USPP8897P - Buffalograss plant called `Hilite` 25 - Google Patents
Buffalograss plant called `Hilite` 25 Download PDFInfo
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- USPP8897P USPP8897P US08/143,418 US14341893V US8897P US PP8897 P USPP8897 P US PP8897P US 14341893 V US14341893 V US 14341893V US 8897 P US8897 P US 8897P
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- 241000044532 Paspalum conjugatum Species 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 235000007218 Tripsacum dactyloides Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000007297 Gaultheria procumbens Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000333569 Pyrola minor Species 0.000 abstract 1
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000320720 Bouteloua dactyloides Species 0.000 description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 208000035199 Tetraploidy Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000001057 Duncan's new multiple range test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008641 drought stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001459869 Alabagrus stigma Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000380130 Ehrharta erecta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007614 genetic variation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/12—Leaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/13—Abiotic stress
- Y02A40/132—Plants tolerant to drought
Definitions
- Buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt) Engelm. is a warm-season stoloniferous, sod-forming, perennial grass. It is a drought tolerant and important range grass found mainly in the central prairies of the United States with its full range of distribution extending from Canada to Mexico (U.S. Agriculture Handbook, 1959).
- the buffalograss is the only species of its genus. It contains diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid races (Stebbins, 1975), of which only the latter occur in the Great Plains area.
- the diploid race mainly occurs in Central Mexico and southern Texas (Reeder, 1971) and it has rarely been researched for economical values.
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt) Engelm.] is a vegetatively propagated, drought and heat resistant female buffalograss clone selected by mass selection.
- seeds of diploid buffalograss germplasms were collected from three locations in Central Mexico, including San Jose, San Clayetano, and Venegas.
- the population sizes for the three populations used for the first selection cycle were 215 for the San Jose population, 350 for the San Clayetano population, and 300 for the Venegas population, because a limited number of seeds were available.
- Plants were established from seeds and space planted in the experimental field at UC, Davis. The plants were mowed weekly at a 2 inch height during the growing season (from May to the end of October). Individual clones were selected for rapid vegetative growth, high turf density, and extended winter turf green color. About 80% of the plants were eliminated in the selection for the above characteristics. The remaining plants were subjected to drought stress during the following summer months by terminating the irrigation for a period of 8 weeks (from Jun. 15th, to Aug. 15).
- Two male and two female plants from each of the three populations were selected for their superior performance under the drought stress.
- a mass-cross was constructed by growing the selected six male and six female clones close together in the field and seeds were harvested from the female plants. Six hundred plants were propagated from the seed progeny, were space planted in the field and were subjected to turfgrass management. Through the growing season, the plants were moved weekly at a 2 inch height, irrigated every 10 days, with one pound N applied in June and 1 pound N applied in August.
- This female clone, named ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25, was selected for its superior performance in rate of vegatative growth, high turf density, retention of green color above freezing temperature, and superior drought tolerance.
- Asexual reproduction was accomplished from stolons, sprigs, plugs, and spreads of stolonization. Initially the plant was vegetatively reproduced in the greenhouse at the Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of California, Davis campus, Davis, Calif. Such reproduction was tested in the field at the University of California Davis campus and at the Santa Clara field station in Northern California.
- FIG. 1 depicts field grown buffalograss of the new variety and shows its high turf density, extensive vegetative growth and short stolon internode characteristics.
- FIG. 2 depicts the open turf growth habit, coarse texture and long stolon internode of the field grown forage type ⁇ Texoka ⁇ buffalograss.
- FIG. 3 depicts this variety of the ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 15 variety compared with ⁇ Texoka ⁇ . This variety obtained turf green color in mid-December at a temperature of 0° C. The low temperature sensitive ⁇ Texoka ⁇ at the same time and temperature is shown as dormant and brown.
- FIG. 4 depicts DNA fingerprints detected from the vegetatively propagated ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 15 and ⁇ Highlight 25 ⁇ buffalograss varieties using RAPD markers produced by primers A-5 an A-9.
- the ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 buffalograss clone is a diploid with a chromosome number of 20 (Wu and Lin, 1994). It is fine-textured, with stolon diameters of approximately 0.8 mm. Leaf width is approximately 1.5 mm and leaf length is about 90 mm.
- the ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 buffalograss exhibits shorter internode length, smaller internode diameter, faster stolon growth rate, does not possess pubescence on the leaves, and has considerably less winter dormancy.
- ⁇ Texoka ⁇ is a hexaploid seeded cultivar and it has 60 chromosomes.
- ⁇ Prairie ⁇ is a vegetatively propagated tetraploid cultivar and has 40 chromosomes. Based upon the Inter-Society Color Council-National Bureau of Standards, color chart, September 1988, (ISCC-NBS Color), ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 has a deep green color (118 deep YG), rapid spreading stoloniferous growth habit and short vertical growth. It is heat and drought resistant with excellent drought avoidance characteristics (fast recovery from dormancy due to drought).
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 is paticularly adaptable to areas of the California central valley and southern California, the transition zone, and from Central Mexico to the central Great Plains of the United States. Its growth is best in direct high sunlight with temperatures above 20° C. Its performance under shaded conditions is comparable to bermudagrasses.
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 may be established by planting sod, springs, or plugs. Planting 2 inch prerooted plugs on 12 inch centers establishes ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 turf within 10 weeks (from June to August). It is a female plant which is a vegetatively propagated clone and spreads by stolonization. ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 does not produce male inflorescenses as appear in seeded buffalograss. NOr does it produce viable seed in the absence of pollination. It forms a dense, uniform, fine-textured, stoloniferous, deep green turf. In the absence of mowing, ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 reaches a mature height of 10 to 15 centimeters. It requires minimal water, nutrition, and other maintenance.
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25's dense and agreessive growth characteristics render it far more competitive against weeds.
- aesthetic attributes of density, uniformity, and appealing turf color are combined with durability, competitiveness and low maintenance requirements. Together, these agronomic attributes render ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 particularly suitable for home lawns, recreational turf such as golf courses, industrial parks and ground cover for roadsides.
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 is more distinctly characterized in the following chart and tables, as observed in greenhouse and open field testing studies at the experimental field at University of California and the Field Stations in northern and southern California.
- the color of ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 is deep green (118 deep YG) when in season, to yellow (73.p.OY), when in dormancy.
- ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 The characteristic differences between ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 and another newly developed vegetatively propagated diploid buffalograss called ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 are: (1) ⁇ Highlight 25 ⁇ produces a higher turf density than ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 15 but, it is less salt tolerant than ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 15. (2) ⁇ Highlight 15 ⁇ and ⁇ Hilite 25 ⁇ are similar in turf density and morphological characteristics, but ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 25 displays a better spring turf quality, and ⁇ Hilite ⁇ 15 has a better summer turf quality. (3) Random primer amplified DNA fragment finger print analysis was performed using random primers A-5 and A-9 (Promega). The two Hilite buffalograss cultivars are found to differe in DNA fingerprint genetic markers (Wu and Lin, 1993).
- Origin A single superior diploid female buffalograss plant selected from mass crosses of three diploid buffalograss germplasms collected from Central Mexico.
- Chromosome number: 2n 20.
- Growth habit A stoloniferous vegetatively reproducing female plant with short vertical growth and rapid horizontal growth rate. It fibrous root system knits in most media within three weks from plugs or stolon cuttings. In season, it produces dense, uniform, fine textured turf and holds its green color near freezing temperature during the winter months.
- Regions of adaptation From central Mexico to the central Great Plains of the United States and particularly adaptable to areas of the California Central Valley and southern California.
- Blade --Shape.--Long, slender, pointed leaf tip.
- Mature plant height 10 to 15 cm.
- Soils heavy clay, silty clay, loam, calcareous, neutral to alkaline.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A vegetatively reproduced perennial buffalograss cultivar was developed through mass selection from diploid (2n=20) buffalograss germplasms which is named `Hilite` 25. It is distinguished by its fine texture, high turf density, rapid stolon spreading rate, competitive growth, short height growth, improved winter green color and short winter dormancy, spring turf quality, drought tolerance, low maintenance requirements, and improved turf performance.
Description
Buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt) Engelm., is a warm-season stoloniferous, sod-forming, perennial grass. It is a drought tolerant and important range grass found mainly in the central prairies of the United States with its full range of distribution extending from Canada to Mexico (U.S. Agriculture Handbook, 1959). The buffalograss is the only species of its genus. It contains diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid races (Stebbins, 1975), of which only the latter occur in the Great Plains area.
The diploid race mainly occurs in Central Mexico and southern Texas (Reeder, 1971) and it has rarely been researched for economical values.
`Hilite` 25 buffalograss [(Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt) Engelm.] is a vegetatively propagated, drought and heat resistant female buffalograss clone selected by mass selection. For breeding purposes, seeds of diploid buffalograss germplasms were collected from three locations in Central Mexico, including San Jose, San Clayetano, and Venegas. The population sizes for the three populations used for the first selection cycle were 215 for the San Jose population, 350 for the San Clayetano population, and 300 for the Venegas population, because a limited number of seeds were available.
Plants were established from seeds and space planted in the experimental field at UC, Davis. The plants were mowed weekly at a 2 inch height during the growing season (from May to the end of October). Individual clones were selected for rapid vegetative growth, high turf density, and extended winter turf green color. About 80% of the plants were eliminated in the selection for the above characteristics. The remaining plants were subjected to drought stress during the following summer months by terminating the irrigation for a period of 8 weeks (from Jun. 15th, to Aug. 15).
Two male and two female plants from each of the three populations were selected for their superior performance under the drought stress. For the second selection cycle, a mass-cross was constructed by growing the selected six male and six female clones close together in the field and seeds were harvested from the female plants. Six hundred plants were propagated from the seed progeny, were space planted in the field and were subjected to turfgrass management. Through the growing season, the plants were moved weekly at a 2 inch height, irrigated every 10 days, with one pound N applied in June and 1 pound N applied in August. This female clone, named `Hilite` 25, was selected for its superior performance in rate of vegatative growth, high turf density, retention of green color above freezing temperature, and superior drought tolerance. Asexual reproduction was accomplished from stolons, sprigs, plugs, and spreads of stolonization. Initially the plant was vegetatively reproduced in the greenhouse at the Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of California, Davis campus, Davis, Calif. Such reproduction was tested in the field at the University of California Davis campus and at the Santa Clara field station in Northern California.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 depicts field grown buffalograss of the new variety and shows its high turf density, extensive vegetative growth and short stolon internode characteristics.
FIG. 2 depicts the open turf growth habit, coarse texture and long stolon internode of the field grown forage type `Texoka` buffalograss.
FIG. 3 depicts this variety of the `Hilite` 15 variety compared with `Texoka`. This variety obtained turf green color in mid-December at a temperature of 0° C. The low temperature sensitive `Texoka` at the same time and temperature is shown as dormant and brown.
FIG. 4 depicts DNA fingerprints detected from the vegetatively propagated `Hilite` 15 and `Highlight 25` buffalograss varieties using RAPD markers produced by primers A-5 an A-9.
Existing buffalograss varieties such as `Texoka,` `Sharps Improved,` and `Comanche` are reproduced sexually. These buffalograsses were developed for forage rather than turf purposes and are produced and distributed as seed commodity. These buffalograsses lack uniformity and density because the genetic variation which exits in the seed progenies. In comparison to the existing vegetatively propagated tetraploid buffalograss `Prairie` (2n=40) (Engelke and Lehman, 1991), the `Hilite` 25 is a diploid (2n=20) and has a short winter dormancy in the transition zone such as in California, a faster vegetative spreading rate, finer leaf blade, and thinner stolon textures.
The `Hilite` 25 buffalograss clone is a diploid with a chromosome number of 20 (Wu and Lin, 1994). It is fine-textured, with stolon diameters of approximately 0.8 mm. Leaf width is approximately 1.5 mm and leaf length is about 90 mm. In comparison to the commercial cultivars `Texoka` and `Prairie`, the `Hilite` 25 buffalograss exhibits shorter internode length, smaller internode diameter, faster stolon growth rate, does not possess pubescence on the leaves, and has considerably less winter dormancy. `Texoka` is a hexaploid seeded cultivar and it has 60 chromosomes. `Prairie` is a vegetatively propagated tetraploid cultivar and has 40 chromosomes. Based upon the Inter-Society Color Council-National Bureau of Standards, color chart, September 1988, (ISCC-NBS Color), `Hilite` 25 has a deep green color (118 deep YG), rapid spreading stoloniferous growth habit and short vertical growth. It is heat and drought resistant with excellent drought avoidance characteristics (fast recovery from dormancy due to drought).
`Hilite` 25 is paticularly adaptable to areas of the California central valley and southern California, the transition zone, and from Central Mexico to the central Great Plains of the United States. Its growth is best in direct high sunlight with temperatures above 20° C. Its performance under shaded conditions is comparable to bermudagrasses.
`Hilite` 25 may be established by planting sod, springs, or plugs. Planting 2 inch prerooted plugs on 12 inch centers establishes `Hilite` 25 turf within 10 weeks (from June to August). It is a female plant which is a vegetatively propagated clone and spreads by stolonization. `Hilite` 25 does not produce male inflorescenses as appear in seeded buffalograss. NOr does it produce viable seed in the absence of pollination. It forms a dense, uniform, fine-textured, stoloniferous, deep green turf. In the absence of mowing, `Hilite` 25 reaches a mature height of 10 to 15 centimeters. It requires minimal water, nutrition, and other maintenance. `Hilite` 25's dense and agreessive growth characteristics render it far more competitive against weeds. In `Hilite` 25, aesthetic attributes of density, uniformity, and appealing turf color are combined with durability, competitiveness and low maintenance requirements. Together, these agronomic attributes render `Hilite` 25 particularly suitable for home lawns, recreational turf such as golf courses, industrial parks and ground cover for roadsides. `Hilite` 25 is more distinctly characterized in the following chart and tables, as observed in greenhouse and open field testing studies at the experimental field at University of California and the Field Stations in northern and southern California.
The color of `Hilite` 25 is deep green (118 deep YG) when in season, to yellow (73.p.OY), when in dormancy.
The characteristic differences between `Hilite` 25 and another newly developed vegetatively propagated diploid buffalograss called `Hilite` 25 are: (1) `Highlight 25` produces a higher turf density than `Hilite` 15 but, it is less salt tolerant than `Hilite` 15. (2) `Highlight 15` and `Hilite 25` are similar in turf density and morphological characteristics, but `Hilite` 25 displays a better spring turf quality, and `Hilite` 15 has a better summer turf quality. (3) Random primer amplified DNA fragment finger print analysis was performed using random primers A-5 and A-9 (Promega). The two Hilite buffalograss cultivars are found to differe in DNA fingerprint genetic markers (Wu and Lin, 1993).
Origin: A single superior diploid female buffalograss plant selected from mass crosses of three diploid buffalograss germplasms collected from Central Mexico.
Classification:
Botanical.--Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.
Chromosome number: 2n=20.
Form: Monocot Gramineae.
Growth habit: A stoloniferous vegetatively reproducing female plant with short vertical growth and rapid horizontal growth rate. It fibrous root system knits in most media within three weks from plugs or stolon cuttings. In season, it produces dense, uniform, fine textured turf and holds its green color near freezing temperature during the winter months.
Establishment rate:
Sod.--1-2 weeks.
Plugs.--6-8 weeks (in July and August).
Springs.--6-8 weeks.
Regions of adaptation: From central Mexico to the central Great Plains of the United States and particularly adaptable to areas of the California Central Valley and southern California.
Blade.--Shape.--Long, slender, pointed leaf tip.
Length.--About 5 to 10 cm long with an average of 8 cm.
Width.--About 0.15 cm.
Hairiness.--Absent, glabrous.
Mature plant height: 10 to 15 cm.
Internode:
Length.--6 to 7 cm (average of 6.5 cm) between the 2nd and third nodes from the tip of stolon, about 60% shorter than `Prairie` buffalograss.
Diameter.--0.1 to 0.15 cm in the third internode from the tip of a stolon.
Node pigmentation: Purple (259.d.p R).
Stolon color: Green (120.m YG).
Leaf color:
Active.--Deep green (118 deep YG).
Dormant.--Yellow (73.p.OY) to brown.
Soils: heavy clay, silty clay, loam, calcareous, neutral to alkaline.
Inflorescence:
Male.--Absent.
Female.--0.45 to 0.55 cm long.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Relative Performance of `Hilite` 25 in Comparison to
Other Varieties for the Following Characteristics.
Character
(1 to 9 scale,
9 = best, 0 = not
tested) `Hilite` 25
`Hilite` 15
`Prairie`
`Texoka`
______________________________________
Rate of Spread
9a* 9a 7b 4c
Turf density
9a 8a 7b 3c
Drought 9a 9a 9a 7b
tolerance
Injury regrowth
8a 8a 7b 4c
potential
Shade tolerance
4a 4a 4a 3b
Color 7a 7a 4b 5c
Cold tolerance
9a 9a 9a 7b
Heat tolerance
9a 9a 9a 7b
Salinity tolerance
4b 6a 4b 3c
______________________________________
*Means separated by Duncan's new multiple range test, P = 1%.
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ Mean Turfgrass Quality Ratings of `Hilite` 25 in Comparison to Other Varieties Over a Period of One year Growing Season at Santa Clara, California. ______________________________________ Mean Value (1 to 9 Scale, 9 = best) MAY JUN JUL AUG ______________________________________ `Hilite` 25 7.5a* 7.3a 7.0a 7.3a `Hilite` 15 7.5a 7.0a 7.0a 7.2a `Prairie` 6.0b 6.5b 6.5b 6.5b `Texoka` 4.5c 4.7c 5.7c 5.7c ______________________________________ Mean Value (1 to 9 Scale, 9 = best) SEP OCT NOV MEAN ______________________________________ `Hilite` 25 7.5a 7.1a 7.0a 7.2a `Hilite` 15 7.5a 7.1a 7.0a 7.1a `Prairie` 6.3b 5.3b 4.0b 5.8b `Texoka` 5.0c 3.3c 1.0c 4.2c ______________________________________ Turfgrass quality is based on uniformity, density of stand, texture of turf canopy, smoothness of surface, and growth habit. (Beard, J. B., Turfgrass Science, 1973). Field trials were conducted at Davis and Santa Clara in northern California and at Riverside in southern California. *Mean separated by Duncan's new multiple range test, P = 1%.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
Rate of turf establishment from two inch plugs (% coverage)
of `Hilite` 25 and `Hilite` 15 buffalograsses in comparison to
`Prairie` and `Texoka` buffalograsses
Date of Observation
Cultivar
6/1/91* 6/16/91 6/30/91
7/15/91
7/30/91
______________________________________
`Hilite` 25
10a** 30a 70a 95a 100a
`Hilite` 15
9a 32a 70a 96a 100a
`Prairie`
5b 16b 35b 46b 70b
`Texoka`
4b 9c 18c 25c 45c
______________________________________
*First observation conducted two weeks after planting of plugs in the
field at Davis California.
**Mean separated by Duncan's new multiple range test, P = 1%.
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Morphological Description
`Hilite` 25
`Hilite` 15
`Prairie` `Texoka`
______________________________________
A. Vegetative
Traits
(P = present,
A = absent)
1. STOLONS
P P P P
a. Color or
green green purple purple
pigmentation
(120.m.YG)
(120.m.YG)
(262.gy.pR)
(262.gy.pR)
b. Internode
45 65 155 100
length (mm)
(third inter-
node from
the tip of the
stolon)
c. Internode
0.55 0.55 0.9 0.9
diameter
(mm)
2. NODES
a. Color or
purple purple light
purple purple
pigmentation
(259.d.p R)
(262 (259.d.p.R)
(259.d.p.R)
gY.pR)
3. RHI- A A A A
ZOMES
4. LEAF
BLADE
a. Color:
(1) Dormant
yellow Yellow yellow yellow
(73.p.OY) (73 p.OY) (73.p.OY)
(73.p.OY)
(2) Active
deep green
deep green
blue green
blue green
(118.deep (118.deep (164.m.bG)
(164.m.bG)
Y G) Y G)
b. Dimensions
(1) Width
1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0
(mm)
(2) Length
8 8 10.5 13.0
(cm)
c. Hairness:
(1) Abaxial
A A P(slight)
P
(2) Adaxial
A A P P
5. SHEATH
(Adaxial
margin):
a. Hairs A A P P
b. Length
15 15 15 18
(mm)
6. Collar
(1) Hairness:
A A P P
B. Floral
Traits
(P = present,
A = absent)
1. MALE A A A A
INFLORES-
CENCE
2. FEMALE
P A P P
INFLORES-
CENCE
a. Stigma
purple purple purple purple
color:
b. Spikelet:
(1) Number
2 2 2 2
of burrs:
(2) Burr 5 5 8 7
length (mm)
(3) Bur width
2.5 2.5 3.5 4.0
(mm)
(4) # Flwrs
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
per Burr
______________________________________
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Comparison of ploidy level and chromosome number for
`Hilite,` `Prairie,` and `Texoka` buffalograsses
Cultivar Ploidy level
Chromosome number
______________________________________
`Hilite` 25
diploid 20
`Hilite` 15
diploid 20
`Prairie` tetraploid 40
`Texoda` hexaploid 60
______________________________________
Claims (1)
1. I claim the new and distinct variety of buffalograss plant illustrated and described and having the characteristics above enumerated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/143,418 USPP8897P (en) | 1993-10-25 | 1993-10-25 | Buffalograss plant called `Hilite` 25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/143,418 USPP8897P (en) | 1993-10-25 | 1993-10-25 | Buffalograss plant called `Hilite` 25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP8897P true USPP8897P (en) | 1994-09-13 |
Family
ID=22503980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/143,418 Expired - Lifetime USPP8897P (en) | 1993-10-25 | 1993-10-25 | Buffalograss plant called `Hilite` 25 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP8897P (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10576P (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-08-25 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | `Mobuff buffalograss` |
| USPP11191P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-01-25 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE86-120` |
| USPP11194P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-02-01 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE86-61` |
| USPP11373P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-05-09 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE91-118` |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP7539P (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-05-28 | Texas A & M University System | Prairie buffalograss |
-
1993
- 1993-10-25 US US08/143,418 patent/USPP8897P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP7539P (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-05-28 | Texas A & M University System | Prairie buffalograss |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| Reeder, J. R., (1971) "Notes on Mexican Grasses IX Miscellaneous Chromosome Numbers-3", Brittonia 23:107-117. |
| Reeder, J. R., (1971) Notes on Mexican Grasses IX Miscellaneous Chromosome Numbers 3 , Brittonia 23:107 117. * |
| Stebbins, G. L., (1975) "The Role of Polyploid Complexes in the Evolution of North American Grasslands", Taxon, 24(I):91-106. |
| Stebbins, G. L., (1975) The Role of Polyploid Complexes in the Evolution of North American Grasslands , Taxon, 24(I):91 106. * |
| Wu, L., et al., (1994) "Identifying Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloids (Nutt.) Engelm.] Cultivar Breeding Lines Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers", J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119(1):126-130. |
| Wu, L., et al., (1994) Identifying Buffalograss Buchloe dactyloids (Nutt.) Engelm. Cultivar Breeding Lines Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers , J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119(1):126 130. * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10576P (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-08-25 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | `Mobuff buffalograss` |
| USPP11191P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-01-25 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE86-120` |
| USPP11194P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-02-01 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE86-61` |
| USPP11373P (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-05-09 | Board Of Regents University Of Nebraska-Lincoln | Buffalograss plant named `NE91-118` |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF, THE, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WU, LIN L.;REEL/FRAME:006764/0227 Effective date: 19931010 |