follower a is guided in its up and down movements by two parallel sliding guide bars, a", secured firmly in the follower and moving' lotsely in To the upper ends of these bars a are attached springs a', resting upon the beams, for the purpose of raising the follower and holding it up out of the way while removing and introducing staves to the bed. The bed a* and beam a are mortised and tenoned into two parallel end timbers, which are extended above the beam to receive the center rod or axis, l, on which the, frame a swings. The beam a"i is braced by two inclined braces for resisting the spring of the stave. An eccentric, a, is connected to the middle of the beam a:i by a round pin, a, on which it turns, for holding down the fol` lower. A metallic plate, a5, is secured to the middle of the top ofthe follower, against which the eccentric turns, are placed while springing in the stave to the concave bed. The center metallic rod or axis, 1, is made with a screw at each end to receive nuts a, which are screwed firmly against lthe j end timbers of the swingframe, to form a tie and to resist the thrust ofthe braces. This swing-frame, however, may be made in any convenient way with either a concave or a convex bed. It is placed on a platform, b, attached to the bench, while springing in the stave, with its lowcrbar orbed-piece, a4, rest ing on the said platform b, on each side of which is a vertical sliding rod, C, with a hook, c, formed on the upper end (one of said rods down the stave and and over which thehooksc2k for opening ias being jointed, so as to let the swing-frame a in and out) below the platform b. joined together by across-piece,and connected with a treadle, d, below. The short arm oi' the treadle has an anti-friction roller' on it, instead of a stationary fulcrum, which, as the treadle descends, isforced forward down an inclined plane or a curved way. (Shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.) This arrangement gives great leverage and facility of operation. When the swing-frame is placed form b, and a stave put into it under the follower a, the hooks c`z are closed over the edges of a plate, forced downward, and the eccentric a2 is then turned so as to hold it in that position. After it is edged andjointed itis again brought under the hooks c2 and pressed down till the eccentric is loosened, and the stave is then taken out and replaced by another. The center rod lor axis,1, on which the iframe a swings, forms l[he center of the barrel or cask to be made. It is the same distance from the stave that the semisdiameter ofthe cask will be. This axis No. l rests in standards No. 2 in the apparatus B, Fig. l, which are attached to a carriage, 3, which slides past a circular saw, 4, behind which there is a stationary wedge, b, the kerf. This saw edges the bent stave on a radial line from the axis, after which the swing-frameis removed to astraight jointer, C, Fig. 1, the centerrod or axis, l, thereof resting in guides 5 on the sides of said jointer on a level with its face. The swingframe is laid down first on one side and then on the otherto joint the two edges of the stave. This operation will joint the two edges of the stave in straight lines, with the required bilge and bevel to form the barrel. j

XVhat l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the slide-rest Zc,guided in the. manner set forth, with the tool L, for turning olf the cask, constructed and arranged in the manner set forth.

2. The apparatus for chamfering andv howcling and crozing`that is to say, the combination of the cylinder E, open at both ends, so that both ends of the cask can be worked off without eha-nging,with the ring-chucks O, for fastening the cask into the cylinder, and with the tools, as herein described, for chamfering and howeling. i

3. The crozing-tool V,with the changeable faceplate w, as herein set forth.

4. The combination of the stock Z, cutter Z', adjustable and gage plate Z2, constituting the tool for turning and smoothing the outside of the cask, as above described,and represented in Fig. 4. 1

5. The peculiar construction of the tool for howelin g the cask,as above deseribed,and representedat Fig. 9.

6. The peculiar construction of the tool for chamfering the ends of the cask, .as above described, and represented in Fig. 8.

The rods are on the plata5, placed upon said follower, and

.jointer be constructed, arranged, and oper- 7. The mode of edging and jointing biigeated in the manner herein set forth, or in any Steves for making barrels and other bilgeo her mode or manner that may be substan- Work, by the employment of a swing-frame tially the same and by which analogous rehaving a concave or convex bed in or against suits shall be produced.

which the stave is sprung and eecurcd to the In testimony whereof I havehereunto signed required bilge, in combination with the remy name before two subscribing witnesses.

volving edging-saw and reciprocating straight T jointer, or either,whether the said swing-frame V M' TRAPP JR' forconfning the stave in it-s bent position and Vitnesses:

conveying it to the edging saw and straight- NVM. P. ELLIOT,

| A. E. H. JOHNSON.

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