USPP8954P - Cherry rootstock GI 148/1 - Google Patents

Cherry rootstock GI 148/1 Download PDF

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Publication number
USPP8954P
USPP8954P US07/922,123 US92212392V US8954P US PP8954 P USPP8954 P US PP8954P US 92212392 V US92212392 V US 92212392V US 8954 P US8954 P US 8954P
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year
mean
tree
branches
rootstock
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US07/922,123
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Werner Gruppe
Hanna Schmidt
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Consortium Deutscher Baumschulen GmbH
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Inter Plant Patent Marketing Inc
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Assigned to INTER-PLANT PATENT MARKETING, INC. reassignment INTER-PLANT PATENT MARKETING, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: Gruppe, Werner , Schmidt, Hanna
Assigned to INTER-PLANT PATENT MARKETING, INC. reassignment INTER-PLANT PATENT MARKETING, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: Gruppe, Werner , Schmidt, Hanna
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Assigned to SOCIETY, BANK, MICHIGAN reassignment SOCIETY, BANK, MICHIGAN MMEMORANDUM OF SECURITY INT. Assignors: HILLTOP NURSERIES, L.L.C.
Assigned to CONSORTIUM DEUTSCHER BAUMSCHULEN GMBH reassignment CONSORTIUM DEUTSCHER BAUMSCHULEN GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INTER-PLANT PATENT MARKETING, INC.
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
    • A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds
    • A01H6/7445—Cherries
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H5/08—Fruits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/687—By tool reciprocable along elongated edge
    • Y10T83/69—Stored energy furnishes drive in one direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8821—With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
    • Y10T83/8841—Tool driver movable relative to tool support
    • Y10T83/885—Fixed axis lever

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to cherry trees and more specifically to a new and distinct variety of cherry hybrid tree which is particularly useful as a rootstock.
  • the new and distinct variety of cherry hybrid tree of the present invention was bred by the inventor as a cross of Prunus cerasus cv. Scmorelle with Prunus canescens in Giessen, Germany. It has been successfully assexually propagated by softwood cuttings with mist at Giessen University, Giessen, Germany, and has been observed to remain true to the description set forth herein. In one test planting in Kassel, Germany, 148/1 was chip-budded with a mean success of 72%.
  • the new and distinct cultivar of cherry rootstock which has been given the designation GI 148/1 produces a tree which is generally erect and medium strong in growth, and which upon grafting produces a dwarf tree.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a branch and bloom of GI 148/1.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates GI 148/1 flowers.
  • FIG. 3 is a whole tree view of 148/1.
  • GI 148/1 as used as a rootstock for sweet cherry trees induces dwarfing to a significant degree. In comparison with rootstock F12/1, GI 148/1 produces 67 percent of growth, as measured as the weight of the upper tree parts of cv. Hedelfinger after 12 years in orchards near Giessen, Germany. Precosity, high production of fruit and yield efficiency, good 100-fruit weight and no or very few suckers were induced. GI 148/1 as a rootstock confers earlier and heavier bearing to the scion as compared to F12/1. In one trial it induced a yield in the variety "Hedelfinger" in the 5th leaf of 5.0 kg/tree (cf.
  • GI 148/1 itself is generally erect and medium strong in growth. After ten growing seasons near Giessen, Germany, GI 148/1 demonstrated a height of 3.60 meters and a width of 3.20 meters. The growth reduction induced by 148/1 is more pronounced in good soil; in poor soil trees reach nearly the same height as F12/1. Comparison of tree height, 6th leaf, variety "Buttners Rote Knorpel" at Witzenhausen-Wendershausen (poor soil) and Hattersheim (very good soil) is as follows:
  • Base shape --Rounded, slightly acute.
  • Pubescence --Very slightly pubescent on adaxial surface (top), slightly pubescent on abaxial surface, most along veins.
  • Thickness of one year branch --2.0 mm diameters.
  • Lenticels.--On 1-year old branches are light cream colored, 0.5 mm diameter. Color of 1-year old branch: greyed organe, Fan 4, 166-A (R.H.S.). Color of 2-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 165-A (R.H.S.). Color of 3-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 165-A (R.H.S.). Color of 4-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 175-A (R.H.S.).
  • Shape --Conical, somewhat rounded, adpressed, 2-3 mm long.
  • Root system Exceptional total length of roots and a high percentge of very thin roots.
  • Rooted out.--Apr. 1988 (after 12 years in orchard) mean values of two trees compared with means values of three trees F12/1 standard.
  • Enzyme polymorphism (Studied by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis of leaf tissue of 8 loci.) The results for the siblings of 148 are:

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The new and distinct cultivar of cherry rootsock, which has been given the designation GI 148/1 produces a tree which is generally erect and medium strong in growth, and which upon grafting produces a dwarf tree.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to cherry trees and more specifically to a new and distinct variety of cherry hybrid tree which is particularly useful as a rootstock.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The new and distinct variety of cherry hybrid tree of the present invention was bred by the inventor as a cross of Prunus cerasus cv. Schattenmorelle with Prunus canescens in Giessen, Germany. It has been successfully assexually propagated by softwood cuttings with mist at Giessen University, Giessen, Germany, and has been observed to remain true to the description set forth herein. In one test planting in Kassel, Germany, 148/1 was chip-budded with a mean success of 72%.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The new and distinct cultivar of cherry rootstock, which has been given the designation GI 148/1 produces a tree which is generally erect and medium strong in growth, and which upon grafting produces a dwarf tree.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates a branch and bloom of GI 148/1.
FIG. 2 illustrates GI 148/1 flowers.
FIG. 3 is a whole tree view of 148/1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
GI 148/1 as used as a rootstock for sweet cherry trees induces dwarfing to a significant degree. In comparison with rootstock F12/1, GI 148/1 produces 67 percent of growth, as measured as the weight of the upper tree parts of cv. Hedelfinger after 12 years in orchards near Giessen, Germany. Precosity, high production of fruit and yield efficiency, good 100-fruit weight and no or very few suckers were induced. GI 148/1 as a rootstock confers earlier and heavier bearing to the scion as compared to F12/1. In one trial it induced a yield in the variety "Hedelfinger" in the 5th leaf of 5.0 kg/tree (cf. F12/1: 0.2 kg/tree) and in the 7th leaf of 22.1 kg/tree (Cf. F12/1: 5.7 kg/tree). As a mean of 7 years, 100-fruit weight of "Hedelfinger" grafted on 148/1 was 748 grams, and on F12/1 it was only 735 grams.
GI 148/1 itself is generally erect and medium strong in growth. After ten growing seasons near Giessen, Germany, GI 148/1 demonstrated a height of 3.60 meters and a width of 3.20 meters. The growth reduction induced by 148/1 is more pronounced in good soil; in poor soil trees reach nearly the same height as F12/1. Comparison of tree height, 6th leaf, variety "Buttners Rote Knorpel" at Witzenhausen-Wendershausen (poor soil) and Hattersheim (very good soil) is as follows:
______________________________________                                    
         Rootstock                                                        
Location   148/1        F12/1   Colt                                      
______________________________________                                    
Witzenhausen                                                              
           350 cm       354 cm  340 cm                                    
Hattersheim                                                               
           388 cm       482 cm  465 cm                                    
______________________________________
The following varieties of sweet and sour cherries have been successfully grafted onto GI 148/1: Hedelfinger Riesenkirsche, Buttners Rote Knorpel, Grosse Schwarze Knorpel, Van, Gold, Ulster, Bing, Early Burlat, Emperor Francis, Querfurter Konigskirsche, Napoleon, Rainier, Sam, Schmidt, merton Glory, Alma, Meckenheimer Fruhe, Oktavia, Valeska, Spalding, Schneiders Spate Knorpel, Stella, Vega, Vic, Viva, Windsor, Hudson, Lambert; Montmorency, Meteor, Rubinweichsel, Morellenfeuer, North Star, Schattenmorelle, Rheinische Schattenmorelle, Ludwigs Fruhe, Leitzkauer, Nabella, Successa, Schwabische Weinweichsel. No graft incompatibility is presently known.
148/1 is tolerant to both viruses PNRV and PDV and medium sensitive to "Pfeffinger disease." It is tolerant to water logging and has sufficient frost hardiness.
Ploidy of 148/1 is believed to be 2n=3x=24. The ploidy status of the parents has been investigated by isoemzyme analysis and is tetraploid (2n=4x=32) for the mother plant=Prunus certasus "Schattenmorelle", and diploid (2n=2x=16) for the father plant=Prunus canescens.
Leaves:
Overall shape.--Ovate.
Length-to-width ratio.--1.6.
Apex shape.--Acute to slightly acuminate.
Base shape.--Rounded, slightly acute.
Leaf serration.--Doubly serrate leaf margin, secondary notches are small.
Venation.--Pinnate, 11-13 veins, mainly alternate.
Stipules.--Prominent, at base of petiole during growing season.
Glands.--Rounded, attached to base of blade or adjacent petiole, 2-3 prominent plus 1-2 rudimentary.
Pubescence.--Very slightly pubescent on adaxial surface (top), slightly pubescent on abaxial surface, most along veins.
Color.--Green, Fan 3 143A (R.H.S. -- The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart).
Branches:
Thickness of one year branch.--2.0 mm diameters.
Color.--Redbrown-grey.
Canopy area.--88% of F12/1.
Lenticels.--On 1-year old branches are light cream colored, 0.5 mm diameter. Color of 1-year old branch: greyed organe, Fan 4, 166-A (R.H.S.). Color of 2-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 165-A (R.H.S.). Color of 3-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 165-A (R.H.S.). Color of 4-year old branch: greyed orange, Fan 4, 175-A (R.H.S.).
Buds: No ornamental value.
Shape.--Conical, somewhat rounded, adpressed, 2-3 mm long.
Bud scales.--Overlapping bud scales, smooth, with prominent leaf scars.
Flowers: Late flowering.
Abundance.--Heavy.
Petal color.--White.
Petal shape.--Nearly round.
Petal length.--1:1.
Filaments.--Coarse, erect.
Fruits:
Size.--Medium.
Form.--Round.
Stem length.--Medium.
Skin color.--Red.
Flesh Color.--Yellow.
Juice color.--Light.
Flesh texture.--Very soft.
Taste.--Bitter sweet.
Stone size.--Medium.
Overall vigor:
Ungrafted.--Medium strong vigor.
Suckers.--No suckers in unworked condition; few suckers grafted with "Hedelfinger".
Support.--No support required.
Root system: Exceptional total length of roots and a high percentge of very thin roots.
Survey of growth data: Growth of clones, not grafted, 60 kilometers south of Giessen, Germany.
Planted.--Autumn 1972; cut down to the ground Spring 1982.
Measurements.--After 10 years: -- height 3.6 meters. -- width 3.2 meters. -- depth 3.5 meters. -- fresh weight 32.8 kg.
General.--Medium strong growing, broad. Growth of clones grafted with "Hedelfinger Riesenkirsche" 60 kilometers south of Giessen, Germany.
Planted.--Nov. 1975.
Rooted out.--Apr. 1988 (after 12 years in orchard) mean values of two trees compared with means values of three trees F12/1 standard.
______________________________________                                    
                GI 148/1  F12/1                                           
______________________________________                                    
Height of Crown   3.3 m       5.2 m                                       
(Winter 87/88)                                                            
Width of Crown    5.2 m       6.2 m                                       
(Winter 87/88)                                                            
Stem Cross Sectional                                                      
                  492 cm.sup.2                                            
                              503 cm.sup.2                                
Area of Variety                                                           
(Winter 87/88)                                                            
Stem Cross Sectional                                                      
                  266 cm.sup.2                                            
                              486 cm.sup.2                                
Area of Rootstock                                                         
(Winter 87/88)                                                            
Fresh Weight of Plant                                                     
                  118 kg      176 kg                                      
Parts Above Ground                                                        
(April 88)                                                                
Weight in Percent 67%         100%                                        
______________________________________
Characteristics of leaves: (situated on the wood of that year) measured 1977=in the 5th leaf and compared with F12/1:
Mean length of leaves was.--5.5 cm (F12/1: 10.7 cm).
Mean width of leaves was .--3.4 cm (F12/1: 5.3 cm).
Mean length of petioles was.--0.9 cm (F12/1: 2.6 cm).
Dates.--Of blooming were systematically studied for three years as follows: Heldenbergen, 60 km south of Giessen: 1973: Apr. 26. 1974: Apr. 9. 1975: Apr. 29.
Branch dimensions (For a single GI 148/1 plant in the ungrafted condition measured in the end of 1977=after the 5th leaf; in brackets data for F12/1 for comparison.):
Mean length of 1-year-old branches.--22.8 cm (19.8).
Mean length of 2-year-old branches.--17.2 cm (35.0).
Mean length of 3-year-old branches.--50.8 cm (63.2).
Mean diameter of 1-year-old branches.--2.0 mm (3.4).
Mean diameter of 2-year-old branches.--3.2 mm (5.8).
Mean diameter of 3-year-old branches.--5.8 mm (10.1).
Mean no. of branches from 2-year-old branches.--0.2 (0.7).
Mean no. of branches from 3-year-old branches.--(2.4).
Mean no. of nodes of 2-year-old branches.--8.4 (15.3).
Mean no. of nodes of 3-year-old branches.--21.4 (22.4).
Mean angle of 3-year old branches.--61.0 (59.7).
Mean angle of 4-year old branches.--55.0 (58.3).
Enzyme polymorphism: (Studied by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis of leaf tissue of 8 loci.) The results for the siblings of 148 are:
______________________________________                                    
Locus                148/1   148/8                                        
______________________________________                                    
Aconitase-2           24      2                                           
Alkoholdehydrogenase-1                                                    
                     112      1                                           
Isocitratdehydrogenase-2                                                  
                     112     112                                          
Leucinaminopeptidase-1                                                    
                      34      34                                          
5-Phosphogluconat-   112     112                                          
Dehydrogenase-1                                                           
6-Phosphogluconat-   122     122                                          
Dehydrogenase-2                                                           
Phophoglucose-Isomerase-2                                                 
                     224     224                                          
Phosphoglucomutase-2  25      25                                          
______________________________________

Claims (1)

Whate is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct variety of charry hybrid tree as described herein.
US07/922,123 1992-07-29 1992-07-29 Cherry rootstock GI 148/1 Expired - Lifetime USPP8954P (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USPP9623P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-13 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 148/9
USPP9622P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-13 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 148/2
USPP9630P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-20 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 195/1
USPP9631P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-20 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 195/2
US20030217400P1 (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-11-20 Guennadi Eremin Prunus plant named 'VSL-2'
USPP18825P2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-20 Griggs Marcus J Cherry tree named ‘MG 200’
CN103155868A (en) * 2011-12-10 2013-06-19 天水市果树研究所 Rapid seeding raising method of cherry rootstock ZY-1 tissue culture
CN103155869A (en) * 2011-12-10 2013-06-19 天水市果树研究所 Sweet cherry rootstock Colt tissue culture method
USPP30473P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2019-05-07 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree rootstock named ‘Crawford’
USPP30553P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2019-06-04 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree rootstock named ‘Cass’
USPP32852P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2021-03-02 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘Clare’
USPP34682P2 (en) 2021-12-08 2022-10-25 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘King’
USPP34683P2 (en) 2021-12-08 2022-10-25 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘Lincoln’

Non-Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Cherry Rootstock NC 140, 1990. *
Cherry Rootstock NC-140, 1990.
German publication GIESSEN 1991 Green Book. *
German publication GIESSEN 1991 Red Book. *
Miscellaneous German Test Data. *
Newspaper clipping dated Sturday, Feb. 15, 1992. *
R. L. Perry (1987) In: Rootstucks for fruit crops, R. C. Rom & R. F. Carlson, eds., pp. 251 254. *
R. L. Perry (1987) In: Rootstucks for fruit crops, R. C. Rom & R. F. Carlson, eds., pp. 251-254.
Registration documents for 173/9 and 148/2. *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USPP9623P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-13 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 148/9
USPP9622P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-13 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 148/2
USPP9630P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-20 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 195/1
USPP9631P (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-20 Inter-Plant Patent Marketing, Inc. Cherry rootstock GI 195/2
US20030217400P1 (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-11-20 Guennadi Eremin Prunus plant named 'VSL-2'
USPP15723P3 (en) * 2002-01-11 2005-04-19 Krymsk Breeding Station Prunus plant named ‘VSL-2’
USPP18825P2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-20 Griggs Marcus J Cherry tree named ‘MG 200’
CN103155868A (en) * 2011-12-10 2013-06-19 天水市果树研究所 Rapid seeding raising method of cherry rootstock ZY-1 tissue culture
CN103155869A (en) * 2011-12-10 2013-06-19 天水市果树研究所 Sweet cherry rootstock Colt tissue culture method
USPP30473P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2019-05-07 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree rootstock named ‘Crawford’
USPP30553P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2019-06-04 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree rootstock named ‘Cass’
USPP32852P3 (en) 2016-10-31 2021-03-02 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘Clare’
USPP34682P2 (en) 2021-12-08 2022-10-25 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘King’
USPP34683P2 (en) 2021-12-08 2022-10-25 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Cherry tree (rootstock) named ‘Lincoln’

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