USPP6001P - Grapefruit hybrid named Melogold - Google Patents
Grapefruit hybrid named Melogold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP6001P USPP6001P US06/797,286 US79728685V US6001P US PP6001 P USPP6001 P US PP6001P US 79728685 V US79728685 V US 79728685V US 6001 P US6001 P US 6001P
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grapefruit
- melogold
- fruit
- oroblanco
- marsh
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000235262 X Citroncirus webberi Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011985 X Citroncirus webberi Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000114646 Citrus x jambhiri Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016904 Citrus x jambhiri Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000035199 Tetraploidy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000026487 Triploidy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005976 Citrus sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002319 Citrus sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000882 Citrus x paradisi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150118484 Macf1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003888 Phoenix reclinata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000202052 Poncirus trifoliata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000404 Poncirus trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of grapefruit hybrid plant characterized by early maturity habit when grown in the inland citrus areas of California such as Riverside and Lindcove where fruit matures several months earlier than present grapefruit cultivars.
- the variety is further characterized by its fruit which resembles that of present white-fleshed grapefruit cultivars. Its flesh is tender and juicy, separating well from segment membranes.
- the flavor of the fruit of the new variety called ⁇ Melogold ⁇ is very close to ⁇ Oroblanco, ⁇ U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,645, but has a flavor different from both ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ and grapefruit and is more like pummelo.
- FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing illustrates cut [and whole] fruit of ⁇ Melogold, ⁇ ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ and ⁇ Marsh ⁇ (left to right) and
- FIG. 2 illustrates whole fruit of ⁇ Melogold, ⁇ ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ and ⁇ Marsh ⁇ (left to right). Fruits were selected for equal size. ⁇ Melogold ⁇ as shown in the drawing is therefore smaller than its average size.
- the variety of this invention is the result of a cross made in 1958 between an essentially acidless pummelo, CRC 2240 (Citrus grandis Osbeck), which had been shown to impart low acidity to its progenies, and a seedy, white tetraploid grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.).
- the small population from this cross consisted of one tetraploid and six triploids, which were field planted in 1962. Two of the triploids had particularly favorable characteristics and were propagated for further testing. One of these was ⁇ Oroblanco. ⁇
- the second, tested as 6C26,18, is the variety of this application called ⁇ Melogold. ⁇ Observations of the new variety have been made and data collected at Riverside since 1967. Additional test trees were planted at the University of California, Lindcove Field Station, Southcoast Field Station, and at the U.S. Date and Citrus Station, Indio, Calif.
- ⁇ Melogold ⁇ has been grown only on Troyer citrange and Rough lemon rootstocks. The oldest trees on Troyer were 17 years old when pulled and showed no signs of bud union difficulties or decline. Existing trees on Troyer are now 12 years old. Rough lemon is not recommended because of its adverse effects on fruit quality. Other rootstocks that are compatible with grapefruit may be suitable for ⁇ Melogold. ⁇
- Budwood of ⁇ Melogold ⁇ has been indexed for and found free of graft transmissible diseases.
- a primary budwood source is maintained in the screen house quarantine facilities of the Citrus Clonal Protection Program (CCPP) at Riverside.
- CCPP Citrus Clonal Protection Program
- a field source is available in the CCPP foundation planting at Lindcove Field Station. The index number is V.I. 323.
- the general characteristics of the fruit of the new variety resemble those of present white-fleshed grapefruit cultivars, but are more pummelo-like than ⁇ Oroblanco. ⁇ Fruit size is larger than ⁇ Marsh ⁇ grapefruit and ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ at all test locations. Fruit weight at Riverside from 1967 through 1975 averaged 470 G. for ⁇ Melogold, ⁇ 360 G. for ⁇ Oroblanco, ⁇ and 280 G. for ⁇ Marsh. ⁇ At Lindcove, from 1975 through 1983 with younger trees, fruit weight has averaged 700, 520, and 450 G., respectively, for the three cultivars.
- Fruit shape is comparable to ⁇ Marsh ⁇ and ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ with a slight tendency to obconate. Exterior peel color is slower to develop than ⁇ Marsh ⁇ grapefruit, but late in the season is comparable. Exterior peel texture is smooth to slightly pebbled. Average peel thickness is slightly greater than ⁇ Marsh, ⁇ but as a percentage of fruit diameter is equal to ⁇ Marsh ⁇ and thinner than ⁇ Oroblanco; ⁇ interior color and texture are the same as ⁇ Oroblanco. ⁇ As with ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ the central core hollow is greater than ⁇ Marsh ⁇ at maturity. The flesh is tender and juicy, separating well from segment membranes. Percent juice has been equal to ⁇ Marsh ⁇ and slightly higher than ⁇ Oroblanco. ⁇
- ⁇ Melogold ⁇ may have a slight bitterness, particularly early and late in the harvest season. In taste tests, ⁇ Melogold ⁇ has always been preferred by a wide margin over ⁇ Marsh, ⁇ but usually was a very close second to ⁇ Oroblanco. ⁇ The flavor of ⁇ Melogold ⁇ differs from both ⁇ Oroblanco ⁇ and grapefruit, and is more like pummelo.
- Tree Vigorous, dense, slightly drooping branches, many short, fine thorns in leaf axils. Fruits borne singly or in clusters, much inside fruit.
- Leaves Large (ave. 116 ⁇ 67 mm), thick, ovate; apex acute; base rounded; edges slightly crenate, finely serrulate. Petioles articulate, winged (ave. 10 ⁇ 14 mm), entire. Mature leaves and twigs glabrous, upper surface glossy dark green, lower surface light green; young shoots, ovaries and very young fruit slightly pubescent.
- Ratios Soluble solids 9 to 12 percent; % acid, 1.20 to 0.70; solids: acid ratio, 9.0 to 12.0; ascorbic acid level similar to and not lower than present commercial grapefruit cultivars (30 to 40 mg per 100 ml).
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- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of grapefruit hybrid citrus tree characterized by a maturity habit a full six months earlier than grapefruit grown in the same areas and further characterized by its nearly seedless white-fleshed fruit which is sometimes slightly bitter and has a flavor similar to 'Oroblanco' but more like pummelo. Fruit is tender and juicy and flesh separates will from segment membranes.
Description
This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of grapefruit hybrid plant characterized by early maturity habit when grown in the inland citrus areas of California such as Riverside and Lindcove where fruit matures several months earlier than present grapefruit cultivars.
The variety is further characterized by its fruit which resembles that of present white-fleshed grapefruit cultivars. Its flesh is tender and juicy, separating well from segment membranes. The flavor of the fruit of the new variety called `Melogold` is very close to `Oroblanco,` U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,645, but has a flavor different from both `Oroblanco` and grapefruit and is more like pummelo.
FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing illustrates cut [and whole] fruit of `Melogold,` `Oroblanco` and `Marsh` (left to right) and
FIG. 2 illustrates whole fruit of `Melogold,` `Oroblanco` and `Marsh` (left to right). Fruits were selected for equal size. `Melogold` as shown in the drawing is therefore smaller than its average size.
The variety of this invention is the result of a cross made in 1958 between an essentially acidless pummelo, CRC 2240 (Citrus grandis Osbeck), which had been shown to impart low acidity to its progenies, and a seedy, white tetraploid grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.). The small population from this cross consisted of one tetraploid and six triploids, which were field planted in 1962. Two of the triploids had particularly favorable characteristics and were propagated for further testing. One of these was `Oroblanco.` The second, tested as 6C26,18, is the variety of this application called `Melogold.` Observations of the new variety have been made and data collected at Riverside since 1967. Additional test trees were planted at the University of California, Lindcove Field Station, Southcoast Field Station, and at the U.S. Date and Citrus Station, Indio, Calif.
Early maturity is the outstanding characteristic of `Melogold.` It matures in early November at Lindcove and by December at Riverside, fully six months ahead of grapefruit grown in the same areas. It would provide an early maturing grapefruit type for the interior valley areas of California and other areas with similar environments. Its maturity period coincides with the grapefruit harvest period of desert valley areas of California and Arizona. However, its ratio of soluble solids to acid is much higher than the commercial grapefruit from these areas. `Melogold` does not appear to be suitable for the desert areas, nor for the coastal areas. `Melogold` is commercially seedless, and very mild in flavor.
`Melogold` has been grown only on Troyer citrange and Rough lemon rootstocks. The oldest trees on Troyer were 17 years old when pulled and showed no signs of bud union difficulties or decline. Existing trees on Troyer are now 12 years old. Rough lemon is not recommended because of its adverse effects on fruit quality. Other rootstocks that are compatible with grapefruit may be suitable for `Melogold.`
Budwood of `Melogold` has been indexed for and found free of graft transmissible diseases. A primary budwood source is maintained in the screen house quarantine facilities of the Citrus Clonal Protection Program (CCPP) at Riverside. A field source is available in the CCPP foundation planting at Lindcove Field Station. The index number is V.I. 323.
The general characteristics of the fruit of the new variety resemble those of present white-fleshed grapefruit cultivars, but are more pummelo-like than `Oroblanco.` Fruit size is larger than `Marsh` grapefruit and `Oroblanco` at all test locations. Fruit weight at Riverside from 1967 through 1975 averaged 470 G. for `Melogold,` 360 G. for `Oroblanco,` and 280 G. for `Marsh.` At Lindcove, from 1975 through 1983 with younger trees, fruit weight has averaged 700, 520, and 450 G., respectively, for the three cultivars.
Fruit shape is comparable to `Marsh` and `Oroblanco` with a slight tendency to obconate. Exterior peel color is slower to develop than `Marsh` grapefruit, but late in the season is comparable. Exterior peel texture is smooth to slightly pebbled. Average peel thickness is slightly greater than `Marsh,` but as a percentage of fruit diameter is equal to `Marsh` and thinner than `Oroblanco;` interior color and texture are the same as `Oroblanco.` As with `Oroblanco` the central core hollow is greater than `Marsh` at maturity. The flesh is tender and juicy, separating well from segment membranes. Percent juice has been equal to `Marsh` and slightly higher than `Oroblanco.`
`Melogold` may have a slight bitterness, particularly early and late in the harvest season. In taste tests, `Melogold` has always been preferred by a wide margin over `Marsh,` but usually was a very close second to `Oroblanco.` The flavor of `Melogold` differs from both `Oroblanco` and grapefruit, and is more like pummelo.
Total soluble solids, titratable acid, and solids-acid ratios of `Melogold,` `Oroblanco,` and `Marsh` for years of record at Riverside and Lindcove, are shown in Tables 1 and 2 set forth as follows:
TABLE 1
______________________________________
(Riverside)
Year* `Melogold` `Oroblanco`
`Marsh`
______________________________________
Total soluble solids (%)
1967 13.3 13.2 10.7
1969 13.6 12.9 11.5
1970 11.0 11.4 8.5
1971 13.4 13.8 10.4
1972 12.8 13.5 9.3
1973 13.0 14.0 10.6
1974 10.4 10.8 9.4**
1975 11.8 12.3 9.9
1976 8.6 8.7 9.5
1977 8.9 9.8 --
1978 10.4 13.1 --
Acid (%)
1967 1.09 1.22 2.16
1969 0.90 1.20 2.07
1970 1.02 1.26 1.95
1971 1.23 1.61 2.02
1972 0.98 1.06 1.62
1973 1.21 1.40 2.25
1974 0.90 0.91 1.47**
1975 1.10 1.24 2.22
1976 0.85 0.92 1.73
1977 0.87 0.87 --
1978 0.77 0.85 --
Solids:Acid (%)
1967 12.2 10.8 4.9
1969 15.1 10.8 5.6
1970 10.8 9.0 4.4
1971 10.9 8.6 5.1
1972 13.1 12.7 5.7
1973 10.7 10.0 4.7
1974 11.6 11.9 6.4**
1975 10.7 9.9 4.5
1976 10.1 9.4 5.5
1977 10.2 11.3 --
1978 13.5 15.4 --
______________________________________
*All samples harvested in midDecember, unless otherwise noted.
**January 1975 samples.
TABLE 2
______________________________________
(Lindcove)
Year* `Melogold` `Oroblanco`
`Marsh`
______________________________________
Total soluble solids (%)
Data by years
1975 10.2 12.2 9.2**
1976 10.2 10.7 --
1977 11.0 11.7 11.3
1978 10.0 10.4 9.7***
1980 10.7 10.8 --
1981 11.7 11.0 --
1982 11.1 10.4 9.8***
1983 11.4 9.8 8.9***
Data during 1982 season
12-9-81 11.7 11.0 --
1-20-82 12.0 11.2 --
2-25-82 12.1 11.9 --
3-16-82 11.5 11.1 9.8
Acid (%)
Data by years
1975 1.14 1.07 1.61**
1976 0.99 0.86 --
1977 0.96 1.05 1.82
1978 0.91 0.82 1.63***
1980 1.05 0.98 --
1981 0.84 0.84 --
1982 0.93 0.96 1.47***
1983 0.91 0.89 1.44***
Data during 1982 season
12-9-81 0.84 0.84 --
1-20-82 0.86 0.84 --
2-25-82 0.74 0.76 --
3-16-82 0.74 0.79 1.5
Solids:Acid (%)
Data by years
1975 8.9 11.4 5.7**
1976 10.3 12.4 --
1977 11.5 11.1 6.2
1978 11.0 12.7 5.9***
1980 10.2 11.0 --
1981 13.9 13.1 --
1982 11.9 10.8 6.7***
1983 12.5 11.0 6.2***
Data during 1982 season
12-9-81 13.9 13.1 --
1-20-82 13.9 13.3 --
2-25-82 16.3 15.7 --
3-16-82 15.5 14.0 6.5
______________________________________
*Samples harvested in midDecember, unless otherwise noted.
**January samples, the year following the listed year.
***March samples, the year following the listed year.
The data for Riverside for `Melogold` and `Oroblanco,` through 1975, are from the original seedling trees or the first-budded trees on Troyer citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck×Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstock. The slightly lower solids and acids in 1976 through 1978 are from younger trees also on Troyer citrange. All trees at Lindcove are also on Troyer citrange. At Riverside, solids have consistently been slightly lower than `Oroblanco,` but at Lindcove they have sometimes been slightly higher. Acidity at Riverside has also been consistently slightly lower than `Oroblanco,` but has fluctuated at Lindcove. As with `Oroblanco,` acidity is much lower than `Marsh` at all sampling dates through the season at all test locations.
Data for 1981-82 season at Lindcove are shown above in Table 2. The low acidity with moderate solids produces a ratio that is much higher than `Marsh` at all sampling dates. Fruit from Coachella Valley and Southcoast Field Station also have acidity and moderate solids even early in the season. However, fruit from Coachella Valley have been rather insipid, and fruit from Southcoast Field Station generally have been slightly bitter and lacking in flavor.
A long term yielding behavior of the new variety is uncertain. Test trees at Riverside have had moderate to heavy yields with a tendency to alternate. Even with heavy yields, fruit size has been considerably larger than `Marsh.`
The new variety is described as follows:
Tree: Vigorous, dense, slightly drooping branches, many short, fine thorns in leaf axils. Fruits borne singly or in clusters, much inside fruit.
Leaves: Large (ave. 116×67 mm), thick, ovate; apex acute; base rounded; edges slightly crenate, finely serrulate. Petioles articulate, winged (ave. 10×14 mm), entire. Mature leaves and twigs glabrous, upper surface glossy dark green, lower surface light green; young shoots, ovaries and very young fruit slightly pubescent.
Fruit: Slightly oblate to slightly obovoid with no neck; base depressed but smooth; stylar scar depressed. Ave. length 10-12 cm, ave. width 12-14 cm. Ave. weight 550 gm. Nearly seedless. Rind grained; oil glands small (<1 to 1.5 mm), slightly depressed, color darker than rind. Rind color light yellow, darkening as maturity progresses (Munsell 2.5 GY 8/6 to 5 Y 9/9). Rind thickness variable, ave. 10-12 mm. Interior segments usually 13 to 16; segment membranes medium thickness. Pulp color very pale yellow (Munsell 5 Y 9/4 to 7.5 Y 9/4). Pulp vesicles medium, tender, variable shape, juicy. Aroma pleasant, grapefruit-like.
Season of use: San Joaquin Valley -- November to February, Riverside -- December to April.
Ratios: Soluble solids 9 to 12 percent; % acid, 1.20 to 0.70; solids: acid ratio, 9.0 to 12.0; ascorbic acid level similar to and not lower than present commercial grapefruit cultivars (30 to 40 mg per 100 ml).
Claims (1)
1. The new and distinct variety of grapefruit hybrid plant herein described and illustrated and identified by the characteristics enumerated above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/797,286 USPP6001P (en) | 1985-11-12 | 1985-11-12 | Grapefruit hybrid named Melogold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/797,286 USPP6001P (en) | 1985-11-12 | 1985-11-12 | Grapefruit hybrid named Melogold |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP6001P true USPP6001P (en) | 1987-09-01 |
Family
ID=25170405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/797,286 Expired - Lifetime USPP6001P (en) | 1985-11-12 | 1985-11-12 | Grapefruit hybrid named Melogold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP6001P (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-11-12 US US06/797,286 patent/USPP6001P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, THE, 2200 Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:SOOST, ROBERT K.;CAMERON, JAMES W.;REEL/FRAME:004482/0350 Effective date: 19850924 |