USPP4703P - Bluegrass plant - Google Patents
Bluegrass plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP4703P USPP4703P US06/070,274 US7027479V US4703P US PP4703 P USPP4703 P US PP4703P US 7027479 V US7027479 V US 7027479V US 4703 P US4703 P US 4703P
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- United States
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- sup
- wtn
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- turf
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 241001148659 Panicum dichotomiflorum Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 241000209049 Poa pratensis Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008641 drought stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 101000635799 Homo sapiens Run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100030852 Run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000699696 Meriones Species 0.000 description 3
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000585703 Adelphia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000992404 Drechslera poae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221779 Fusarium sambucinum Species 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221301 Puccinia graminis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221662 Sclerotinia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct selection of a perennial bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) plant that is novel in its excellent turf quality, medium dark green color and its uniformity.
- the original clone of the material was selected for its uniqueness in 1968 from a space planting of an experimental bluegrass variety known as A22 (found in the Chicago area in 1961).
- the grass was asexually propagated by rhizomes and tillers at Palos Hills, Ill. After vegetatively increasing the clone in the greenhouse and outside of Palos Hills, the variety was verified as being distinctly different from the A22. It was then placed in replicated trials at both Palos Hills, and other locations across the country to further evaluate the performance of the grass as both a seed producer and as a high quality turf. Both seeded and vegetative plantings were used, and the integrity of the variety was assured by maintaining a vegetative plot of the variety at Suisun City, Calif. In comparisons of the variety using seed and vegetative material, no differences were noted.
- the new invention was labeled experimentally as WTN-I13.
- WTN-I13 Kentucky Bluegrass is perennial with a leafy, upright growth habit that makes it tolerant of close mowing.
- the plant has good resistance to most of the common diseases that attack bluegrass and as a result of this resistance, the new bluegrass grows vigorously and maintains a very dense turf that is resistant to encroachment of most weeds.
- the tiller density of the turf is over 1500 tillers per square foot.
- a primary object of the invention is to provide a new and distinct variety of Kentucky bluegrass plant having the desirable characteristics referred to above and to be described in detail below.
- FIG. 1 shows a typical panicle of the variety
- FIG. 2 shows a clump of the variety after the completion of flowering
- FIG. 3 shows a typical tiller of the variety extracted from a closely mowed turf
- FIG. 4 shows a comparison of the new invention with A34 under conditions of drought stress.
- the WTN-I13 exhibits its uniqueness in the following way:
- the culms of the new invention When allowed to flower, the culms of the new invention are moderately bending at the upper nodes and are tufted, moderately slender, smooth, glossy and cylindrical with five nodes; the lower two being very compressed.
- the plant reaches a height of 65.6 cm., with a panicle length of 13.6 cm.; a flag leaf length of 10.4 cm. and a flag leaf width of 4 mm.
- the leaves are medium to medium dark green in color (136 B Green Group) and the sheaths are smooth and hairless with a ligule length of 0.47 mm.
- the panicles are pyramidal and semi-open at the top and open with wide branching at the bottom with an erect axis.
- the average number of branches at the lower end of the panicle is 3.6; the average spikelets length is 3.3 mm. with approximately 3.4 florets per spikelet.
- the spikelets are ovate and compressed; the glumes are unequal with the upper ovate to eliptic measuring 2.4 mm. and the lower ovate with an average measurement of 2.0 mm.
- Lemmas are overlapping, oblong to ovate averaging 2.6 mm. in length. There are fine hairs at the base and the lower half of the lemmas.
- the paleas measure 2.2 mm. in length. The seed is tightly enclosed by a lemma and palea.
- the chromosome number of the instant bluegrass is approximately 2n equal 42.
- the number of tillers per square inch is approximately 18.8 tillers with 3-5 leaves per plant (an average of 4) and with a leaf width of about 2.2 mm.
- the ligules are very short and the leaf is medium to dark medium green in color (136 B Green Group) with a keel shape and a boat-shaped tip.
- Turf Characteristics The new variety has constantly exhibited high turf quality in plots located in Illinois, Indiana, New Mexico and New Jersey. WTN-I13 has maintained aggressiveness, density, color and uniformity. Overall turf quality ratings are indicated in Tables Two, Three, Four, Five and Seven.
- Percent cover is based on a base of 100%, which is the original size of the plots.
- the new variety has excellent regrow capacity as a result of its deep root and rhizome system.
- the regrow capacity being measured by how fast and to what extent the new grass can reestablish from its deep root system after having the sod stipped at harvest time.
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) characterized by its excellent turf quality, good disease resistance (especially to Helminthsporium leaf spot) and further characterized by good seedling vigor, maintenance of rich color, good upright growth habit and relatively few problems with temperature or drought stress.
Description
The present invention relates to a new and distinct selection of a perennial bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) plant that is novel in its excellent turf quality, medium dark green color and its uniformity.
The original clone of the material was selected for its uniqueness in 1968 from a space planting of an experimental bluegrass variety known as A22 (found in the Chicago area in 1961). The grass was asexually propagated by rhizomes and tillers at Palos Hills, Ill. After vegetatively increasing the clone in the greenhouse and outside of Palos Hills, the variety was verified as being distinctly different from the A22. It was then placed in replicated trials at both Palos Hills, and other locations across the country to further evaluate the performance of the grass as both a seed producer and as a high quality turf. Both seeded and vegetative plantings were used, and the integrity of the variety was assured by maintaining a vegetative plot of the variety at Suisun City, Calif. In comparisons of the variety using seed and vegetative material, no differences were noted. The new invention was labeled experimentally as WTN-I13.
WTN-I13 Kentucky Bluegrass is perennial with a leafy, upright growth habit that makes it tolerant of close mowing. The plant has good resistance to most of the common diseases that attack bluegrass and as a result of this resistance, the new bluegrass grows vigorously and maintains a very dense turf that is resistant to encroachment of most weeds. The tiller density of the turf is over 1500 tillers per square foot.
A primary object of the invention is to provide a new and distinct variety of Kentucky bluegrass plant having the desirable characteristics referred to above and to be described in detail below.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying illustrations in which:
FIG. 1 shows a typical panicle of the variety;
FIG. 2 shows a clump of the variety after the completion of flowering;
FIG. 3 shows a typical tiller of the variety extracted from a closely mowed turf;
FIG. 4 shows a comparison of the new invention with A34 under conditions of drought stress.
The WTN-I13 exhibits its uniqueness in the following way:
(1) consistent excellent turf quality;
(2) good resistance to Helminthsporium leaf spot;
(3) medium to medium dark green color;
(4) medium leaf texture;
(5) an upright growth habit;
(6) excellent density;
(7) semi-petite panicles and spikelets;
(8) a leafy turf type that withstands a close cut;
(9) good general resistance to the common bluegrass diseases.
The color references herein are to Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (1941), by Robert F. Wilson. The readings were taken on Jul. 24, 1979 by mature tillers using the first leaf on each tiller on heavily watered, fertilized turf, at Suisun City, Calif.
Plant Description: Under conditions such as those experienced in the summer of 1976 at Palos Hills, Ill., and in the summer of 1978 at Hubbard, Oreg., the following plant descriptions of WTN-I13 can be made based on average measurements.
When allowed to flower, the culms of the new invention are moderately bending at the upper nodes and are tufted, moderately slender, smooth, glossy and cylindrical with five nodes; the lower two being very compressed. The plant reaches a height of 65.6 cm., with a panicle length of 13.6 cm.; a flag leaf length of 10.4 cm. and a flag leaf width of 4 mm. The leaves are medium to medium dark green in color (136 B Green Group) and the sheaths are smooth and hairless with a ligule length of 0.47 mm. The panicles are pyramidal and semi-open at the top and open with wide branching at the bottom with an erect axis. The average number of branches at the lower end of the panicle is 3.6; the average spikelets length is 3.3 mm. with approximately 3.4 florets per spikelet. The spikelets are ovate and compressed; the glumes are unequal with the upper ovate to eliptic measuring 2.4 mm. and the lower ovate with an average measurement of 2.0 mm. Lemmas are overlapping, oblong to ovate averaging 2.6 mm. in length. There are fine hairs at the base and the lower half of the lemmas. The paleas measure 2.2 mm. in length. The seed is tightly enclosed by a lemma and palea. The chromosome number of the instant bluegrass is approximately 2n equal 42.
Under mowing (3.2 cm.), the number of tillers per square inch is approximately 18.8 tillers with 3-5 leaves per plant (an average of 4) and with a leaf width of about 2.2 mm. The ligules are very short and the leaf is medium to dark medium green in color (136 B Green Group) with a keel shape and a boat-shaped tip.
As indicated above, the figures are averages based on a large number of measurements. There will be some variations due to location and climate. Morphological comparisons of WTN-I13 and other Kentucky bluegrasses are listed in Table One.
TABLE ONE
______________________________________
Morphological Comparisons of the New Invention
and Other Bluegrasses Taken During Flowering at HUbbard,
Oregon, in 1978.
Plant Panicle Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
Height Length Length Width
Variety (cm.) (cm.) (cm.) (mm.)
______________________________________
WTN-I13 65.5 13.6 10.4 4.0
WTN-H6 66.1 12.6 9.1 4.9
WTN-H7 77.8 11.2 10.3 4.8
Baron 60.0 7.9 4.3 2.5
Adelphi 69.6 9.6 3.9 2.5
______________________________________
Turf Characteristics: The new variety has constantly exhibited high turf quality in plots located in Illinois, Indiana, New Mexico and New Jersey. WTN-I13 has maintained aggressiveness, density, color and uniformity. Overall turf quality ratings are indicated in Tables Two, Three, Four, Five and Seven.
TABLE TWO ______________________________________ Relative Comparisons for Turf Quality Taken on Replicated Trials Established Vegetatively in June of 1975 at Palos Hills, Illinois. Variety 1976* 1977* 1978* ______________________________________ WTN-I13 6.0 6.7 7.3 Touchdown 4.0 4.0 5.2 Glade 4.7 4.0 4.1 Adelphi 4.8 4.0 4.7 Baron 4.3 4.3 4.7 Merion 4.0 5.3 4.3 ______________________________________ *Scale: 1 equals worst, 9 equals best.
TABLE THREE
______________________________________
Heat Tolerance, General Appearance, and Density
Ratings for WTN-I13 and Other Bluegrasses Observed in
1978 at Las Cruces, New Mexico.sup.4
Heat General
Variety Tolerance.sup.1
Appearance.sup.2
Density.sup.3
______________________________________
WTN-I13 8.0 7.2 7.7
Glade 7.0 7.0 7.7
Touchdown
6.5 5.8 5.7
A34 6.0 6.8 7.3
Baron 6.0 6.0 6.7
______________________________________
.sup.1 Scale: 1 least to 9 most; based on averages for general
appearance and color scores taken July 5, following 17 days of 100 degree
temperatures or above during late June and early July.
.sup.2 Scale: 1 poor to 9 best; based on five observations.
.sup.3 Scale: 1 least to 9 most dense; based on three observations.
.sup.4 Information from New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New
Mexico.
TABLE FOUR
______________________________________
Relative Comparisons for Turf Performance, Stem
Rust and Dollar Spot Tolerances on WTN-I13 and other
Bluegrasses Taken in 1976 at Adelphia, New Jersey, on
Plots Established in 1974 by Rutgers University..sup.1
Dollar Spot.sup.3
Turf.sup.4
Variety Rust.sup.2
Mean Performance
______________________________________
WTN-I13 2.0 18 6.3
A34 1.5 56 6.0
Nugget 2.5 231 5.6
Victa 1.9 48 6.4
Merion 7.5 43 5.5
Baron 2.5 75 5.9
Touchdown
6.3 101 6.3
______________________________________
.sup.1 Turf plots for the I13 and the commercial grasses were in the same
area.
.sup.2 Scale: 1 equals best; 9 equals worst.
.sup.3 Average number of spots.
.sup.4 Turf Performance: 9 equals best; 1 equals worst.
TABLE FIVE
______________________________________
Relative Comparisons for WTN-I13 and other
Bluegrasses for Turf Quality, Color, Density and Drought
Tolerance taken in 1978 on Replicated Plots Established
in 1975 at Anderson, Indiana.
Turf.sup.1 Drought.sup.4
Variety Quality Density.sup.2
Color.sup.3
Tolerance
______________________________________
WTN-I13 5.5 3.7 4 3.7
Glade 4.0 3.0 2 2.5
Adelphi 4.3 3.5 3.3 3.7
Brunswick
4.6 3.0 2.3 2.7
Baron 4.0 2.7 2.7 2.7
Touchdown
3.9 2.7 2 1.7
______________________________________
.sup.1 Scale: 1 equals worst; 9 equals best on 6 observations.
.sup.2 Scale: 1 equals worst; 5 equals best on 3 observations.
.sup.3 Scale: 1 equals worst; 5 equals best on 3 observations (drought
tolerance was factor).
.sup.4 Scale: 1 equals worst; 5 equals best based on 3 observations. Thre
weeks of 90 degree temperatures in late June and early July preceeded
these readings.
Heat tolerance and drought tolerance have characterized WTN-I13 in replicated trials in Indiana, and Las Cruces, N. Mex. Visual observations of areas in Chicago and California have indicated the ability of the grass to withstand hot dry weather and maintain its color and quality. Tables Three and Five represent two locations where the WTN-I13 has been outstanding.
Disease tolerances: A comparison of WTN-I13 and other bluegrasses for resistance or tolerance to stem rust incited by Puccinia graminis, dollar spot incited by Sclerotinia homoecarpa, leaf spot incited by Drechslera poae, and Fusarium blight incited by Fusarium roseum are given in Tables Four, Six and Seven.
TABLE SIX ______________________________________ Leaf Spot Tolerances.sup.1 of WTN-I13 and other Kentucky Bluegrasses on Plots Established Vegetatively in 1972 at Palos Hills, Illinois. Variety 1974* 1976* 1978* ______________________________________ WTN-I13 3 3 5 I14 15.5 2 40 Prato 45 20 60 Merion 4 5 30 ______________________________________ .sup.1 Expressed as a percent of plot infected.
TABLE SEVEN
______________________________________
Relative Comparisons for Fusarium Blight Resis-
tance in 1975 and Relative Aggressiveness or Percent
Cover of the Grasses in 1975 and 1978 at Danville Country
Club, Danville, Illinois, Based on 3 Replications.
Variety Fusarium* (75)
% Cover (75)
% Cover (78)
______________________________________
WTN-I13 1.8 101 110
A20 2.2 87 106
Baron 2.5 41 82
Fylking 6.8 70 82
______________________________________
.sup.1 Scale: 1 equals no infection; 9 equals complete infectation.
Percent cover is based on a base of 100%, which is the original size of the plots.
Propagation: In addition to the above qualities, the new variety has excellent regrow capacity as a result of its deep root and rhizome system. The regrow capacity being measured by how fast and to what extent the new grass can reestablish from its deep root system after having the sod stipped at harvest time.
Claims (1)
1. The new and distinct variety of Bluegrass Plant herein described and illustrated and identified by the characteristics enumerated above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/070,274 USPP4703P (en) | 1979-08-27 | 1979-08-27 | Bluegrass plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/070,274 USPP4703P (en) | 1979-08-27 | 1979-08-27 | Bluegrass plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP4703P true USPP4703P (en) | 1981-04-28 |
Family
ID=22094280
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/070,274 Expired - Lifetime USPP4703P (en) | 1979-08-27 | 1979-08-27 | Bluegrass plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP4703P (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-08-27 US US06/070,274 patent/USPP4703P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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