USRE12281E - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

BEST AVAILABLE COPY REISSUED OOTI 25; I904.

" A. B. HOLSON. ELECTRIC MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED KAY 31,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

, 61 ito cmuf BEST AVAILABLE COPY No. 12,281. R'EISSUED 001. 25, 1904. A. B. HOLSON. ELECTRIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

BEST AVAILABLE coat UNITED STATES Beiasued October 25. 1904.

PAT NT O FICE,

ALBERT B. HOLSON, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIeNoR, BY MEsNE AS- sIeNMENTs-ro'rnE HOLSON MOTOR PATENTS COMPANY, LIMITED,

OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SPIXHFICATION formingpart of Beissued Letters Patent No. 12,281, dated qctob er 25, 1904.

Original No. 701,341, amt .Im a, 1902. Application for reissue filed [0.131, 1904. Serial No. 210,583.

To all tuhmn it mwy cmwern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT B. HOLSON, a

' resident of Chicago, Illinois, have. invented.

certain new and useful Improvements in Electrio Motors, of which the following is a specifi'cation.

This invention relates to mechanism for transmitting rotary motion, and is shown herein in connection with a motor of the elec- ID tric type; but the invention is not limited-to any particular type of motor.

Among the principal objects of the invention are to provide means for transmitting mo- --tion in rotary mechanisms; to provide a con- 1 5 struction which is at once extremely compact and symmetrical and is of the self-contained typethat is, the outer framework of the motor constitutes a housing for the same; to provide improvements in the details of constrnction and arrangement of the journalbearings for the several moving parts ofthe motor; to provide certain improved detaiis of construction enabling the motor to be combined with a wheel-h uh, and in general to proz 5 vide an improved device of the character referred to.

To these ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more par.- 7 ticularly pointed out in the appended claims, 3e and the same will be readily understood from the'following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation ofa motor em bodying my inventionyapproximately onehalf of the end casing being removed to expose the motor mechanism proper. Fig. 2 is 1 a side elevation of the motor with parts of the casing broken away to expose the arrangementof the parts within. Fig. 3 is an end 4 elevation ofa wheel-huh forming a housing within which the motor is arranged and which wheel-hub is actuated by the motor, and Fig. i .is a side elevation of the wheel-hub with parts of the hub-casing shown in axial section and showing more particularly the driving connections between the motor and the hub. While 1 have herein shown the motor as embodied in a construction forming a part of a vehiclewheelfor example, an automobilewheelyet it will be understood that the invention is in no wise limited to this particular application, but, on the contrary, is capable of a wide variety of applications and, as will appear more clearly from thefollowing description, the particular form of the outer casing or frame, while in itself novel and forming a subordinate feature of the present invention, is not an essential of the broader features of the invention, it being understood that any other suitable frame or'casing could be sub-- stituted therefor.

Referring more particularly to Figs. land 2, 1 designates as a Whole the outer stationary member, which in the present instance is made in the form of an approximately spher- 5 ical shell arranged to inclose the armature: and commutator mechanism'of the motor and serving aiso as a frame upon the interior of which are supported the severai field-pieces 2 of the motor. in the present instance, in which the motor forms the driving mechanism of a wheel, the shell member 1 is provided diametrically opposite points with integral "bosses or projections 3 a, respectively, terminating in reduced journal portions 5, 6, '15 which form the spindle portions of the axle v upon which the respective ends of the hub {designated as a whole '2) have hearing, as hereinafter more fully explained. It may be noted at this point that the journal 6 is provided with a further extension 8, adapted to he rigidly united with the main frame of thevehicle, whereby the outer casing 1 of the motor becomes as a whole the journal member or spindle of the vehicle. As a convenient construction and in order to afiord access to the interior of the shell 1 one entire end portion of the latter is made removable, being made in the form of anend cap (designated 9) suitably bolted or otherwise secured to the main body of the shell, as indicated at 10, said end cap being-concentric'with the main shaft 11 of the armature and being of a diameter large enough to permit'the insertion of all of the several parts through the opening covered thereby.

BEST AVAlLABLE COP The main shaft 11 of the armature is io11rnaled in suitable bearings (designated as a whole 12 13) located at the respective oppo' site ends of the motor-shell, and in this connection itis to be observed that the axis of the main shaft of the motor is arranged in such relation to the journal portions 5 and 6 of the shell that when the latter is arranged within the wheel-hub the armature-shaft will extend transversely across the interior of the hub in a direction slightly inclined to the central plane of the wheel and intersecting the latter, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4, the object of this arrangement being to enable the "armature-shaft to be geared to an annular double rack 14 in such manner as to engage both sides of the latter, as will hereinafter appear.

' The armature (designated as a whole 15) may be of any suitable type, that shown herein being externally cylindrical, while the fieldpieces 2 are correspondingly hollowed at their inner ends, as indicated at 16', to approach as nearly as possible the armature, there being four of said field-pieces in the present instance,

which are accordingly arranged at ninety degreesapart.

The bearing 13, within which one end of the main shaft 11 of the armature is mounted, is formed directly through the end Wall 1' of the motor-casing, as indicated in dotted lines,

I while the opposite end of the shaft is similarly supported in a bearing-aperture 17,

. formed through the end cap member 9. The

armature-shaft is arranged to extend at both ends through and beyond the end walls of the shell and is provided at each end with a rigidpinion (designated 18 and 19, respectively,) which are arranged to respectively intermesh with the opposite sides of the annular rack 14, hereinbefore referred to.

The extended ends of the armature-shaft outside of the end walls of the motor-shell are inclosed in extensions or housings 20 21,

respectively, which are internally enlarged at.

the lower sides of the shaft to form oil-cups 22, adapted to contain supplies of 'oil. In order to convey acontinuous supply of oil from the lubricating-cups to the shaft of the armature rings 23 are mounted loosely upon said shaft and arranged'to depend within the respective oil-cups, the rotation of the shaft serving to rotate the rings, and thus carry a continuous supply of oil to the shaft. The rings are suitably spaced apart by means of collars 24 and 25 uponthe shaft, as indicated clearly in Fig, 2. 2 Upon the armature-shaft 11 at side of the end cap 9 is mounted a commutator 26, composed of a plurality of'segments insulated from each other and from the's'haft ig-the usual manner and severally connected withthe-winding of the; armature.

The commutator devices aremounted upon the end cap member 9 so as to be 'remouable a point in-- ferred embodiment shown herein consist simply of fixed guides or sockets arranged to extend approximately tangential to the commutator-hub'and within which are arranged to slide commutator-blocks 30, of carbon, which bear at their inner ends against the commutator-hub and are held yieldingly in contact therewith by means of springs 31, working through suitable channels or slots 32, formed in the brush holders, as indicated clearly in the drawings.

The pair of conductors connecting the motor with the source of current are respectively connected with the studs 27 and 28 at points outside of the motor-casing, it being understood thatsaid studs are properly insulated from the casing, as indicatedat 33.

34 and 35 designate the conductors through which current is supplied to: the several fieldwindings of the field-magnets, these conduct: ors being conveniently arranged to extend inwardly through the end cap member 9, as in-' dieated clearly in the drawings.

In the present instance, in which the outer casing of the motor forms the spindle member of a wheel-hub, the several conductors 36 37 and 38 39 are (brought together and extended out through an aperture or passage 40, formed to emerge axially through the ex-' tension or journal portion 6 of the motor-casing, the conductors extendingthence to asuitable secondary battery or other source of current-supply.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, the present embodiment of the shell of the hub comprisesacentral cylindric portion 41, forming that part of the hub of largest diameter and tapering side or end walls 42 43, which respectively terminate in reduced cylindric portions 44 45. The end or side wall 42 of the hub is made removable or detachable, to this end being constructed to telescope at its margins, as indicated at 42', Within the cylindric portion 41 of the hub and being provided with an annular shoulder 46, which abuts against the end margin of said cylindric portion and limits theextent to which said parts maytelescope together. A

circumferential scriesiofscr'ews or studs 47 serve to unite said parts rlgldly and removvably together. .That end of the cylindrical central 'portion 41 of the hubto which the removable end wall 42 is applied is internally enlarged" slightly to provide an internal annular shoulder 48, against which is arranged to rest and fit thedouble annular rack 14, hereinbefore referred to. .In the present instance said rack consists simply of a ring provided I may be removed when it is desired to-withdraw mesh with. For convenience of inspection each tor may be inspected BEST AVAILABLE COP" at its laterally-opposite faces with rack-teeth,

as indicated at 49, suitably formed 'to inter- -with the pinions 18 and 19 of the armature-shaft. The rack-ring is made rigid with the shell of the hub conveniently by means of a circumferential series of screw-studs 50, which the motor from the shell of the hub, it being understood that it will be necessary towithdraw the rack with the motor, owing to the manner in which the motor-shaft is intergeared therethe'end walls i2 and 43 of the hub is provided with a'hand-hole closed by means of a suitable plate or closure, as indicated at '51..

Likewise the shell of the motor is provided with openings 52 and 53, adapted to be respectively brought opposite the openings in the hubhell, so that the interior ofthe mowithout separating .the parts. In the present instance the respective ends of the hub-shell are provided with bearing rings and balls forming roller-bearing connections between the journal portions of the motor-casing and the wheel. Referring to Fig. 4, 54 designates a bearingring or cup member threaded within the outer end of the shell and confined and locked in position by means of an end closing-plate 55, the inner side of said ring being provided with a groove or race 56, adapted to receive a series of balls 57.

' 58 designates acooperatingbearing-ring mounted upon the jOUXDRl'pOI'lJIOII of the spindle and confined in position-by the annular shoulder 5' thereof. The opposite end of the hub is constructed in substantially the same manner, with the exception that the confining and inclosing plate thereof is'apertured for the spindle, which at this end is extendedfor connection with the main frame of the vehicle.

Theoperation of the device constructed as above described will be entirely obvious and need not, therefore, be detailed.

A motor constructed in accordance with this invention possesses numerous and important advantages. For example, by reason of the fact that the drive-shaft which transmits the.

power from the motor to the driven member is engaged with the annular racks at twodiametrically opposite points the driving" moment is imparted to the driven member in an equalized manner, which avoids all tendency of the parts to create undue friction by reason of the greater stress upon one bearing than upon another, and this very materially increases the relative eflicieney of the motor.

Another important advantage incident toflthe construction and arrangement described. is that the motor may be made extremely-compact and located concentrallywith the axis of rotation of the driving moment to the latter,

--l v i th.a minimum amount of transmittingv mechanism, and this further increases the -become the rotating member.

. vention.

relative efliciency. In the case of tractionwheels-such, for example, 'as automobile-- wheels and the like-the motor finds one of its most important applications, since in such 'casethe power is applied in the most direct manner possible, and in the case of a'vehicle having more than a single propelling or traction wheel each traction-wheel may obviously be supplied with controlled. In this connection it is to be noted that although the driven member is in the present instance a traction-wheel, yet the a motor and independently 3 motor may obviously be applied to drive-- "other mechanisms and is in no sense limited to this particular application. It may be further noted in this connection that while in the present instance the external member is the moving member by a simple reversal the member carrying the duplex racks might be made stationary and the driving moment imparted througha connection with the internal frame or casing, which would in such case These and expedients -are to be understood as within the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will therefore be understood from the foregoing description that the details of construction may be modified without departing from similar mechanical 1 do not, therefore, wish to be limited to the details of construction shown anddescribed herein-except to the extent that the same are made the subject of specific claims.

I. claim as my invention 1. In a motor, a rotary member, provided with an annular duplex rack, a shaft arranged within said rotary member and carrying pinions fixed upon its ends and engaging with said rack at opposite sides thereof, all substantially as described. 1

2. In a motor, the combination of a rotary element, a drive shaft rotating therewith, a pinion on each end of said shaft and an annular the'spirit of the indriven member provided with duplex annular racks respectively engaged with saidpinions in diametrically opposite -relat1on, whereby the driving moment of the motor is simultaneously imparted to said driven element through both pinions.

3. In an electric motor, the combination of a rotary armature, a drive-'shaft rotating therewith, a pinion on each end of said shaft and an annular driven member provided with duplex annular racks respectively engaged with said pinions in diametrically opposite relation, whereby the drivingmoment of the motor is simultaneously imparted to said driven.

element through both pinions.

4. In an electric motor, the combination of. a main driveshaft, an armature mounted thereon, a-pinion upon said shaft at eachside of said armature, and a driven member provided with duplex annular racks arranged to encircle said armature;'said racks being severally engaged with the respective pinions of.

BEST AVAILABLE moment'of the motor is simultaneously im-- parted to said driven. element through both pinions.

5. In an electric motor, the combination of a relatively stationary frame, a main driveshaft jourualed in said frame and provided with a pair of driving-pinions, an armature operative relation to said armature, and an mounted upon .said drive-shaft between said pinions, a series of field-pieces upon said frame in cooperative relation to said arma ture, and a driven member comprising duplex parallel annular racks encircling said armature exteriorly of the stationary frame, and having its racks operatively engaged with the respective pinions of the driveshaft in diametrically opposite relation whereby the driving moment of the armature is imparted to the-driven member through both pinions simultaneously and in the same direction.

6. In an electric motor, the combination of a relatively'stationary frame, constituting an armature-housing, a main drive-shaft journaled in said frame and provided with a pair of driving-pinions, an armature mounted upon said drive-shaft between said pinions, a series of field-pieces upon said frame in cooperative relation to said armature, and a driven member comprising duplex parallel annular racks encircling said armature exteriorly of the stationary frame, and having its racks operatively engagedwith .the respective pinions of the drive-shaft in diametrically opposite relation whereby the driving moment of the armature is imparted to the driven member through both pinions simultaneously and in the same direction. I

7. In an electric motor, the combination of a relatively stationary main frame provided with bearing-supports, 'a main drive-shaft journaled in said frame and provided with a pair of driving-pinions, an armature mounted upon said drive-shaft between said pinions, a series of field-pieces upon said frame in coouter driven member operatively :engaged with the bearing-supports of the relatively stationary frame comprising'duplex. parallel annular racks encircling said armature exteriorly of the stationary frame, and having its racks operatively engaged with the respective pinions of the drive-shaft in diametrically opposite relation whereby the driving moment of the armature is imparted to the driven member through both pinions simultaneously and in the same direction.

8. In an electric motor, the combination of a relatively stationary frame provided with integral oppositely-disposed external projections constituting ournals, a main drive-shaft jourualed in'said frame and provided with a pair of driving-pinions, an armature mounted upon said drive-shaft between said pinions, a series of field-pieces upon said frame, in cooperative relation to Said armature,'and an outerdriven member jourualed upon said journal projections of the mainframe, comprising duplex, parallel, annular racksencircling said armature exteriorly of the stationary frame, and having its racks operatively engaged with the respective pinions of the-drive-shaft in diametrically opposite relation whereby the driving moment of the armature is imparted to the driven member through both pinions simultaneously and in the same direction.

.9. In an electric motor, the combination of a relatively'stationary frame provided with; integral oppositely-disposed external-v projections constituting journals; a main drive-shaft journaled' in said frame and provided with a pair of driving-pinions, an armature mounted upon said drive'shaft between said pinions, a series of field-pieces upon said frame in 00-- operative relation to said armature, and an outer driven member jou rnaled upon said jourduplex, parallel, annular racks, encircling said armature exteriorly of the stationary frame,

- and having its racks operatively engaged with vthe respective pinions of the drive-shaft 'in, diametrically opposite relation whereby the driving moment of the armature is imparted to the driven member through both pinions simultaneously and in the same direction.

' nal projections of the main frame, comprising 10. In an electric motor, the combination of l a relatively stationary motor-casing constituting a substantially complete inclosure, a series of field-magnets arranged upon the interior of said casing, an armature jourualed within the casing and a commutator mechanism mounted upon the interior of the casing at one end of said armature, that portion of the wall of the casing which supports the commutator mechanism being made in the form of a removable end cap through which the motor mechanism is insertible and removable,substantially as described.

11. In combinati'on with a wheel, means for a drive-shaft arranged to extend diametrically across and diagonally through said rack-ring and provided at each end with a driving-pinion engaged' with the respective series-of racks, and'an armature mounted upon said shaft.

13. In combination with a wheel having a" hollow shell-like hub,-a double driving-rack mounted; within said hub concentrically with BEST AVAILABLE COP":

the axis of rotation of the wheel, a drive shaft arranged diametricallyof said rack and provided at each end with a driving-pinion engaged with the rack, a motor-armature mounted upon said drive-shaft within the hub, fieldv magnets supported upon the wheel in cooperative relation with said armature, and means for supplying electric current to said motor.

14. In combination with a wheel, having a hollow shell-like hub, means for propelling the same comprising an annular double rack mounted upon the interior of the hub concentrio with theaxis of rotation of the latter, a drive-shaft arranged to extenddiametrically and diagonally across said annular rack and provided at each end with a driving-pinion engaged with the latter, an armaturemounted rigidly upon said drive-shaft, a motor-oasing inclosing said armature within the hubshell and supporting aseries of field-magnets in cooperative relation to the armature, said armature casing being rigidly secured to the interior ofi-the hub, armature-shaft bearings formed in each end of said armature-casing, a commutator-hub mounted upon said armature-shaft adjacent to one of the end walls of the casing, commutator-brushes supported upon the end wall and operatively engaging said commutator, and electrical connections connected with the windingsof the field-magnets and commutator-brushes respectively and 7 extending out of the wheel-hub through a non-rotated part of, or upon the wheel-axle, as and for the purpose set forth.

15. In a motor, a rotary member provided with an annular rack, a shaft arranged within said rotary member and means carried by said shaft engaging the said rack combined withdriving means,substantial ly as described.

16. In a power-transmitting mechanism, a

drive-shaft, two pinions at longitudinallyseparated points upon said shaft, an annular driven member provided with duplex annular racks engaged by said pinions in diametrically opposite relation, and means for driving said shaft.

17. In a power-transmitting mechanism, a drive-shaft, two .pinions at longitudinallyseparated points upon said shaft, a driven member provided with duplex annular rack engaged by said pinions, said shaft being su pported in a position diagonal in the plane of the racks, substantiallyas described.

ERT s nonson. Witnesses: 2'

Gno. R. Sun-swoon," CLARA -L.'RoE-son.

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