US4267A - Machine for dressing staves - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN MINER AND SILAS MERRICK, OF FALLSTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR DRESSING STAVES.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

T 0 all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, JOHN MINER and SILAs Mannion, of Fallston, in the county of Beaver and State of-Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Construction, Combination, and Application of Machinery for Manufacturing Casks, Barrels, Kegs, &c.; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

Figure 3 is a top view of the machine for chamfering the ends, crossing and cutting the staves to the required length; also a top view of the machine for jointing the staves. Also a top view of the machine for cutting heading (not claimed). Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the part of the machine used for chamfe-ring the ends, crossing and cutting the staves to the required length and at a single operation: and the machine for jointing the staves. Fig. 5 is a sect-ion represent-ing the connecting rod L cam K, post M, double crank e, &c. Fig. 6 is a section sho-wing the arm C2 crossing tools, &c. Fig. 7 is a section showing bar V and posts 7i, z., z.. Fig. 9 is a transverse section showing lthe curved levers N, inclined axles 3. Fig. 10 end of the reel or planing machine of whicha top view is shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of the bed piece C3. Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing one of vertical flanges J5 to which the box is attached-also one of the cast iron frames Jt--part of gallows frame It, lever N4 one of the posts P3, spring catch Q3, inclined plane O, &c.

The planing machine, F ig. 3 The planing machine is att-ached to a strong frame of suitable size, strength, and material, said frame being used in common for the cross ing and jointing machines, Sac., hereafter described. Two way bearers B B Fig. 3 are firmly attached horizontally and parallel with each other, below the top of the main frame. Two cast or wrought iron parallel ways C C turned or dressed true, and of equal size, are placed or secured by flanches, in such a manner as to project entirely within and above the upper inside corner of the ways B B. The plane D is made of cast iron, abo-ut one foot in length hollow or concave of proper curve, and sulicient width to plane the entire outside of the stave.

4,267, dated November 12, 184:5.

It is rmly secured (edge of the bit upward) to a carriage E made of hard wood and nicely fitted to slide on the ways C C. On the opposite side of the main frame A is placed a strong iro-n shaft F secured to the main frame in boxes having on one end a large balance wheel G in which is a wrist G3 firmly secured to receive one end of a pitman H; the outer end of said pitman being attached to the aforesaid plane carriage E. On the outer end of the shaft F is a large cog wheel I which gears into a small pinion J on main shaft Z. On the shaft F and between the cog wheel I and balance wheel G is placed a cam K see Figs. 3 and 5 a connecting rod L passing through a mortise in a post M Fig. 5, attached to main frame and near the cam K the other end extending forward parallel with the pitman H', is attached to the lower end of the double crank e Fig. 5, which is secured by bo-xes to the under side of the way bearer B the crank on outside of way bearer being horizontal, and the one on the inside being perpendicular, or at right angles with each other. On the wrist of the horizontal crank is a perpendicular pitman f Fig. 5 extending upward through a mortise for support the top of said pitvman f coming against the under side of the carriage, or frame, N, containing the reel P which is made of two cast iron heads with lanches P`1 projecting inward a suitable distance on which to bolt firmly four bed pieces P P P P whereon the staves are placed for planing. The diameter and length of reel P should be the same as the diameter and height of the cask, barrel, or keg to be constructed. Grudgeons or pins are placed in or cast on the centers of the heads to form a bearing on which the reel revolves, secured by boxes to the frame N andplaced cent-ral above the plane D. On the outer end of the bed pieces P are rmly secured sto-ps Q Q the endsbeing turned inward and projecting above the bed pieces, suflicient to hold the stave. are placedtsprings R R t-he top being formed the same (as described for the other end) and all being sharp and cross filed so as to form teeth to hold the stave securely by the strength of the spring. Two posts Zx Z3 Fig. 10, are secured near the outer end of and fixed to the way bearer, the caps of which extending horizontally to the frame A Iare of suitable heights to form a base .On the back end or bed for the carriage or frame N to rest on. A cross bar Z4 Fig. 10 is bolted to the posts Z3 Z3 in such a position that the forward end of the reel P will be against a block or projection h2 on said cross bar Z2, when in labor, to receive and resist the force of the cut.

On one edge of the bed pieces P and near each end, are guides or stays P2 to put the edge of the staves against parallel with the bed pieces. The frame or carriage N is attached on one side to the said horizontal cap of the post Za by means of butt or other hinges. The other side being so constructed that the cam K and double crank e before described, will raise the frame and reel so as to clear the plane when receding, and again let the weight on the plane when required for labor.

Mamie/f of' using this madrina-Motion being given to the machine, with the hands place the edge of the stave against the guides or stays, press the end against the spring R the other end coming in against the stop Q the spring and stop holding the stave to its position, turn the reel P and perform the same operation with the rest,`

removing t-he.planed stave and replacing another, when the machine is in motion, the plane carriage moving back and forth hori` Zontally and longitudinally and the knife taking off a shaving from the convex side of the stave at each movement of the carriage.

Figs. 3, 4, 6, 7, show the machine for chamfering the ends crossing and cutting the staves to required length. This machine is attached to and supported by the main frame, on the same side with the planing machine. It consists first of two cast iron head blocks A2 A2 of suiiicient height and strength, and distance from each other (parallel and at right angles with the main frame) to receive in a nicely fitted box, at the top, the extreme ends of a strong iron shaft B2lat a proper distance from each end of said shaft, to give the length of stave required, and between the head blocks A2 A2 are secured by means of keys or wedges two strong cast iron arms C2 C2 projecting from the shaft B2 a distance equal to half the diameter of the cask, barrel or keg to be constructed. The extreme ends of said arms C2 C2 are to be so fitted and prepared as to receive a cutter or bit D2 D2 (projecting forward of the arms a suiiicient distance to prevent clogging) for chamfering or beveling the ends of the staves. Also crossing tools B2 B2 Figs. 4;, 6 of the usual form passing through a mortise in the back part of the arms C2 which arm or projection extends below the back end of the cutter or bit D2, before described, and is secured by means of a screw, or wedge so as to be easily taken out, and again replaced with precision for the purpose of sharpening. Also sharp points or knives g2 for cutting the stave to the desired length are secured in the same manner, and portion of the arm with the crossing tools before described.

Springs F2 F2 are attached to t-he arms also, and so constructed as to catch the stave after it is completed, and carry it back, off of the bed pieces, when it drops to the floor below through an aperture left for that purpose in the main frame. A guide G2 is also attached to the shaft B2 or arms C2 C2 projecting downward and 4forward of the arms a suitable distance to .put the end of the stave against,while passing it into its proper place on the bed pieces H2 H21H2. Near one end of the shaft B2 and projecting fromit is an arm I2 firmly attached'to and pro-H jecting back from said shaft and at right angles to the arms C2 C2, to lwhich is attached a pitman J2, perpendicularly, the lower end being attached to the crank K2 on theinner end of the shaft M2 placed below the top ormain frame. A cog wheel L2 of as large size as will freely run is firmly secured on the shaft M2. Immediately back of and parallel with said shaft, is a shaft N2 having on one end a small pinion O2 and on the other a pulley or drum F2 which receives motion from a pulley Q2 on themain shaft a, which is placed near the opposite side of the frame, and running parallel with the shaft M2, and N2. A tightening pulley R Fig. 4 of the usual form and construction is attached to the main frame, under the belt passing from the main shaft e', to the shaft N2. The design is to give the main shaft 160 motions and the crank shaft 20 pel.1 minute.

On the crank shaft M2 and opposite the center of the shaft B2 is placed a cam S2 a double forked perpendicular pitman T passing down on each side of cam S2. The cam working between the forks and also passing down on each side of crank shaft M2, for the purpose of keeping the pitman in its proper position. The top end of the pitman which extends above the main frame, is attached by a working joint to a crooked lever u, which extends forward toward the shaft B2 and at right angles tothe same. The lever u being attached in a working position to a fulcrum 2 attached to the main frame, about the center thereof transversely, the forward end of said lever from the fulcrum being raised by bending it upward and then over` in a half-circle as at u2 to admit the stave to pass back of the bed pieces. On the forward or` bent end of the lever u and u2 is firmly fixed a cross bar e Figs. 3, 4, 7 directly under and parallel with the shaft B2. Three posts Il. Fig. 7 being attached perpendicularly to the cross bar o. The lower end being so formed as to fit the circle required, and the center posts being enough longer than the end posts to give the bulge required for a cask, barrel, or keg. The whole forming a jack or lever by which the stave is held in the same position it would if placed in a Cask, barrel etc. when being chamfered crossed and cut to proper length. The bed pieces H2 H2 H2 Fig. 3 are firmly secured to the main frame in a proper position, the second one being immediately under the posts and the outside ones far enough apart to admit the point which cuts off the end of the stave to pass close by its side and the cutters or bits D2 D2 for chamfering on top, directly over and parallel with them, they being a hollow segment of a circle corresponding to that of the stave, with an offset to hold the stave from being forced out by the operation of the machine.

Manner of using the machina- Pressing down the lever of the tightening pulley, causes the shaft a to move the crank shaft M2, the cam S2 operates on the forked perpendicular pitman, which raises the back end of the lever U pressing the jack V firmly upon the stave, at the same time the cutters on the arms C2 C2 move forward across the stave performing their oliice, the springs F2 yielding and slipping over the stave and dropping down below the same the cam s2 having passed half around and come to the short radius, the jack is raised and the springs F2 catch and carry the stave back (with the retrogade motion of the arms) o' of the bed pieces H2 at the same time the operator passing a stave in, alternately with each motion of the machine, on the curved bed pieces H2.

Mach/ne for joz'ntz'ng stares with circular saws, Figs. 3, 4, .9.-This machine consists of two cast iron ways A3 A3 (connected by two or three cross-ties at equal distances from each other, with the edges upward, and firmly fastened to the main frame by bolts on the opposite side to the crossing machine and on the same end of the main frame. The top edge .of one way being dressed in form of a V so as to receive one side of the carriage B3 and cause it to move with accuracy. The carriage B3 is of cast iron of sufficient length for the stave required, and nicely fitted to the ways A3. A

bed piece of hard wood c3 of the length and width of stave required, the top being made the shape of the inside of the stave when occupying its position in the barrel) and is firmly secured to the carriage B3 by screws o-r otherwise. On the forward end is a hook D3 the same width and curve of the bed piece with the top end turned inward so as to form a lip or flanch projecting above the surface of the bed piece sufficiently to receive one end of the stave. At the back end are two posts E4 E3 secured to the car riage B3 and extending upward a suitable distance to receive the lever F3 having a 'quarter circle cam formed on its fulcrum end, the surface o-r edge of which is concave, that is to say transversely the segment of a circle equal to the diameter of the cask, barrel, keg, &c., to be const-ructed the power bee ing applied at right angles tothe fulcrum F 2 for pressing the stave down upon the bed piece C3. A strongcast iron gallows head block I4 bolted to, and at right anglesV With the ways A3-the cross beams, to which is firmly secured by bolts, three fourths of a strong cast iron rectangular frame J4 J", having flanches J3 projecting outward and upward, on, and at right angles with, the

open end, so as to form a basis or support on which is secured by means of bolts (and movable at pleasure) boXes vl nicely fitted to receive the bearing of the circular saw shafts K3 K3 o-n which the saws are secured in the usual way as close to the inner shoulder of shaft as may be. The shaft should. be a trilie short between the shoulders to permit ift to move slightly endwise and the bearings long enough to protrude themselves through the boXes slightly at each end of the shaft, the whole being so construct-ed that the plane of the saws will correspond with the desired bevel of the edge of the stave.

= The frames J4 containing the saws are connected at the inside boxes by means of a cross bar L3 Fig. 9. A perpendicular steel wedge M4 Fig. 9 with a mortise lin the upper end and secured to the cross bar L3 by a bolt M5 which passes through the oblong mortise therein and -movable at pleasure,

passes down between the ends of the saw center p of hardened steel on the perpen.

dicular portion thereof in a range with the saw shaft, etc., and on the top of the side pieces of carriage B3, atzthe forward end thereof, are inclined planes o 0 secured by bolts, and in a range with the sides of the carriage B3 and with the insides of the posts P3 P3 Fig. 4c; which posts have an open mortise in top of each sufficient in height and size to receive the horizontal part of the levers N, N3. These posts P3 are firmly secured to the main frame, in a vertical position. On each side of the ways A3 under the levers NtN4 on each po-st is a spring catch Q3 Figs. t and 9 so constructed as to hold the levers l 3 N4 in their position when raised by the inclined planes or arms O O. A stop Q1 is fastened to each side of the back end of the carriage B3 so as to force the spring catch from its position, and cause the levers N4 N4 to drop when the carriage has passed through and the stave has been completed.

The design of the levers Ni thus caused to drop is to let the saws recede from the stave while the carriage is being drawn back, and again force the shafts together against the steel wedge M4 by means of the inclined plane O, before labor. On the frame and back from the saws are two posts R3 R3 of suitable height and distance from each other for the carriage to pass between. On the top ofrwhich is a shaft S3 with the pulleys T3 T3 for driving the saws and one smaller driving pulley U3 receiving a belt from the main shaft.

Mode of using this machina-A driving belt being put upon the driving pulley U3 gives motion to the machine. The end of the stave is then put under the hook D3 at the forward end of bed piece C3 with hollow side down and edge against the guide G5 and the rear end against thev guide G4; by forcing the handle of the lever F3 over against the back of the stave, causes the stave to bend over the bed piece C3 to its proper shape for having the bulge formed thereon as it passes between the saws. The operator then with his hand, moves the carriage B3 forward; the stave coming in con tact with the saws as it is passed through between them the bulge is formed on its sides. When the stave has passed through, the stop Q removes the spring catches Q3 from the levers N4 N4 and causesthem to drop and the saws to recede from the edge o-f the stave. Then draw the carriage B3 back to the starting point, causing the inclined plane or arm O to raise the levers N* N4 to their former connections with the spring catches Q3, with the hand now turn back the lever F3 and the stave (being completed) is relieved from its confined position and removed and the bed prepared for the insertion of another stave to be treated in a similar manner.

The guide or gage G4 is designed to be raised to a perpendicular position for the purpose of placingthe edge of the stave against it at that end of the carriage, or bed piece. At the other end is the guide G5 extending upward for the same purpose (to wit) to put the edge of the stave against at that or the forward end. Both being so constructed that when the stave to be jointed is put upon the bed it will be parallel with the bed piece and at right angles with the crozer-it being crozed before jointing.

The post P7 or arm is for the purpose of forcing the gage from its perpendicular position to a horizontal one without the aid of the tender or operator; for the reason that it might at times be neglected by him and in that casethe saw on that side would strike the gage.

The right angled plate G3 sustains the gage G4, and to which the latter is attached by a pivot on which it turns. The plate G3, as well as the gage plate G5, is made with an oblong slit or opening to allowit to be moved toward or from the bed over the shank of a set screw which holds it in the required position.

`What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-w l. The combination of the reel P with the hinged carriage N for holding and turning the staves to be planed as described.

2. We also claimthe combination of the apparatus for crozing, chamfering, and cutting the staves to their required lengths as herein described-to wit the lever u with its holding arms h, the holding beds H2 the swinging arms C2 cutters D2 E2 G2 and discharging springs F2v arranged and operated substantially as set forth.

3. We likewise claim the arrangement of the circular saws K on the inclined sliding shafts K3 for jointing the staves to the required bevel, in combination with the in clined planes or arms O, for rendering the apparatus self acting as described.

JOI-IN MINER.

SILAS MERRICK.

Witnesses: A

J AMES CARUTHERS, J osEPH T. PUGH.

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