USRE11894E - Commodore o - Google Patents

Description

U ED STATES PATENT mm;

co MononE o; 1 owE'Lt, 0F :wAsnisTo flinsrmor0F COLUMBIA. composl'rs ru JEHL'IAN'DI no'cEs's er EMAKINe SAM E.

srmlcwxon-romm part of'neiusdmeaeimretentive. ubeadmq man 5, 1901'."

. Original Ho. 522L495. dated May 9,189 1, Application for reinstalledil'niniuyllfl H01, serial No, 43,019." i To all whom itmay concern;- 'diuln-inalarge'niimberof prior compositions; Be. it known that I, COMMODORE O..- P. .bnt'in-almost every-instance the rosin alone HOWELL, a citizen of the United States, r eis relied upon tobind the mass together. By sidi'n-gat Washington, District of Colu-mbia,- the use'of fat-pine excelsior or excelsior and 5' have "invented certain new and useful Imrosin, thoroughly, massed throughout the provernents in' Composite Fueland Processesblock or briquet'into which the composition .of Making the Samegand Ido hereby-declare is compressed, a binding effect is attained the following to be a full, cl'ear,"a nd exact dewhich is not possiblew'ith rosin alone or with I scription of the invention, that will enable rosin and sawdust or wood inother form, and I 10 others skilled in the artto which it appertains'. the massis rendered much more inflammable. tomake and use thesame. Excelsiorand rosin combined-with pulver- 'My invention relatestoacornposite or arti: ized coal and compressed into suitable blocks ficial fuel in which pulverizedcoal forms the forms in itself a'highly-satisfactory fuel; but. 6 5 base or principal'ingredient. In this class of I have found that by the additionjthereto of 1 I5 'fuel thepulverized coal is miked with matefiber of the'Mexican cactus the mass is re-fi rials or ingredients usually of "-a much more .tained in shape for a much longer time while inflammable character, which while aiding bnrningand the'coal consequently more thoncombustion of the coal also act as aabinding oughly consumed. This I' attribute to the medium for retaining the massin theforln of slow-bnrning'character of the'cactns fiber, 20 blocks or briquets into which itis compressed due to its low percentage of carbon. Cactus for use. j H fiber is a woody fiber containing a large In all prior compositions of this character amountof silicate. W hilecom bust'ible, it is a to which my knowledge extends the materials very slow-burning, When incorporated in a l oringredients'fQrm'ing'Fthe binder have briquet, somewhat as-hair is incorporated in '2 5 been of such a character as to cause or allow mortar, the slow-burning fiber seems to bind the mass to disintegrate from the. heatof the and hold the mass togetheruntil the thorough fire long before thelarger portion of the coal ignition of the mass has taken place. .Then, hasbeen heated toa degree sulficienttocause' even if the slow-burning fiber be consumed, combustion or to coke the mass, which would the brique't willsubstantially retain its form 30 result in retaining it in its original shape ununder ordinary conditions of combustion until entirely consumed. til the coal orcoke which maybe produced The object sought by me is a composite" from. the partial combustion of the coal is j 1 fuel, of which pulverized coal is the base'or practicallyallconsumed. Itisadvisable that f principal ingredient, which will be highly inthe slow-bu rning fiber be not closely commim 35 flammable, and yet retain the form'into which gled with the more rapidly combustible exit is compressed at suificient length of time celsior before incorporation in the briquet, while burning to insure complete combustion for the reason that the slow-burning fiber of all its parts, and which may be manufacshouldbe given as great-an. opportunity as 0 tured at small cost and be highly satisfactory possible to actas a binding agent, while-the 40 in use. vquick-burning excelsior carries fire rapidly The ingredients of which my fuel is comthrough the mass; For the quick-burning orposed are pulverized coal, fat-pine excelsior igniting ingredient Ius'e fat-pine excelsi0r,; or excelsior and rosin, and fiber of the Mexiwhich contains rosin'in su flicient'a mount, or 5 can cactus, treated and mixed in a manner to I treat .Iexcelsior with rosin separately'from 5 be hereinafterdescribed. the other ingredients. of' the compound, as Fat-pine excelsioris selected by me because will be hereinafter described. The Mexican-' .of its large percentage of resin. Excelsior of cactus fiber is used in lengths varying from white pine or other wood may be employed one and one-half to three'inches'and is incor-- we 4 wit-lifairly good results if first saturated with 'porated with'the coal in about equal quantity 50 rosin; but the best results will accrue from 'with, the 'excelsior and performs the same" the use of fat-pine excelsior as treated by me.. function inholdin'g the mass together; but I Rosin has been employed as a binding mehave found that ,by its use the mass remains in shape for. a longer time while burning than where the excelsior alone isused'and that complete combustion of the particles of'coal is practically attained.

In the manufacture of the-composition prefer to first treat the fat-pine excelsior to an opening in one end of the cylinder, Where 'der.

a process of evaporation to free it of a low grade of rosin, and thus free the compound as far as possible from smoke and objection able odor. This evaporationof the ex'c'elsior may be accomplished by exposinglitto dry air for a suflicient lengthof time or by any well-known apparatus usually employed for such purposes. A'high grade of melted rosin is thenpoured or sprinkled over the mass of excelsior, using about-one ounce of' rosin to one pound of excelsior. exce-lsior is used, no evaporating process will be required; but-rosin is incorporated therewith in the manner above described before it is mixed with the other ingredients ofthe compound, and a larger-percentage of rosin should be used to saturate the excelsior, which should also beh'eated to facilitate the absorp-' tion of rosin. To ninety-four pounds 'of pulverized coal I add three pounds of the prepared excelsior and three pounds of the Mexi-.

can-cactus fiber. These are putinto a highlyheated receptacleand stirred until the mass is thoroughly mixed, after which it is pressed fwhile hot in suitable molds and allowed to cool. V

In practice I.employ a heating and mixing receptacle in-the' form of ahorizontal cylin- This cylinder is heated by live steam conveyedthrough inder beneath a metallic jacket covered with asbestos. Within the cylinder is arranged a wormscrew, which is revolved 'to mix the heated compound and also to force it through it is received by molding apparatus and compressed into shape.

The object in first incorporatinglthe rosin with the excelsior is to'prevent as far as possible the absorption of rosin by the cactusfiber during the heating and mixing pro ess. The

' rosincontained in the fat-pine, excelsior or most satisfactory results.

Where white-pine pipessurrouuding the cyl'-- ficient to thoroughly unite the mass wheu compressed hot under in oderate pressure, and While I do-not limit myself to exact proportions of any of the ingredients employed those stated have been found by me to give the Having thus described I claim as new, Patent, -is

1. A composite fuel composed of pulverized coal, 'exoclsior, rosin, and fiber of the Mexican cactus.

A composite fuel composed of pulverized coal, fat-pine excelsior, and fiber of the Mexican cactus compressed into blocks or briquets, substantially as described. v

3. A composite fuel, composed of mixed 7 coal, excelsior, rosin, and a slowly-burning fiber, which remains for a considerable time duringcombustion as a binding agent.

4, A"composit-e fuel composed of-coal, a

. that addedinitsgtreatment I have found sufquick-burning fiber, of resinous nature, and

a slowlyburning, stantially as described.

5. The process of. making composite fuel, which consists i n ncorporatiug rosin with excelsior, then mixing the "excelsior thus prepared with pulverized coal and fiber of the Mexican cactus, subjecting the mixtureto non-resinous fiber, subheat, and while the same is still hot, molding it into suitable blocks.

6. The process ofmaking composite fuel which consists in evaporating fat-pine excelsior to free it of a low grade of rosin, then incorporating therewith rosinof a higher grade,

1 then mixing the excelsior thus prepared with pulverized coal and fiber of the Mexican cactus, subjecting the mixture to heat, and while the same is still hot, molding it into suitable I blocks.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature inrpresence' of two witnesses. v

can. 0. P. HOWELL. Witnesses:

HARVEYT. WINFIELD, W. A. BARTLETT.

' 55 my in ven tion, wha't and desire to secure by Letters