USRE12425E - Kobekt w - Google Patents

Description

REISSUED DEU. 19, 1.9()5.v

v R. W. KING.

.LPLICATION FILED JAN. l

STRUCTION.

fray/67%?? Y W LLI?,

l sonner-W. KING, or rroaonro. Cannes. ulLDlNG coNsTnuoTloN. i

originaire. 684,438, ma ooi-@ber 15,1901. Apprenti). for reime neu January as. ieee. serai No. ira-sie.

ToA all whom tima/y con/cern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. KING, asubject of the King ofGreat Britain, residine'at Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Can 'au' have invented an Improvement inBuilding Construction, of which the following description, infconnection with the accompanying drawings, 1s a specification, like numeralson the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to building construction which is especially adapted for green- '.Speclcaton'of Reissued Letters Fatens. Reisen/sd bec.

` low roof-supports, said water passingt houses and similar structures' in which there isV aconsiderable area of glass in the roof; and

.one of its objects is to provide a novel way of collecting and disposing lof the .moisture or Water of condensation which gathers on the inside of the roof of the building; and another Y object isto provide a greenhouse construction in which the roof presents a minimum amount of obstruction to the passage of sunlight.

One familiar way of taking care of inside moisture of condensation in greenhouses is to provide anvinside gutter at the bottom of the slope of the roof and to connect said inside gutter with the usual Youtside'gutter by one ol morev openings or drain-,ducts which Vlend through the building or roof, so that any moisture of condensation that coilects on the inside of the glass roof and runs down into 'said inside gutter can drain out through said ducts into the outside gutter. With this conw struction, however, any foreign matter which accumulates in the' 'outside gutter is apt to .clog the drain-ducts and render them useiess,

and, moreover, in cold weather said ducts are extremely apt to become frozen up. v

With my invention these diiiculties are avoided by conducting the moisture which collects in the inside gutter to a suitabledrain throughv hollow roof supports, the arrange ment in the form of my invention herein shown being such that in passing from the inside gutter to the drain the Water does not pass out of the building. In constructing a greenhouse to embody this form olf my invention l provide suitable hollow supports for the roof and arrange suitable inside gutters or troughsat the foot of the slopes of the root'or beneath the valley of the root' andconnect said gutters to the hollow roof-supports,

. so thatany moisture of condensation which gathers on the inside of' the root` and runs down the latter or an y Water which may leal( `through the roof will be collected in said gutter and conducted Yby lthe latter into the noie e, Fig.

.. ing bracket onthe iinea,"h`ign l l l said supports into as'nitsble draini The hollow roof-supports herein iiiustrated comprise what i term arclrheadsfl which are supported at each end by tubuiar 6o ardsor legs, said standards being connect .d to a drain. This construction is especiaiiy applicable for greenhouses'in which is de sired to have walks beneath the vaiieys of the root'. Iig;

The beams or plates whichere sunrsorted the roof-supports have on sith suitablelaterally-nrojectiugbr., the iower ends of the sashibars or. supported and which are arranged to taire the4 7o end thrust of said sash-bars. immediate@ un,n derncath the beams, at either side theres ad supported on the arch-heads,ar ii d ters or troughs aboveznentioned, wni into the noilow arch Y heads. Th Which lsupport the ends of the each formed With a dripgroore surroin them, the mouth oiE the drip-groove being niediately over the .inside g tter or tromL that any water which runs down the sash-bai will be collected in said grooves denosit d into the inside gutter.. or trough r of this construction the entent of portions of the root are much renne l 4 proportionately greater amount et.'` may be admitted to the gr enhouse. be rnore apparentuhen it is chai-irrevx supporting the sash-bars on brach. outside et the beams or piates tl. the .latter may be much reduced L., would benecessary if' the said bea-i themselves had to be `wide enough te furnish. a su pport for the-sash-bars and wheiii is also obn 'served that the inside gutters are beneath the beams or relates insteadoi at the of them.

in the drawings, Figure l is a section on the line l l, ig. il. Fig. @is a section ou M 3 is a section en the line 5', Fig. l. Fig. le is a section of the sash-'supportldig". 5 is an elevation of suchy bracket, and Fig. is a seetion of 'the sashebar.

IOC

l Greenhouses arc i'requentlj:y made with' a series of parallel roof-arches u. ii i generally run longitudinall).v ci' the buildi g,`each roo- Q5 arch comprising the usual i ish-bars to which the glass is attached, the sash-bars se as rafters and having their lower en. ached to and supported by; ,'ilatesor beams` i h are carried bysuitabie suppcits. l"Wheat roof j l comprises series oparniiel roof-arches, the meetic:J edges of adjacent arches are supported on a center piate or beam which extends along the valley oi the roof and is common to both arches, and in Fig. 2 is illustrated the meeting portions oi two such adjacent roof arches or spans. Since the number of arches inany one roof c epends on the size of the greenhouse and since each arch is of the same structure, it is not deemed necessary to` further illustrate the invention. Each roof-arch comprises 'the sash-bars 22, which besides their function as sasli'bars to support the glass also have the fonction of rafters. These sash-bars or rafters are supported at their ends by beams or plates 8, which run lengthwise of the building and are shaped to constitute gutters for eoiecting and carrying off the rain-water falling on the outside of the roof. The center plates, or those which extend sione; the valleys of the root' and are common to adjacent roof arches, are shown in the of chennehiron.- See Figs. 2 and The means for supporting iower' end of sash-bars wiii be hereinafter described. The beams or pistes 8 are supu ported on hollow,roof-supports, those hercin\ illustrated comprising what I term 4arch-- headsT5 3 and standards or Regs t for support ing each end thereof, the said arch-heads being in the nature of erossfgirders which lie at right angles to the plates or beams 8 and are centrally positioned under said plates, as seen in lFig. 2. This form of the invention is particularly Well adapted for greenhouses in which walks are to be placed beneath the vaileys of the roof. Each arch-head is hollow, hereinafter described, andthe standards-or 4 are also hollow, they preferably being.

tu 4r and be supported in arclrfeet 5., nich rest on suitable foundations, the said i'eet being connected by a pipe 6 to a ein .Z. The arch-supports thus described rin the support for the roof-trusses, and, Figs. l and the said arch-heads or 1, cresagirdcrs are made siightiy arching and t c'iarml-:i-iron, so that they are substantially n. :le in cross-secti i, saine i preierabi y provide the under side each arch-head with the web' 3'. As illusch arch vhead cainiesi the chair 9, invcrted- U shape, the lower vporsuitable notches ii in the top oi' the side tions of the L-shaped arch-heads,as piainly in Figs. i and 2. Thetopof the chai'rQ 1,. i ovided with a countersink, i1 which the head or' a bolt 12 rests, the said lhielt passing own through the iottom of the U-shaped 4hed head 3 and g to secure the chair ly in iaoe. i end of the chair is proh suitabie aperture 13, through upon the beam ends ,i5 prod beam ends having secured to thorn in any hie way ti beams or plates iio prove :e beam ene rrein becoming and to strengthenl thereof having the notches 10', which set' disengaged Vfrom the chairs, I may, if desired, pass suitable pins 16 through the lower ends of the lugs, as seen in Fig. 1.

`W ith this construction it will be seen that the beams or plates 8 and their attached beam ends serve to tie together the various archheads, and in' order to strengthen each beam I truss the same by attaching thereto the posts 18,'hav`ing open sockets at their lower ends in which the trussrod 19 is seated, the said truss-rod being fastened at its ends in any suitable way to lugs or ears 2O upon the beam ends. The beams 8, it will be understood, support the lower end of the'sash-bars 22, the

said sash-bars serving as a support for the usual glass roof. v

I have devised a special way of supporting the sash-bars on the beams 8, which enables me to greatly reduce the Width of beam`necessary, thus reducing the obstruction to the passage of the sunlight through the roet'. Each beam has rigidly secured to its .sides brackets on which the lower ends of the sashbars rest and which serve to take the iongitudinal thrust of said rafters and transmit it to the plate Aor beam 8. In this embodiment of my invention the brackets are separate from the beams, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) and leach has the side iianges 23, provided with a vertical edge and the base or seat 24, whichv is inclined, as illustrated in Fig. 4, and against which the end of the eorresponding-sash-bar or rafter seats or abuts, the upper edge of said base mee-ting the sides of the beam Slat a point intermediate to the upper and lower edges thereof, as seen in Fig. 2. By reason of this construction the ends of the sash-bars rest partially against the base 24 and partially against the sides of `the beam 8, it being understood that the ends of each sash-bar are of the perforated ears or lugs`25. 4This con- IOO 'beveled to tit the `angle between the base 24 of the fitting or bracket and the. side ofthe struction enabies me to materially reduce the Widthof the plate er beam 8, and thus reduce proportionately the obstruction which the roof presents to the suns rays. Heretofore it has been customary to make the beams 8 of sulicient Width to extend under the ends ot' the sashlbars; but by my improved construction the said beams need be only as wide-as it is necessary to make the outside gutter. The iowei; roi-tion of each of said brackets has the upwardly-inclined flange 27, projecting therefrom on three sides thereof, the said fiati/ge forming a drip-groove or the purpose of collecting any Water ol rmidensationwhich runs down the saslrhars. Tfrlfflx sash-bar is preferably provided with a drip-groove 48, running longitudinally along eachlside thereof, and each side iiange 23 is cut away at 49 in line with the drip-groove 48, Wherebyany water which runs down said drip-grooves 48 can flow through the notches 49 in the side flanges and into the drip-grooves surroundingl the brackets 40.- j

. Any moisture of condensation which collects on the inside ofy y down theglass or the drip-grooves 40'to the bottom of the slope ofthe roof, and to catch such drip-gutters or troughs 30 are provided,

which aresituated beneath either side 'of the plate or beam 8 and are herein shown as seated in suitable recessesin the top of the side pieces of the arch-headed. i These gutters,'it

will be noted,` are'sitated entirely Vinside of i the building and serve to collect only thatwa- 1 which leaks through the roof.

ter which runs down the inside of the roof, whether' it be ,vater of condensation or water The said Ainthe roof will either run side gutters are arranged so aslt'o empty atl theirends into the hollow arch-heads 3, as seen in dotted lines, Fig. 1.

With this construction it will be obvious that any water of condensation which collects.

yontheglass or the sash-bars and runs down the same to the bottom of the slope of the roof will drip off into the troughs 30 and/be conducted tothe holiow arch-heads and through the Vstandards 4 to the drains 7, the water which runs down the sash-bars being collected by the dripfgroove 27 in the ybrackets 40 and being deposited into the troughs. noted zin-this connection that the drip-groove which su rrouhds the bracket 40 is constructed on a slight inclination, as seen in Fig. 4, so that the waterwill freely pass out from the mouth thereof into the trough BO.

Referring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the posts 18 are provided on opposite sides with lugs 43 and upon which the gutters or troughs 30 rest between their ends, the inside of said troughs being bolted to the posts by bolts 44. As seen in Fig. 4, the lower end of the vertical edge of the flanges 23 is provided 'with a notch 31, this notch being of the proper depth to receive the deecting-plate 33 which is clamped between the fitting 40and the beam 8, the lower edge of the plate extending below the under side of said beam,y

down the glass of the roof into the gutter and prevent the same from llowingvaround underneath the beam 8.

In order to strengthen the roof-trusses, certain of Athe sash-bars may be trussed, as seen whereby said. plate serves to direct the water which runs of the roof or- It will be i at the left in Fig. EZ, in which case the correspending bracket 40 will have the lug' the outside thereof, the said lug serving to sustain the truss-rod 57, which passes overa king-post 38, secured to the purlin 50, and issectwed at its` other end to the roof-ridge in any suitabie way. r (Not shown.)

36 del i l i ture taut.

The arch-heads at either side of any roof-arch may be tied together by suitable tie-rods 39, which are connected to the bolt i2 atgtheir ends'in any suitable way,the said tie-rods preferably haring a suitableturnbuckie 4l therein for i A rootl madey as above described is exceedingly strong and durable and at the same time can be easily set up or taken down should occasion require, and, furthermore, provision is made for the collecting and conducting` to the outside of the building through the-hollow supports for the roof of any water of condensation which accumulates on the inf side of the roof.

In the form of invention herein shown the gutters *30 are situated entirely inside the building, and they are arranged to drain dithe purpose of keeping the strucrectly into the hollow roofsupports, so that the water which collects `in said gutters is conducted to the drain without passing outside of the.building` This construction vantage that the guttcry 3u and hollow roofsupports cannot become clogged either by any foreign matter coil'ects on the outside byy becomingy frozen, because the only time when any Water of condensation will collect on therinside of the roof is when the temperature inside of the building isA much above freezing, and as `both the hollow roofsupportf' and inside gutters 30 are inside of ing there can be no danger of their f frozen. Moreover, by placing said gutters 30 directly beneath the beam orplate 8 they do not intercept any of the suns rays.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the structure of my device without departing from the spiritof my inn vention, and I therefore 'reserve the right to maire such changes as come within the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what claim as new, and desire to secure Letters Patent, is-v l. in building construction, a roof, hollow supports therefor, and means located entirely inside of the building to conduct any moisture which gathcrs'on the inside of the roof er may lealr'through the latter to said hoilow supports.

2. In building construction,I a roof, hollow s'upports therefor, a trough or gutter on the inside of the building and situated at the bottom of theslopes ofthe roof and constructed to drain directly into said support whereby p moisture which collects on the inside of the to the hollow supports'. in building construction, a series of hoin low archfheads, roof-trusses supported .thereon, and means for conducting the water of condensation which coliects on the inside of the roof through the hollow arched heads and. to a drain. y Y

4. lu building construction, a roof, a series `roof may be conducted through said troughs y 45 which runs down the sash-bars being directed by the drip-grooves in 'the of hollow arch-headssupporting the same, tubular standards forthe arch-heads, said tubular standards being connected to a suitable drain, and a seriesfof troughs situated at the bottom of the slopes of the roof, and emptying into said hollow arch-heads, whereby any moisture that collects on the inside of the roof is deposited into the troughs and conducted through the supports to the drain.

5. In buildingeonstruction, a series of hollow supports, beams carried thereby, a roof` I* collects on the insidgof the roof is conducted through the troughs into the hollow supports.

7. In building construction, aseries ot' archheads, U shape in cross-section, hollow standards supporting the same, beams carried by said arch-heads andsupporting the roof, and troughs emptying into said arch-heads, said troughs being situated underneath said' beams whereby the the inside of the roof will be caught by said troughs and conducted th rough thearch-heads.

8.. 'In building construction for greenhouses,

a series of hollow arch-supports, which are connectedto a suitable drain, beams carried thereby, brackets secured to said beams and adapted to support the lower ends of the sashbars, each bracket having va drip-groove'extending around it, and a trough carried-by and emptying into said arch-supports'and situated beneath said beam, whereby anymoisture which collects on the inside of the roof will be caught in said trough, the moisture brackets into the 9. In buildingconstruction for greenhouses,

a series of hollow larch-supports, which'are connected 'to a suitable'drain, beams carried thereby and supporting. the meeting edges of"l`greenhouseroofs, said brackethaving an in- Aadjacent roof arches, brackets attached to both sides of said beams, each bracket having adrip-groove extending aroundit, and notched side flanges, a sash-bar supported at its lower end in each bracket and betwcenthe side fianges of the latter, each sash-bar having a drip-groove which registers with the vn'otch in.

the side anges of the corresponding bracket, whereby the water which runs down thc dripgrooves in the sash-bars is caught by tliefdripgrooves in the brackets, and moans to conduct said water discharged by said drip-grooves in the brackets to the hollow arch-supports.

moisture which is col-looted on l building construction for greenhouses,a l

series of hollow supports which are connected toa suitable drain, beams carried by said supports, brackets attached tothe said beams, each bracket havinga drip-groove snrrounding it, a sash-bar supported at its lower end in each bracket, dctlecting-'plates secured between the brackets and the beam, and troughs supported on and emptying into said supports whereby any water that runs' down the inside of the roof will be deflected by said plates into the troughs and emptied .into the hollow supports.

11. In building construction for greenhouses, a series of hollow supports, beams carried thereby, brackets connected to said into the saidhollow supports, certain of said brackets each having a lugdepending therefrom, and each of the corresponding 'sashbars being trussed and having the truss-rod secured to one of said lugs. Y n

12. In building construction, a series pf hollow arch-supports, chairs supported thereon and extending across the same, beam ends secured to said chairs, kbeams secured to said beam ends and tying together theadjac'ent arch-supports, and a root' supporte on said beams. l

13. In building construction for greenhouses, a' root' and supports therefor, said root' comprising a series of sash-bars serving as rafters and glass suitably supported on said sash-bars, and a separate bracket forA beams, each bracket havinga rip-groove eX- supporting the lower end of each sash-bar,

having a'drip-groo've 'parthe same, and means to said brackets each tially surrounding catchy the water delivered from the dripgrooves. I '14. A supporting-bracket for sash-bars in 4 greenhouse-roofs, said bracket having an inclined base ,or body portion of a size to lit and adapted to support the end ofa sash-bar, and 1a drip-groove extending' around three -sides of said baseor body portion, whereby L any moisture which runs down the sash-bar is collected by the drip-groove. Y l5. A supporting-bracket for-sash-bars in clined base or body portion adaptedto support the end )of a sash-bar, parallel side lianges either side of said base or body portion, each side flange being notched, and a drip-groove vpartially surrounding the base.

16. A supporting-bracket for .sash-bars in greenhouse-roofs, said bracket having an inclined base or body portion, parallel side -fianges either side thereof, each side fiange being notched, a drip-groove partially surrounding the base or body portion, ears extending i'rom said side flanges for attaching l the bracket to a. beam or other supporaand FOO plate shaped to present an outside gutter, Said .ally therefrom, and saslvbars supported enpiet@ having brackets projecting from its Sides, sash-bars supported in said brackets, and means to supportseid beam, said brackets each having a drip-groove partially surrounding the seme combined with means situeted. beneath the beam for catching the water delivered from the drip-groove.

a perforated lug at the base ofthe-body portion adapted to receive a truss-"rod.

17. In a greenhouse construction, abeam or than the gutter, brackets i on the outside of the beam projecting laterl beam being no wider tirely by said brackets. s 18. ln greenhouse construction, a beam or plate constituting an outside gutter, said beam l beingr n o Wider than the gutter, brackets projeeting outwardlyv from each side of said beam, and sashbars supported entirely by the braeki to this Spiiicution in the presence of the sub= scrbing witnesses.

ROBT. W. KING.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM Ebene RANEY, ALEXANDER MILLS, JAMES Hants..

ets, v

19. In a greenhouse construction, a beam or In testimony whereof l have signed my name I

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