USPP8659P - Strawberry plant called Anaheim - Google Patents
Strawberry plant called Anaheim Download PDFInfo
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- USPP8659P USPP8659P US08/041,634 US4163493V US8659P US PP8659 P USPP8659 P US PP8659P US 4163493 V US4163493 V US 4163493V US 8659 P US8659 P US 8659P
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- anaheim
- chandler
- fruit
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- similar
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 244000307700 Fragaria vesca Species 0.000 title description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010044467 Isoenzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000002704 Leucyl aminopeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010004098 Leucyl aminopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000009569 Phosphoglucomutase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091000115 phosphomannomutase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001294742 Podosphaera macularis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001421802 Ramularia grevilleana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001454294 Tetranychus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7409—Fragaria, i.e. strawberries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new and distinctive short-day type cultivar designated as ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ , which resulted from a cross performed in 1988 between the cultivar ⁇ Irvine ⁇ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,172) and advanced selection Cal 85.92-602.
- FIG. 1 shows the general flowering and fruiting characteristics of the plant
- FIG. 2 shows a typical mature leaf during late spring
- FIG. 3 shows representative mid-season fruit.
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is typical of short-day types and produces fruit over an extended period when treated appropriately in arid, subtropical climates.
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ differs from ⁇ Irvine ⁇ primarily in that ⁇ Irvine ⁇ is a day-neutral type and not a short-day type. Also ⁇ Irvine ⁇ has essentially no photoperiodic flowering response and is more difficult to grow by comparison with ⁇ Anaheim. ⁇
- the production pattern for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is similar to that for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,262), although its production initiates earlier and persists somewhat later in the season in cool mediterranean climates.
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ will be of special interest for winter plantings, where ⁇ Chandler ⁇ has been successful, and in summer plantings where ⁇ Pajaro ⁇ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,538) has been successful. Because of its late-season production, ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ , is likely to be adapted to production objectives in central California.
- Plants and foliage Fruiting plants of ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ are larger, more erect, and more vigorous than plants of ⁇ Chandler ⁇ , and are generally similar in form to plants of ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,578). ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ forms branch crowns in greater quantity than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ with similar or greater branching than ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ . When propagated in the nursery, ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ has similar or greater runner production capacity compared with ⁇ Chandler ⁇ . Comparative statistics for foliar characters, including leaf color, near mid-season are given for the three cultivars in Table 1, with visual comparisons of leaf color to the Munsell color scale (Nickerson Color Fan) given in Table 5.
- Leaf color is distinctly lighter on the underside for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ ; the differential is larger than for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and similar to that for ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ .
- Individual leaflets for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ are larger and somewhat more elongated than for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ , and are less rounded than for ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ .
- Leaves (including petioles) are longer and much broader than for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ . Petioles are thicker and more stiff than those of ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and are similar to those of ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ .
- Paired stipules borne in a median position on the petiole, appear as small, stalked, ovate to heart-shaped structures on most leaves for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ and the comparison cultivars. Stipule size varies greatly both within and among individual plants for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ , and one or both stipules may be absent or may abscise as the leaf matures.
- Leaf and petiole pubescence characters for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ are similar to those for ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ , except that tomentum on leaves are substantially less dense. Also, leaves for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ are darker than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and similar in color to, but slightly darker than, those of ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ .
- Isozymes in leaf extracts ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ has been classified for three isozyme systems using starch gel electrophoresis (Table 2): Phosophoglucoisomerase (PGI), Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP), and Phosphoglucomutase (PGM). It is distinguishable from all other short-day cultivars released to date except ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ . For electrophoretic procedures see: J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 106:684-687.
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is moderately resistant to common leaf spot (Ramularia tulasnei) and powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca macularis). When treated properly, it has equal or greater tolerance to two-spotted spidermites (Tetranychus urtacea) than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ . ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is tolerant to strawberry viruses encountered in California.
- External fruit color for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is lighter and substantially more orange than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ , and the fruit is somewhat less glossy than fruit of ⁇ Chandler ⁇ ; internal fruit color for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is lighter than for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and darker than for ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ .
- Achenes vary from yellow to light red, and are slightly extruded.
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ has been tested under a variety of cultural regimes, and optimal performance is obtained when nursery treatments, pre-plant chilling regimes, plant densities, and nutritional programs similar to those that optimize performance for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ are used. In general, ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is more adapted to early-season planting with less supplemental chilling than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ .
- ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ has slightly smaller average fruit size and yields than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ or ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ (Table 4). ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is similar to ⁇ Chandler ⁇ and ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ in its production pattern, although it produces better quality fruit late in the production season than either comparison cultivar (with conventional winter planting). Commerical appearance and firmness ratings have been better than those for ⁇ Chandler ⁇ . Fruit firmness for ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ is about equal to that for ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ . Subjectively, ⁇ Anaheim ⁇ has very good flavor, somewhat less aromatic than ⁇ Chandler ⁇ , somewhat less sweet but with better acid balance than ⁇ Oso Grande ⁇ . The fruit will be outstanding for both fresh market and processing, due to its firm flesh and even internal color and will be useful for home garden purposes.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
`Anaheim` is a short-day (June-bearing) cultivar similar to `Chandler` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,262), with similar total productivity and somewhat later fruiting, exceptional fruit appearance quality (very symmetrically conic fruit), firmer fruit, and is a larger and more vigorous plant.
Description
This invention relates to a new and distinctive short-day type cultivar designated as `Anaheim`, which resulted from a cross performed in 1988 between the cultivar `Irvine`(U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,172) and advanced selection Cal 85.92-602.
`Anaheim` was first fruited at the University of California South coast Research and Extension Center, near Irvine, Calif. in 1989, where it was selected, originally designated Cal 88.66-610, and propagated asexually by runners. Asexual propagules from this original source have been tested at the South Coast Research and Extension Center, the Watsonville Strawberry Research Facility, and to a limited extend in grower fields starting in 1990.
FIG. 1 shows the general flowering and fruiting characteristics of the plant;
FIG. 2 shows a typical mature leaf during late spring; and
FIG. 3 shows representative mid-season fruit.
`Anaheim` is typical of short-day types and produces fruit over an extended period when treated appropriately in arid, subtropical climates. `Anaheim` differs from `Irvine` primarily in that `Irvine` is a day-neutral type and not a short-day type. Also `Irvine` has essentially no photoperiodic flowering response and is more difficult to grow by comparison with `Anaheim.` The production pattern for `Anaheim`, is similar to that for `Chandler` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,262), although its production initiates earlier and persists somewhat later in the season in cool mediterranean climates. `Anaheim` will be of special interest for winter plantings, where `Chandler` has been successful, and in summer plantings where `Pajaro` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,538) has been successful. Because of its late-season production, `Anaheim`, is likely to be adapted to production objectives in central California.
Plants and foliage: Fruiting plants of `Anaheim` are larger, more erect, and more vigorous than plants of `Chandler`, and are generally similar in form to plants of `Oso Grande` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,578). `Anaheim` forms branch crowns in greater quantity than `Chandler` with similar or greater branching than `Oso Grande`. When propagated in the nursery, `Anaheim` has similar or greater runner production capacity compared with `Chandler`. Comparative statistics for foliar characters, including leaf color, near mid-season are given for the three cultivars in Table 1, with visual comparisons of leaf color to the Munsell color scale (Nickerson Color Fan) given in Table 5. Leaf color is distinctly lighter on the underside for `Anaheim`; the differential is larger than for `Chandler` and similar to that for `Oso Grande`. Individual leaflets for `Anaheim` are larger and somewhat more elongated than for `Chandler`, and are less rounded than for `Oso Grande`. Leaves (including petioles) are longer and much broader than for `Chandler`. Petioles are thicker and more stiff than those of `Chandler` and are similar to those of `Oso Grande`. Paired stipules, borne in a median position on the petiole, appear as small, stalked, ovate to heart-shaped structures on most leaves for `Anaheim` and the comparison cultivars. Stipule size varies greatly both within and among individual plants for `Anaheim`, and one or both stipules may be absent or may abscise as the leaf matures. Leaf and petiole pubescence characters for `Anaheim` are similar to those for `Oso Grande`, except that tomentum on leaves are substantially less dense. Also, leaves for `Anaheim` are darker than `Chandler` and similar in color to, but slightly darker than, those of `Oso Grande`. Visual comparisons of fruit color according to the Munsell color scale (Nickerson Color Fan) are given in Table 5. `Anaheim` has flat (occasionally concave) leaves, which are easily distinguished from those of `Chandler`, and are similar in convexity to leaves of `Oso Grande`.
Isozymes in leaf extracts: `Anaheim` has been classified for three isozyme systems using starch gel electrophoresis (Table 2): Phosophoglucoisomerase (PGI), Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP), and Phosphoglucomutase (PGM). It is distinguishable from all other short-day cultivars released to date except `Oso Grande`. For electrophoretic procedures see: J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 106:684-687.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Foliar characteristics for
`Anaheim`, `Chandler`, and `Oso Grande`.
Cultivar
Foliar Character
`Anaheim` `Chandler` `Oso Grande`
______________________________________
Mid-tier leaflet
Length (mm)
mean 98.6 82.4 77.2
range 88-107 78-94 75-80
Width (mm)
mean 88.2 71.4 67.6
range 77-101 63-88 62-71
Mid-tier leaf
Length (mm)
mean 238.6 244.2 191.6
range 192-262 218-262 170-200
Width (mm)
mean 174.4 148.0 137.2
range 155-195 132-158 130-149
Leaf color
(CIELAB)*
L*
mean 29.5 31.4 31.9
range 28.7-32.7 27.1-33.3 29.9-33.0
a*
mean -6.8 -8.0 -5.3
range -5.3--8.4 -5.2--8.2 -4.2--8.3
b*
mean 15.0 16.0 15.5
range 11.8-19.9 12.9-21.4 12.5-20.6
# leaflets/leaf
3 3 3
Leaf convexity
flat/slight
concave concave
concave
Serrations
number moderate/ many moderate
shape many semi-pointed
semi-round
semi-round
Leaf pubescence
sparse moderate/ moderate/
sparse heavy
Petiole pubescence
density heavy heavy heavy
direction perpendicular
acropetal perpendicular
______________________________________
*CIELAB is the abbreviation of the international color system known as
"Commission Internationale De L'Eclairage" 1978. Recommendations on
uniform color spaces -- color difference equations, psychometric color
terms, Supplement No. 2 to CIE Publication No. 15. PARIS.
Disease and pest reaction: `Anaheim` is moderately resistant to common leaf spot (Ramularia tulasnei) and powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca macularis). When treated properly, it has equal or greater tolerance to two-spotted spidermites (Tetranychus urtacea) than `Chandler`. `Anaheim` is tolerant to strawberry viruses encountered in California.
TABLE 2
______________________________________
Isozyme phenotypes for `Anaheim`, `Chandler`, and `Oso Grande`.
Cultivar
Locus `Anaheim` `Chandler`
`Oso Grande`
______________________________________
PGI A2 A1 A2
LAP B3 B3 B3
PGM C2 C1 C2
______________________________________
Flowering, fruiting, fruit, and production characteristics: Comparative statistics for flower and fruit characters, including fruit color, near mid-season are given for `Anaheim`, `Chandler` and `Oso Grande` in Table 3. The primary flowers for `Anaheim` are slightly smaller than those of `Chandler` and similar in size to those of `Oso Grande`; the sepals for `Anaheim` are slightly larger than for the comparison cultivars. Each primary flower has 5-7 petals. The calyx for `Anaheim` is usually even with the shoulder of the fruit, but is occasionally slightly indented. The primary fruit shape for `Anaheim` is very symmetrical and conic, with secondary fruit usually similar in shape. External fruit color for `Anaheim` is lighter and substantially more orange than `Chandler` and `Oso Grande`, and the fruit is somewhat less glossy than fruit of `Chandler`; internal fruit color for `Anaheim` is lighter than for `Chandler` and darker than for `Oso Grande`. Achenes vary from yellow to light red, and are slightly extruded.
`Anaheim` has been tested under a variety of cultural regimes, and optimal performance is obtained when nursery treatments, pre-plant chilling regimes, plant densities, and nutritional programs similar to those that optimize performance for `Chandler` are used. In general, `Anaheim` is more adapted to early-season planting with less supplemental chilling than `Chandler`.
`Anaheim` has slightly smaller average fruit size and yields than `Chandler` or `Oso Grande` (Table 4). `Anaheim` is similar to `Chandler` and `Oso Grande` in its production pattern, although it produces better quality fruit late in the production season than either comparison cultivar (with conventional winter planting). Commerical appearance and firmness ratings have been better than those for `Chandler`. Fruit firmness for `Anaheim` is about equal to that for `Oso Grande`. Subjectively, `Anaheim` has very good flavor, somewhat less aromatic than `Chandler`, somewhat less sweet but with better acid balance than `Oso Grande`. The fruit will be outstanding for both fresh market and processing, due to its firm flesh and even internal color and will be useful for home garden purposes.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
Flower and fruit characters for
`Anaheim`, `Chandler`, and `Oso Grande`.
Cultivar
Character `Anaheim` `Chandler`
`Oso Grande`
______________________________________
# petals
mean 6.3 6.6 5.0
range 5-7 6-8 5-5
Flower position
exposed even/ exposed
(relative to foliage) exposed
Calyx diam. (mm)
mean 49.2 47.7 34.1
range 44-55 45-53 27-38
Corolla diam. (mm)
mean 35.0 39.3 32.2
range 30-40 36-46 27-41
Fruit shape
length/width 1.02 1.33 1.06
ratio
subjective conic flat conic
blocky/conic
Calyx position
even/slight
even/slight
even/slight
indent neck indent
Seed position extruded even/slight
even
indent
Fruit color (CIELAB)
external
L* 26.6 23.6 22.4
a* 36.1 38.5 31.2
b* 21.3 14.8 17.2
internal
L* 48.4 46.2 54.1
a* 36.6 39.1 30.4
b* 28.1 29.4 22.7
______________________________________
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Performance for selection `Anaheim` compared with `Oso Grande`
and `Chandler` at the South Coast Research and Extension Center
in 1991. All plants were dug from the South Coast nursery on
October 1 and planted October 2 (68"/4-row beds, 23,061
plants/A, 100 g/plant = 425 Crates/A).
Yield Total Appear-
To 4/1 Yield Size ance Firm-
(g/plant)
(g/plant)
(g/fruit)
Score ness
______________________________________
`Anaheim`
447 1,391 22.4 4.2 4.6
`Chandler`
463 1,738 23.3 3.9 4.0
`Oso Grande`
530 1,675 25.0 3.8 4.9
______________________________________
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Munsell color classification for leaf and fruit characters.
Munsell Munsell
Leaf Color Classes Fruit Color Classes
Upper Lower
Item (Adaxial) (Abaxial) External
Internal
______________________________________
Chandler
5GY 4/3 5GY 5/6 5R 5/13 7R 5/13
5GY 5/6 5R 4/12
Oso 5GY 4/3 5GY 5/6 5R 5/13 7.5R 7/9
5GY 3/2 7.5GY 6/8 7.5R 5/13
7.5R 6/12
Anaheim
7.5GY 5/7 5G 7.8 10R 6/12
5R 8/6
7.5GY 6/8 5G 6/8 10R 5/11
5R 7/9
7.5GY 4/4
______________________________________
Claims (1)
1. The new and distinct variety of strawberry plant illustrated and described and having the characteristics above enumerated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/041,634 USPP8659P (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1993-04-01 | Strawberry plant called Anaheim |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/041,634 USPP8659P (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1993-04-01 | Strawberry plant called Anaheim |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP8659P true USPP8659P (en) | 1994-03-29 |
Family
ID=21917541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/041,634 Expired - Lifetime USPP8659P (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1993-04-01 | Strawberry plant called Anaheim |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP8659P (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP25223P2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-01-13 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Strawberry plant named ‘Sweet Sunrise’ |
| USPP25300P2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-02-24 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Strawberry plant named ‘Charm’ |
-
1993
- 1993-04-01 US US08/041,634 patent/USPP8659P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP25223P2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-01-13 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Strawberry plant named ‘Sweet Sunrise’ |
| USPP25300P2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-02-24 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Strawberry plant named ‘Charm’ |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE, CALI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VOTH, VICTOR;SHAW, DOUGLAS V.;REEL/FRAME:006506/0243 Effective date: 19930304 Owner name: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE, CALI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BRINGHURST, ROYCE S.;REEL/FRAME:006622/0746 Effective date: 19930319 |