USPP33636P2 - Strawberry plant named ‘Cordial’ - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of strawberry named ‘Cordial’. The new late-season cultivar is primarily characterized by the uniformity and symmetry of fruit shape and size, evenness of color, glossiness of fruit skin, freshness and health of calyx, being free of physiologically-based blemishes such sun scald, bronzing, and rain damage and shelf life of the fruit.

Description

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: ‘Cordial’ is a new strawberry plant that is Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier.

Variety denomination: The new strawberry plant claimed is of the variety denominated ‘Cordial’ Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier.

BACKGROUND OF THE NEW PLANT

The present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry cultivar designated ‘Cordial’ and botanically known as Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier. This new strawberry cultivar was discovered in Beltsville, Md., in Spring 2013 and originated from a cross between the female parent B1893 (unpatented) and the male parent B1805 (unpatented). The original seedling of the new cultivar was asexually propagated in Beltsville since 2013 by rooting daughter plants from stolons of the mother plant. The present invention has been found to be stable and reproduce true to type through successive asexual propagations rooting daughter plants from stolons.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE NEW PLANT

The cultivar ‘Cordial’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environment such as temperature, day length, and light intensity, without, however, any variance in genotype.

The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of ‘Cordial’. These characteristics in combination distinguish ‘Cordial’ as a new and distinct Fragaria cultivar:

• • 1. Late season.
  • 2. Resistant to anthracnose fruit rot (Colletotrichum acutatum).
  • 3. Excellent fruit quality in storage (shelf life).
  • 4. High yield.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

This new strawberry plant is illustrated by the accompanying photographs that show the flowers, fruit and entire plants; the colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures.

FIG. 1 shows ‘Cordial’ plant size is smaller than that of ‘Ovation’ and ‘Allstar’ while flowering, with 30.5 cm spacing, in annual plasticulture.

FIG. 2 shows some ‘Cordial’ terminal flowers are above the canopy, but some are below.

FIG. 3 shows a single ‘Cordial’ flowering truss.

FIG. 4 shows ‘Cordial’ stigma color is more yellow-orange than that of ‘Ovation’ and ‘Allstar’.

FIG. 5 shows typical ‘Cordial’ fruit at various ripening stages.

FIG. 6 shows two containers of ‘Cordial’ fruit photographed two years apart in different outdoor lighting conditions. In one container of fruit on opaque background.

FIG. 7 shows typical halved fruits of ‘Cordial’ (left), ‘Allstar’ (center), and ‘Ovation’ (right), with ‘Cordial’ flesh having more uniform coloring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW CULTIVAR

The following description of ‘Cordial’ is based on observations taken from 2015 through 2018 growing seasons in evaluations in Beltsville, Md. This description is in accordance with UPOV terminology. Color designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions, depending on variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic, and cultural conditions. ‘Cordial’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The botanical description of ‘Cordial’ was taken from plants nine months after establishment in the field. Color terminology follows The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, London (1986).

‘Cordial’ fruit are suitable for shipping and fresh-market use, based on a combination of the marketability ratings after refrigerated storage, fruit firmness, and fruit skin toughness. The percent of fruit still at marketable quality (no rot and very little degradation) after refrigerated storage was 86% (1 week) and 52% (2 weeks) for ‘Cordial’, compared with 37% and 10% for ‘Allstar’, and 52% and 15% for ‘Ovation’.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

Table 1 shows selected characteristics of the new cultivar compared with plant characteristics of ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. Characteristics include inflorescence position, stigma color, anther number, harvest maturity, weight of fruit, yield, firmness of flesh, and evenness of flesh color.

TABLE 1
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’
Inflorescence	Slightly below	Slightly below	At or slightly
position	to above	canopy	below canopy
	canopy
Stigma color	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange
	Group 22A	Group 22B	Group 20B
Anther number	33.2	24.6	22.2
Harvest maturity	Early June	Late May	Early June
(50% of plant
with ripe fruit)
Weight of fruit (g)	18.5	10.0	13.9
Yield (kg/plant)	0.79	0.61	0.54
Firmness of flesh	Firm	Medium to	Medium to
		firm	firm
Evenness of flesh	Somewhat	Not even	Uneven
color	even

Table 2 shows plant characteristics of the new cultivar compared with plant characteristics of ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. Plant characteristics include plant height, diameter, number of crowns per plant, habit, density of individual plants and vigor.

TABLE 2
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’

Plant height (cm)	27.2	31.4	28
Plant diameter (cm)	41.3	47.5	49.2
Number of crowns	3.8, 3 to 4	4.7, 3 to 6	4.7, 3 to 7
plant
Habit	Upright open	Upright open	Upright open
	globose	globose	globose
Density of	Medium	Medium	Medium
individual plant
Vigor	Medium to strong	Medium	Strong

Table 3 shows leaf characteristics of the new cultivar compared with leaf characteristics of ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. Leaf characteristics include leaf type, leaf shape. leaf length, leaf width, terminal leaflet length, terminal leaflet width, terminal leaflet length to width ratio, leaf margins, shape of teeth, leaf serrations per leaflet, upper and lower leaf surface color, number of leaflets, terminal leaflet apex shape, terminal leaflet base shape, glossiness upper side leaf surface, texture upper side leaf surface, texture underside leaf surface and leaf arrangement.

TABLE 3
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’
Leaf type	Semi-evergreen	Semi-evergreen	Semi-evergreen
Leaf shape	Trifoliolate	Trifoliolate with	Trifoliolate
	with ovate	ovate leaflets	with ovate
	leaflets	touching to	leaflets
	touching to	overlapping	touching to
	overlapping		overlapping
Leaf length	12.3	13.6	13.6
(cm)
Leaf width	22.0	16.9	16.7
(cm)
Terminal	10.8	9.4	9.3
leaflet length
(cm)
Terminal	9.4	8.2	7.8
leaflet width
(cm)
Terminal	1.2	1.2	1.2
leaflet length/
width ratio
Leaf margins	Serrate	Serrate	Serrate
Shape of teeth	Apiculate	Apiculate	Apiculate
Leaf serrations	28.6	27.3	22.7
per leaflet
Color mature	Green Group	Green Group	Green Group
leaves lower	137C	137C	137C
surface
Color mature	Green Group	Green Group	Green Group
leaves upper	137A	137A	137A
surface
Number of	3	3	3
leaflets
Terminal	Obtuse	Obtuse	Obtuse
leaflet apex
shape
Terminal	Accute cuneate	Accute cuneate	Accute cuneate
leaflet base
shape
Glossiness	Semi-gloss	Semi-gloss	Semi-gloss
upper side
leaf surface
Texture	Very slightly	Very slightly	Very slightly
upper side	rugose	rugose	rugose
leaf surface
Texture	Very slightly	Very slightly	Very slightly
underside leaf	reticulate	reticulate	reticulate
surface
Leaf	Individual	Individual	Individual
arrangement	trifoliate leaves	trifoliate leaves	trifoliate leaves
	attached to	attached to	attached to
	compressed	compressed	compressed
	stem (crown)	stem (crown)	stem (crown)
	at ground	at ground	at ground
	level	level	level

Table 4 shows information about the petiole, the petiolule, the bract and the stipule of the new cultivar compared to ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. This includes petiole length, petiole diameter, petiole texture, petiole pubescence, petiole color, petiolule color, petiolule length, bract frequency, bract color designation, stipule length, stipule width, stipule color designation and anthocyanin intensity.

TABLE 4
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’
Leaf petiole	18.0	24.2	21.0
length (cm)
Petiole diameter	0.5	0.5	0.4
(cm)
Petiole texture	Smooth	Smooth	Smooth
Petiole	Medium	Sparse	Sparse
pubescence
Petiole color	Yellow Green	Yellow Green	Yellow Green
	Group 144B	Group 144C	Group 144B
		with some
		anthocyanin
Petiolule color	Yellow Green	Yellow Green	Yellow Green
	Group 144B	Group 144C	Group 144B
Petiolule length	0.4	0.8	0.4
(cm)
Bract frequency	2 per	2 per	1 to 2 per
	inflorescence,	inflorescence,	inflorescence,
	generally	generally	generally
	unifoliate	unifoliate	unifoliate
Bract color	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green
	147A	147A	147B
Stipule length	2.4	2.3	1.9
(cm)
Stipule width	0.8	0.8	0.6
(cm)
Stipule color	Absent to	Very weak	Medium
	very weak	to weak
Anthocyanin	Red 46B over	Red 46B over	Red 46B over
intensity	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green
	144C	144C	144C

Table 5 shows stolon characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. These characteristics include the number of stolons, the anthocyanin coloration of the stolons, the thickness of the stolons, and the pubescence of the stolons.

TABLE 5
	Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’

	Stolon production	9	10	11
	Stolon anthocyanin	Medium	Light	Medium
	Stolon thickness
	(cm)	0.3	0.3	0.2
	Stolon pubescence	Sparse to	Sparse	Sparse to
		medium		medium

Table 6 shows inflorescence characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. These characteristics include inflorescence position relative to foliage, flower type, flower size, petal shape, relative petal spacing, petal apex shape, petal margin, petal base shape, petal length, petal width, petal length/width ratio, number of petals, petal color, stigma color, style color, anther color, filament color, flower truss type, and anther number.

TABLE 6
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’
Inflorescence	Slightly below	Slightly below	At or slightly
position	to slightly	canopy	below canopy
	above canopy
Flower type	Complete	Complete	Complete
	simple	simple	simple
Flower diameter	3.6	3.7	3.4
(cm)
Petal shape	Circular to	Circular to	Circular to
	obovate	obovate	obovate
Petal spacing	Touching to	Touching to	Overlapping
	overlapping	overlapping
Petal apex shape	Circular	Circular	Circular
Petal margin	Entire	Entire	Entire
Petal base shape	Obovate	Obovate	Obovate
Petal length (cm)	13.0	13.0	12.7
Petal width (cm)	11.6	12.5	12.2
Petal length/	1.13	1.04	1.00
width ratio
Petal count	8.0	7.2	7.2
Petal color	White Group	White Group	White Group
	155D	155D	155D
Stigma color	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange
	Group 22A	Group 22B	Group 20B
Style color	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green
	Group 150A	Group 150B	Group 150A
Anther color	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange	Yellow-Orange
	Group 20A	Group 20A	Group 20A
Filament color	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green
	Group 150C	Group 150D	Group 150D
Blooming habit	Spring bloomer	Spring bloomer	Spring bloomer
Anther number	33.2	24.6	22.2

Table 7 shows fruit characteristics of the new cultivar compared to ‘Allstar’ and ‘Ovation’. These characteristics include number of berries per truss, fruiting truss attitude, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit length/width ratio, fruit weight, relative fruit size, predominant fruit shape, difference in shape between primary and secondary fruit, fruit glossiness, fruit core color, fruit cavity size, band without achenes, evenness of fruit surface, top color, non-blush side color, blush side color, internal color, achene color, achene count per fruit, calyx color, insertion of calyx, pose of calyx segments, size of calyx in relation to fruit, ease of calyx removal, firmness of flesh, evenness of flesh color, distribution of flesh color, sweetness, acidity, Brix, pH, titratable acidity, texture when tasted, time of flowering, harvest maturity (50% of plants with ripe fruit), type of bearing, and yield.

TABLE 7
Characteristic	‘Cordial’	‘All star’	‘Ovation’

Number of	9.2	11.3	13.5
berries per
fruiting truss
Fruiting truss	Prostrate	Prostrate	Prostrate
attitude
Diameter	4.8	4.3	3.5
fruit (cm)
Length fruit	4.2	4.3	4.2
(cm)
Ratio fruit	0.9	1.0	1.2
length/width
Weight of	18.5	10.0	13.9
fruit (g)
Relative	Medium to	Medium	Medium to
fruit size	Large		Large
Predominant	Conic to	Conic	Conic
fruit shape	globose conic
Difference in	Slight, more	Moderate	Moderate
shap ebetween	uniform
primary and
secondary fruits
Fruit glossiness	Strong	Strong	Strong
Fruit core color	Light red	Light red	Light red
Fruit cavity size	Absent to small	Absent to small	Absent to small
Band without	Absent to very	Absent to	Absent to
achenes	narrow	moderate	moderate
Evenness of	Very even	Even to slightly	Even to slightly
fruit surface		uneven	uneven
Color of top	Red Group 45A	Red Group 44A	Red Group 45A
of fruit
Non-blush	Red Group 44A	Orange-Red	Red Group 44A
side color		Group 33A
Blush side	Red Group 45A	Red Group 45A	Red Group 45A
color
Internal	Orange-Red	Orange-Red	Orange-Red
flesh color	Group 33A 33B,	Group 33A	Group 33A
	White 155D	33B 33C,	33B,
		Orange-White	White 155D
		Group 159D
Achene	At surface	At surface	At surface
position
Achene color	Yellow-Green	Greyed-Yellow	Greyed-Yellow
	Group 153B,	Group 160A,	Group 160B,
	Red Group 45A	Red Group 45A	Red Group 45A
Achene count	519	397	248
Insertion of	At surface	At surface slightly	At surface to
calyx		necked	slightly necked
Calyx color	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green	Yellow-Green
	148B	148B	148B
Pose of calyx	Reflexed to	Reflexed to	Reflexed to
segments	spreading	clasping	spreading
Size of calyx	Same to larger	Same to slightly	Slightly smaller
in relation to		larger	to slightly
fruit			larger
Ease of calyx	Difficult	Difficult	Difficult
removal
Firmness of	Firm	Medium to firm	Medium to firm
flesh
Evenness of	Somewhat	Not even	Uneven
flesh color	even
Distribution	Orange-red	Relatively large	Orange-red
of flesh color	heart, slightly	light orange-red	heart, white
	darker exterior,	heart, very pale	ring, orange
	white near the	ring and lines	red exterior,
	proximal end	radiating to	with visible
		achenes, orange	lines towards
		red exterior,	each achene
Sweetness	Medium	Medium	Medium
Acidity	Mild	Mild	Mild
Brix (percent	7.6	7.5	7.8
soluble solids)
pH	3.79	3.85	3.55
Texture when	Fine and juicy	Fine and juicy	Fine and juicy
tasted
Time of	April to May	April to May	April to May
flowering
Harvest	Early June	Late May	Early June
maturity (50%
of plant with
ripe fruit)
Type of	Short Day/June	Short Day/June	Short Day/June
bearing	Bearing	Bearing	Bearing
Yield (kg/	0.79	0.61	0.54
plant)

COMPARISON WITH PARENTAL AND OTHER CULTIVARS

When ‘Cordial’ is compared to female parent, B1893 (unpatented), the fruits are less susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot (Botrytis cinerea). When ‘Cordial’ is compared to male parent, B1805 (unpatented), a full sibling of ‘Keepsake’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 30,578), the fruits are more resistant to anthracnose fruit rot (Colletotrichum acutatum) and produce more stolons (runners). ‘Cordial’ plants respond to powdery mildew (Spaerotheca macularis), leaf blight (Phomopsis obscurans), leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earliana), and common leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fragariae) similarly to those of ‘Allstar’ and are less susceptible than ‘Ovation’ plants. ‘Cordial’ plants respond to bacterial angular leafspot (Xanthomonas fragariae) similarly to those of ‘Ovation’ and are less susceptible than ‘Allstar’ plants.

Claims (1)

We claim:

1. A new and distinct cultivar of strawberry plant named ‘Cordial’, substantially as illustrated and described herein.

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