USPP9753P - Avocado tree called Lamb/Hass - Google Patents
Avocado tree called Lamb/Hass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP9753P USPP9753P US08/483,610 US48361095V US9753P US PP9753 P USPP9753 P US PP9753P US 48361095 V US48361095 V US 48361095V US 9753 P US9753 P US 9753P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hass
- lamb
- fruit
- tree
- avocado tree
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000008673 Persea americana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 240000002426 Persea americana var. drymifolia Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000025272 Persea americana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000300264 Spinacia oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005094 fruit set Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000009084 Cold Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000587161 Gomphocarpus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007265 Myrrhis odorata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000851137 Oligonychus perseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004760 Pimpinella anisum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012550 Pimpinella anisum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000726445 Viroids Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/52—Lauraceae, e.g. avocado
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/47—Strap-end-attaching devices
- Y10T24/4736—Buckle connected
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
- Y10T292/65—Braces
- Y10T292/67—Portable
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of avocado tree (Persea americana), designated ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ .
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is a seedling selection from an open pollinated breeding cross with the ⁇ Gwen ⁇ avocado cultivar (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,298) as the maternal parent.
- the ⁇ Gwen ⁇ variety has been described as a "grandchild" of ⁇ Hass ⁇ , the currently dominant commercial avocado in both California and the world.
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ has several distinguishing characteristics which make it commercially valuable. For example, its appearance is uniquely similar to ⁇ Hass ⁇ and consumers will identify ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ as a ⁇ Hass ⁇ type avocado. In addition, the performance of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ exceeds that of ⁇ Hass ⁇ . Data collected from several sites, including University of California property and commercial groves show that the new variety continuously yields an increase of 50% above ⁇ Hass ⁇ . Statistical documentation of yield is approximately four years from early completion but is currently in progress with respect to ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ .
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ Another feature of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is that its season of maturity is later in the year than ⁇ Hass ⁇ . This means the growers will have the option of extending ⁇ Hass ⁇ -type production of avocados throughout the year and to obtain the affiliated benefits of extending the production season.
- FIG. 1 shows a frontal and side view typical of the fruit of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ . Cut fruit with seed is illustrated with uncut fruit showing black finely-pebbled skin.
- FIG. 2 shows cut and uncut fruit typical of the ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ variety and illustrates the variable shapes of the fruit.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a typical tree of the ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ variety and shows a tree more columnar and denser than that of the ⁇ Hass ⁇ variety.
- FIG. 4 shows the heavy clustered set of the fruit of new variety.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 depict typical fruit of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ and ⁇ Hass ⁇ and illustrate the less elongate shape of the fruit of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ as compared with ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- Fruit is pear shape with a distinctive flat top or a flat "shoulder.” Ripe fruit color is black, and unripe fruit is green mostly indistinguishable from ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- the fruit size varies with crop size, but is typically larger than ⁇ Hass ⁇ relative to yield (280-320 grams).
- Fruit shape varies in all avocados with distance from the ocean and from fruit to fruit on a given tree. ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ and ⁇ Hass ⁇ will thus have overlapping fruit shapes. Fruit size also overlaps among ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ and ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ will be able to capitalize on the market recognition of the ⁇ Hass ⁇ variety which is now dominant in the industry.
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ based upon 1995 production results had a range of yield of 29-198 fruits per tree with a mean of 108.
- the ⁇ Hass ⁇ range was 0-49 fruits per tree with a mean of 31 and the fruits were smaller than ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ .
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ produced a commercial crop just two years from planting which is considered remarkable for avocados.
- the roughness of the skin is finely-pebbled, typically less rough than ⁇ Hass ⁇ , otherwise very similar.
- the skin thickness is medium-plus, thicker than ⁇ Hass ⁇ and slightly less pliable--more often breaking when peeled back from the flesh, as compared with ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- the peel separation from the flesh is clean, similar to ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- the flesh color is virtually identical with ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- the flesh fibers are both common and pronounced as compared to ⁇ Hass ⁇ , particularly in small-sized fruit.
- the seed size and adherence to flesh is similar to ⁇ Hass ⁇ . Overall, the flesh quality is "good".
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is said to exhibit upright tendencies, at least more so than ⁇ Hass ⁇ , but this can be substantially influenced by pruning. Like ⁇ Hass ⁇ , ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is a vigorous grower more so than its parent ⁇ Gwen ⁇ . Under conditions where the ⁇ Hass ⁇ tree might have a height and spread of 8 m, ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ might be 7 m tall and 5 m wide. Branching of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is quite similar to ⁇ Hass ⁇ including major scaffolds. Tree bark is also not discriminative.
- Water sprouts are not a phenomenon of normal, healthy avocado trees.
- the canopy density of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is greater than that of ⁇ Hass ⁇ . Excessive pruning does not induce wild branching.
- the leaf color of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is distinctly darker than ⁇ Hass ⁇ , resembling varieties like ⁇ Bacon ⁇ and ⁇ Reed ⁇ , the third and fourth leading commercial cultivars. Young leaf anthocyanin pigment is present varying from light to moderate.
- Leaf color of ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ varies widely with leaf age, location on the tree, light exposure and individual nutrition.
- ⁇ Hass ⁇ averages spinach green, 000960.
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ is darker than ⁇ Hass ⁇ averaging ivory green 0001060/2.
- Leaf shape is elliptical to slightly ovate with acute tips.
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ leaves have an acute base whereas ⁇ Hass ⁇ is slightly more obtuse. Anise fragrance has not been detected in the stems or leaf.
- Pedicels fruit stalks
- Average pedicel length and width is 7 ⁇ 1 cm.
- the pedicel point of attachment is centrally located on the apex of the fruit, more so than ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- the flower type is ⁇ A ⁇ , the same as ⁇ Hass ⁇ , and bloom is similarly timed in spring. Inflorescences are not helpfully different between ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ and ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- Fruit set frequently occurs in clusters and is evenly distributed throughout the tree. Production occurs more regularly, less alternate, than ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
- Fruit stems are exceptionally short in ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ (about 7 cm) and shorter than the average stems of ⁇ Hass ⁇ . Otherwise the stems of the two varieties are similar. Only the stub of a stem is depicted in the drawing because the rest has been cut off as is normally done with commercial fruits.
- ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ and ⁇ Hass ⁇ have fruit which is commonly green when picked; unlike other commercial California avocados, ⁇ Lamb/Hass ⁇ fruits turn black as they ripen to edible softness as does ⁇ Hass ⁇ .
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of avocado tree characterized by its production capacity similar to `Gwen`, i.e., greater than `Hass` and a season similar to `Gwen`, i.e., later maturing than `Hass`. The skin color and texture is like that of its "Great-grandparent," `Hass`, and flavor is rated good to very good.
Description
This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of avocado tree (Persea americana), designated `Lamb/Hass`.
`Lamb/Hass` is a seedling selection from an open pollinated breeding cross with the `Gwen` avocado cultivar (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,298) as the maternal parent. The `Gwen` variety has been described as a "grandchild" of `Hass`, the currently dominant commercial avocado in both California and the world.
`Lamb/Hass` has been asexually propagated by grafting budwood onto rootstocks in the nursery and directly in the field.
`Lamb/Hass` was first asexually propagated on the Ventura County Camarillo Ranch of Robert Lamb, L Block, trees 109 and 116 in May of 1989.
`Lamb/Hass` has several distinguishing characteristics which make it commercially valuable. For example, its appearance is uniquely similar to `Hass` and consumers will identify `Lamb/Hass` as a `Hass` type avocado. In addition, the performance of `Lamb/Hass` exceeds that of `Hass`. Data collected from several sites, including University of California property and commercial groves show that the new variety continuously yields an increase of 50% above `Hass`. Statistical documentation of yield is approximately four years from early completion but is currently in progress with respect to `Lamb/Hass`. Another feature of `Lamb/Hass` is that its season of maturity is later in the year than `Hass`. This means the growers will have the option of extending `Hass`-type production of avocados throughout the year and to obtain the affiliated benefits of extending the production season.
Early indications are that `Lamb/Hass` has at least some resistance to the industry's newest and most severe pest, namely, persea mite.
In the drawings
FIG. 1 shows a frontal and side view typical of the fruit of `Lamb/Hass`. Cut fruit with seed is illustrated with uncut fruit showing black finely-pebbled skin.
FIG. 2 shows cut and uncut fruit typical of the `Lamb/Hass` variety and illustrates the variable shapes of the fruit.
FIG. 3 illustrates a typical tree of the `Lamb/Hass` variety and shows a tree more columnar and denser than that of the `Hass` variety.
FIG. 4, shows the heavy clustered set of the fruit of new variety.
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 depict typical fruit of `Lamb/Hass` and `Hass` and illustrate the less elongate shape of the fruit of `Lamb/Hass` as compared with `Hass`.
Fruit is pear shape with a distinctive flat top or a flat "shoulder." Ripe fruit color is black, and unripe fruit is green mostly indistinguishable from `Hass`. The fruit size varies with crop size, but is typically larger than `Hass` relative to yield (280-320 grams). Fruit shape varies in all avocados with distance from the ocean and from fruit to fruit on a given tree. `Lamb/Hass` and `Hass` will thus have overlapping fruit shapes. Fruit size also overlaps among `Lamb/Hass` and `Hass`. Combining this with the joint black ripe skin color, `Lamb/Hass` will be able to capitalize on the market recognition of the `Hass` variety which is now dominant in the industry. `Lamb/Hass`, based upon 1995 production results had a range of yield of 29-198 fruits per tree with a mean of 108. The `Hass` range was 0-49 fruits per tree with a mean of 31 and the fruits were smaller than `Lamb/Hass`. Further, `Lamb/Hass` produced a commercial crop just two years from planting which is considered remarkable for avocados. The roughness of the skin is finely-pebbled, typically less rough than `Hass`, otherwise very similar. Russeting is almost nonexistent. The skin thickness is medium-plus, thicker than `Hass` and slightly less pliable--more often breaking when peeled back from the flesh, as compared with `Hass`. The peel separation from the flesh is clean, similar to `Hass`. The flesh color is virtually identical with `Hass`. The flesh fibers are both common and pronounced as compared to `Hass`, particularly in small-sized fruit. The seed size and adherence to flesh is similar to `Hass`. Overall, the flesh quality is "good". In the `Hass` "late" season, the quality of `Lamb/Hass` relative to `Hass` is "very good." `Lamb/Hass` has a less rich, milder flavor than `Hass.` Flavor is considered inferior to `Hass` by some consumers while considered superior by others. In oil content, initial data indicate that `Lamb/Hass` is about 2/3 of the `Hass` level early in the season (March-May) increasing to about 3/4 of `Hass` in July and then, as `Lamb/Hass` reaches its later prime about September, it is about 9/10 of the oil content of `Hass`. Two seasons of preliminary post-harvest fruit storage data suggest that `Lamb/Hass` compares equally with the `Hass` standard.
Individual differences in tree form and leaf foliage are frequently subtle and generally nondescript. `Lamb/Hass` is said to exhibit upright tendencies, at least more so than `Hass`, but this can be substantially influenced by pruning. Like `Hass`, `Lamb/Hass` is a vigorous grower more so than its parent `Gwen`. Under conditions where the `Hass` tree might have a height and spread of 8 m, `Lamb/Hass` might be 7 m tall and 5 m wide. Branching of `Lamb/Hass` is quite similar to `Hass` including major scaffolds. Tree bark is also not discriminative. Water sprouts are not a phenomenon of normal, healthy avocado trees. The canopy density of`Lamb/Hass` is greater than that of `Hass`. Excessive pruning does not induce wild branching. The leaf color of `Lamb/Hass` is distinctly darker than `Hass`, resembling varieties like `Bacon` and `Reed`, the third and fourth leading commercial cultivars. Young leaf anthocyanin pigment is present varying from light to moderate. Leaf color of `Lamb/Hass` varies widely with leaf age, location on the tree, light exposure and individual nutrition. The typical immature leaf according to The Horticultural Colour Chart, Wilson Colour, Ltd., would be lettuce green, 861/2 with commonly a reddish-brown overlay. For immature leaves, `Hass` averages spinach green, 000960. `Lamb/Hass` is darker than `Hass` averaging ivory green 0001060/2. Leaf shape is elliptical to slightly ovate with acute tips. `Lamb/Hass` leaves have an acute base whereas `Hass` is slightly more obtuse. Anise fragrance has not been detected in the stems or leaf. Pedicels (fruit stalks) are cylindrical to slightly conical, with no "nail head" flange at the point of attachment. Average pedicel length and width is 7×1 cm. The pedicel point of attachment is centrally located on the apex of the fruit, more so than `Hass`. The flower type is `A`, the same as `Hass`, and bloom is similarly timed in spring. Inflorescences are not helpfully different between `Lamb/Hass` and `Hass`. Fruit set frequently occurs in clusters and is evenly distributed throughout the tree. Production occurs more regularly, less alternate, than `Hass`. Fruit stems are exceptionally short in `Lamb/Hass` (about 7 cm) and shorter than the average stems of `Hass`. Otherwise the stems of the two varieties are similar. Only the stub of a stem is depicted in the drawing because the rest has been cut off as is normally done with commercial fruits.
It is impossible to assign very meaningful distinctions of `Lamb/Hass` based upon color of skin. The basic green skin color of unripe fruit not only varies of itself but differs as to the time of fruit set and location on the tree and according to geographic location and the degree of maturity. `Lamb/Hass` fruit skin turns dark purple upon ripening and, therefore, is referred to in the trade as "black" or `Hass`-like. The skin of avocado fruits of `Lamb/Hass` becomes deeper green as the fruits develop, and are a spinach green, 000960 at maturity, close to the color of a mature `Hass` leaf. `Lamb/Hass` and `Hass` have fruit which is commonly green when picked; unlike other commercial California avocados, `Lamb/Hass` fruits turn black as they ripen to edible softness as does `Hass`.
With respect to pests and diseases not previously described, `Lamb/Hass` is no more nor less susceptible than standard `Hass`. The same is also true with respect to cold injury, with both varieties classified as "tender". The mother tree and two select grafted trees have been shown to be free of the viroid "Sublotch", as determined by the California State Department of Agriculture, through a procedure referred to as "indexing".
Claims (1)
1. The new and distinct variety of avocado tree herein described and illustrated and identified by the characteristics enumerated above.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/483,610 USPP9753P (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1995-06-07 | Avocado tree called Lamb/Hass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/483,610 USPP9753P (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1995-06-07 | Avocado tree called Lamb/Hass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USPP9753P true USPP9753P (en) | 1996-12-17 |
Family
ID=23920781
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/483,610 Expired - Lifetime USPP9753P (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1995-06-07 | Avocado tree called Lamb/Hass |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USPP9753P (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/483,610 patent/USPP9753P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF, THE REGENTS, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARTIN, GRAY E.;BERGH, BERTHOLD O.;REEL/FRAME:007973/0932 Effective date: 19950418 Owner name: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSTIY OF CALIFORNIA, THE, CALI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARTIN, GRAY E.;BERGH, BERTHOLD O.;REEL/FRAME:007973/0932 Effective date: 19950418 |