USRE10457E - Centrxfugas - Google Patents

Description

S. M. LILLIE.

GENTRIFUGAL PILTBRING 0R STRAINING APPARATUS. No. 10,457.

Reissued. Mar. 4, 1884.

flo M whom, it may concern;

UN TED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

Mon-sis LILLIE, on PHILADELPHIA, Pennsylvan a C'ENTRiFUGAL Fi LTERING SPEGIFICATTGN forming part or meissued I Original No. 252,783, dated January 24, 1882.

Be it known that I, S. ll/[ORRIS LILLIE,a

' citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of JP'hiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Centrifugal Filtering or Straining Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. 4

The object of my invention is to provide a centrifugal filtering machine, the filtering media and the body or basket of which may be cleansedof the matters collected upon or in supportedby radial arms A horizontally upon a vertical axle,L, which latter is tubular above and be1ow,the passage'Z above being continued through the upper bearing (not shown) of the .axle, andsimilarly the passageNbelow being continued through the lower bearing or step, S, the continuations of the two passages, each communicating with one or more p'ipes'or conduits, as in the case of the lower passage, N, with the two mains marked, respectively, Wa-

tor? or Vacuum in Fig. 1. The inner annular compartment, B, is constructed so as to be water-tight toward the axle excepting that it communicates, by means of a series of radial tubes or passages, .0 '0, with a central hopper,

,LH, mounted on the axle, which hopper may be closed-at will by. means of the capon the" sleeve I), which latter may be raised and loweredwhile the machine is revolving by means of af-lev'er (not shown) grasping a collar set in the groove in the sleeve in a manner precisely similar to that commonly employed for moving sleeves or clutches on revolving shafts. The

OR STRAINING APPARATUSQ' etters Patent No. 10,452 datedMarch 4, 1884.

Application for reissue filed January 28, 1884.

upper axial passage, Z, communicates through suitable openings, n, with the central hopper, H, and through it and the radial passages 0 o with the chamber 13.

The filtering-wall by which the body of the machine is divided into two annular compartmaterial f, held between two annular perforated plates v n, so that liquids under heavy direction with out displacing the filtering material. The chamber G has a number? of curved discharging-spouts, z, opening into it at its lower and outer edge, having their curves concave toward the axis of the machine and. connecting with the axial tube N by pipes z. n

At the juncture of each discharge-pipe z .the nozzle K, which projects into a trough (not shown) encircling the machine, by which faueet the discharge-pipe z may be put in communication either with the pipe 2 or with the nozzle K. The pipes z (and consequently the axial tube N) have each an independent communication with the chamber G through a pipes at, similar to those 2 of the chamberG has a horizontal nozzle, F, projecting into the arehidden from View in Fig. 1, but areshown in Fig. 2, which is a view of a portion of the face or periphery of the machine, and of which Fig. 1 is a section along the broken line a";

The levers of the faucets t t of each pair of suitable manner with a common operatingrod, c, which isconnected with and is moved and controlled by the sleeve.;cap D bymeans of the flexible connecting-baud c", passing around the friction-roller 6, supported by the. shoulder 3 on the axle vL and the xgerticali-rod'c,

hopper H and is attached at its upper extremity tothecap D, and at its lower extremity ments, B and G, is composed of the filteringtube, a, which opens into the latter through the top. The chamberBhas curved discharge- 1 discharge-pipes u and z are connected. in any which extends through the bottom of the pressures may pass through the same in either with its pipe 2 is a threeway faucet, t, bearing andthe same in number, each pipe 14- being 10- cated at the side of a pipe 2, but a little'nearer. the-axle of the machine, and, like thelatter,

encircling trough and a faucet, i, both of which tothc connecting-band 0". "When the cap D is raised, (whichmay be done, and also low cred, while the machine is in motion, as here inbefore described,) the levers of the faucets 5 mad t are pulled toward the axle, which opens the communication. between the dischargepipez and the nozzleK {breaking that between the former and the pipe '2) and closes the discharge-pipe The lowering of the cap D while the machine is revolving allows the centrifugal force, acting upon the rod 0 and the 1e- 1 vers of the faucets H, which may be weighted,-v

if necessary, to move the latter to the right, which opens the pipe u, so that the contents of the basket- 2. 6., chamber Bmay fiowinto the trough, and puts the discharge-pipe z in communication with the pipe .2 and axial tube N. If while the cap 11 is thus lowered the.

faucet T be revolved, so as to turn water, or other liquid, for that matter, into the axial tube N, the water willflow through the tubes N, z, and z, and also through the tubea into the chamber G, and thence through the filtering medium f into the basket or chamber B, and from it through the discharge-pipes u into the trough surrounding the machine.

By having the axial tube Z in communication through the upper bearing of the axle with a vacuum apparatus, a vacuum may be induced in the chamber B to assist the flow of i the liquid from G into B. V

- The curves in the di-schargepipes z and it serve as air-traps to prevent the flow of air through the pipes to destroy the vacuum, induced in G or B, as the case may be, for during the revolution of the machine a very considerable pressure will be required, owing to the centrifugal force developed by the rapid revolution of the machine, to force the liquid contained in the curves of the tubes out of the same, to permit the passage of air in either direction through the said tubes.

Having now described the construction of my machine, I will-describe the process oi fil tering a liquida sugar-liquor, for examplethrough the same. The cap D being raised, which closes the discharge-pipe u, and conmeets the discharge-pipe z with the nozzle K, and the valve T being turned so that a vacuum will be induced in the chamber G in virtue of its communication through the pipes a z, and the axial'tube N with the vacuum-inducing apparatus, the liquor to be filtered is run into the central hopper, H, whence it flows into centrifugal the basket B, and, urged by the force and the vacuum induced in the chamber G, filters through the filtering medium f into the chamber G, and flows thence through the pipe z into the encircling trdugh. The liquor is run into the hopper continuously and rapidlyenough to keep the chamber B and passages o ofilled as far back as the hopper H, in order to obtain as great a filtering-pressure as v possible. The pressure of the liquor upon-the filtering medium-that is, perunit of surfacedepends entirelyupou the radial depth of the 'dium f into the chamber B,

:encircling trough.

filtering medium and the chamber B the water 100 varied considerably in its details.

as great pressure is obtained with a radially 7o thin basket-or. chamber, 13,. and longradial tubes 0, of the machine shown in the drawings,

as if the chamber were deeper radially and the tubes 0 correspondingly shorter, and so, asfar as the pressure andth'e rate of filtration are concerned, the. chamber B maybe as thin ra; dially or as ,thick'as may beidesired. The thinner the chamber the less weight of liquor the machihe has to carry. When, at length, i

so much liquor has passed through the machine that the filtering medium begins to growv clogged, and the liquor to flow slowly from the pipes z, the flow of the liquor into the hopper is stopped, that in the chamber B is allowed to filter 0d, and then asmallquantity of water is run into the hopper to wash the remains of the liquor from the-filtering medium. This having been done, the cap D is lowered, the cock T is reversed so as toturn the water into the axial tube N, and the vacuum-inducing 0 v apparatus is put in'communication with the axial tube Zt'. 6., if thelatter has a connection with the vacuum apparatus. The water, urged by the centrifugal force and the vacuum 'in B, flows through the tubes z and zinto the chamber G, thence through the filtering meand finally from the latter it flows through the tube a into the In its passage through the thoroughly cleanses the former and washes from the latter the matters that may have collected therein during the filtration. This cleansing operation having been completed,-

the axial tube Z is shut off from the vacuum"1o5 apparatus, the cock T is turned so that the. communication of the axial tube N shall be with the vacuum a-pparatus and notiwith the water-main, the cap D is raised and the liquor is again run into the hopper H con inuously until the filtration again becomes s1 w, owing to the clogging of the filtering medium, and itbccomes necessaryto repeat theicleansing operation. Thus it is seen that without once stopping the machine the filtering and cleans- I I5 ing processes may alternate withggiach other until all the liquor has been filtere that it is wished to filter. The construction of this machine may be cated on the axle of the machine below the basket, withwhich hopper the pipes z'z and the axiah'tube h 'wouidcommunicate. This second hopper would also have a sleeve-capv similar to the cap I) of the hopper H, by which I 30. it might be closed tightly, and would he used toreceiye the washing-water as the hopper H Thus the no Again, a second central hopper might be 10- 1 5' p 10.4w a

does the liquor; and so in this case the axial tube N would only communicate with the vacuum apparatus through the step S. Again, the filtering-surface might be greatly increased nby having the perforated plates '0 o, and consequently the filtering medium, also deeply corrugated or waved. I have'omitted to state that access may be I had to the-interior of the annular body of [0 this machine by removing one or more sections of which the circular plate p, forming a part of the top of-the said annular body, is composed.

' Thus having described my invention and explained its operation, I claim as mine and desire to secure to myselfby Letters Patent of the United States z 1. In acentrifugal machine, an annularbas- ;ket, B, consisting of an annular hollow shell sup- 2' ported on the axial tubeby suitable radialsup-- ports, and whose outer wall consists of asieve 'or straining medium, in combination with a central hopper haying radial tubes or passages leading into the annular basketand making liqui d and air tight junctions with'the ,sage'safi'ordi'ng means for introducing aliquid or semi 'liquid into the basket while the machine is in motio'n,substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a centrifugal ma, chine, of a basket to hold the material to be drained .-o r filtered, a chamber or chambers surrounding the-basket'and revolving with it, into which the'draiued or filtered liquid flows from thebaskeiganddischarging-pipes through which theliquid may flow from the chamber or cliamberswhile the machine is in motion,

- substantially as specified.

3. The-combination, in a centrifugal machine, 'of two concentric chambers formed in the-annular body of the machine by an annular straining partition, and tubes leading from theouterchaniberand communicating,through the axle and bearing for-the same, withonc or more conduits, substantially as specified.

4. A centrifugal machine having an annu- "lar basket to hold the m'aterialto be drained or filtered, a chamber or chambers surrounding the basket and revolving with it, into which the filtered or strained liquid flows from the basket, in combination with any suitable vacuum apparatus communicating, th rough the bearing and axle of the machine, with the chamber or chambers surrounding the basket of the same, substantially as specified.

5. In a centrifugal machine, the combination, with the chamber surrounding and revolvingwith the basket, of discharge-pipes curved so that the liquid will, while the 'machine isrevolving, form air-traps and prevent any flow of air through the said pipes while the machine is in motion, substantially specified.

' 6. Thecombination of acentrifugal machine having a basket arranged to be tightly closed toward the axle, av suitable vacuum-inducing shell of thesame', the hopper and radial pas-.

apparatus, and an axial communication between the vacuum-inducing apparatus and the :which the mouth of the hopperrnay be closed,

substantially as specified. I I

9. The combination, in a cenllifugal machine, of an annular basket, for holding'the material to besubjected to'centrifugal force, and arranged to be tightly closed towardthe axle, a central hopper communicating with the annular basket through suitable passages, asleeve-capon the axle of the machine,by which the mouth of the central'hopper may be 0 closed. and an axial passage throughthe axle and bearing of the same, communicating with the annular basket, substantially as specified.

3.0. The combination, in a centrifugal machine, ot two concentric chambers formed in 5 the body ot the machine by an annular'strain: ing-partition, and two series of dischargee spouts of one or more spouts each, one series for each of the two chambers, substantially as described. p

11. The combination, iuacentrifugal machine, of' the outer annular chamber, G, inner annular chamber, B, and intervening straining medium, and discharging-spouts furnished with suitable faucets for the outer chamber, 105.

or for the inner chambe'r or for both chambers, substantially as specified.

12. The combination, in a'centrifugal machine, of two annular chambers and interven-' in g straining medium, discharge-spouts for the 1 1o outer chamber, faucets or valves for the said spouts, and means for operating the fan as or stautially as specified.

' 13. The combination, in a centrifugal 'ma- :1 5 chine, with the annular basket for holding the material to be strained, of a discharging spout or spouts, faucets or valves for the same, and means for operating the faucets or valves while the machine'is revolving, substantially no as specified.

14. The combination, in a centrifugal machine, of two concentric chambers and intervening straining medium,a series of dischargespouts-one or moreeacl1 having a suitable '125 faucet or valve; for the outer chamber, the same for the inner chamber, and mechanism for operating the cooks or valves of the two series of spouts while the machineis revolving, substantially as'specified. 4: 0

15. The combination, in a centrifugal ma-' I valves while the machine is revolving, subchine, of two concentric chambers,'interven- LII . ing-wall in either ing straining'wall, and means for introdu'cing a liquid into the outer chamber while the machine IS 111 motion.

16. The combination, in 'a centrifugal machine, of two concentric chambers, afilteringwall separating. the two, and means for-causing flow of liquid at will through the filterdirection -i. a, from either chamber into the other-substantially as speci-. fied.

17. In a centrifugal machine having its body divided into two concentric compartments by an annular filtering-wall, the combination,with the outer of-tl e two compartments, of the draining-spout z, nozzle K, pipe 2:, connecting with an axialitube, N, and the cock t,'for put= ting the draining-spout z in communication with either the nozzle K or pipe .2, substan-- tially as described.

13. In a centrifugal machine having its basket for holding the material to be strained or filtered surrounded by'a chamber, G, thecom-' v pipes a, opening into the chamber through the' top and counnuuicat-ing with a passage through the axle and bearing of the machine, and dischargi ng ports or spouts for the chamber at the bot;

tom of the same, substantially'as specified.

19. In :i centrifugal machine having its basket for holding the material to be strained or filtered encircled nation, with the chamber, of means fol-intro bya chamber,-G, the combidu'cing a liquid into itat the top while the machine is revolving, and ports or means for the escapevof the liquid from the, bottom of the chamber, substantially assp'ecified;

20. In a centrifugal. machine, the combination, with the basket for holding the material to be strained, iof'nieans or I'nechanism for drawing off liquid or semi-fluid matters from the basket while the machine is revolving independently of the permeable straining-wall or periphery of the basket, substantially'as specified.

21. The within-described process of removing the matter c'ollected'inthe basket B of =1 centrifugalimachinc, consisting in washing the same from the basket-"through suitable discharging-spouts, of liquid, caused to flow through the filtering, wall into the basket and out :of it' through the said-spouts, substantiallyas specified.

22. The within-described prfocess'of cleans ing the filtering medium of centrifugal niachine, consisting in causing a. floyvof cleansas u, by ineans of--a current ,55 ingrliquid through the said filtering medium-- ma direction contrary tothat of the filtration.

th rough the agency of the centrifugal '-force developed by S. MORRIS BILLIE. Witnesses: I e

' .PAUL E. SEEBER; Jos: 1. TAYLOR;

the revolution-of the machine, substantially as-specifiedx

Images