USPP20647P3 - Strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’ - Google Patents

Strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’ Download PDF

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Publication number
USPP20647P3
USPP20647P3 US12/080,973 US8097308V USPP20647P3 US PP20647 P3 USPP20647 P3 US PP20647P3 US 8097308 V US8097308 V US 8097308V US PP20647 P3 USPP20647 P3 US PP20647P3
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fruit
tamir
israel
color
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Nir Dai
Zecharia Tanami
Sara Slotzky
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Agricultural Research Organization of Israel Ministry of Agriculture
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Agricultural Research Organization of Israel Ministry of Agriculture
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
    • A01H6/7409—Fragaria, i.e. strawberries
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H5/08—Fruits

Definitions

  • TAMIR Variety denomination: ‘TAMIR’.
  • the present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry variety named ‘TAMIR’.
  • the variety is botanically known as Fragaria ananassa Duch.
  • the new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventors, Nir Dai, Zecharia Tanami and Sara Slotzky in Bet-Dagan, Israel.
  • the objective of the breeding program is to develop a new infra short-day strawberry variety having premium fruit quality (appearance, firmness and flavor), which produces high marketable yields from the beginning of November.
  • This new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ is a result of a controlled cross made by the inventors in 2000, in Bet-Dagan, Israel.
  • the female or seed parent is strawberry variety designated ‘HADAS’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 1860, Date: Jan. 20, 1999) and in Europe (No. EU 6445, Date: Jul. 3, 2000).
  • the male or pollen parent is strawberry variety designated ‘HERUT’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 2243, Date: May 2, 2002) and in Europe (No. EU 21583, Date: Dec. 17, 2007).
  • the new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ was discovered and selected by the inventors as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in March of 2001, in controlled environment of an experimental greenhouse in Bet-Dagan, Israel.
  • the new variety was asexually propagated by stolons in a nursery located in Bet-Dagan, Israel.
  • the new variety was extensively tested over the following years in few small commercial fields in Moshav Tsofit, Kadima and Qalansawa, Israel. This propagation has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.
  • TAMIR is primarily adapted to the climate and growing conditions of the Sharon coastal plain, at 32° latitude, located in Israel and to similar climatic regions. This region provides the needed growing conditions of autumn with high temperatures that promote primary plant growth and earliness of fruit production; and mild winter with moderate temperatures and many sunny days with low humidity, maintaining plant vigorous and fruit quality during the production months.
  • TAMIR unique characteristics of ‘TAMIR’, which in combination distinguish this strawberry plant as a new and distinct variety:
  • Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ differ from plants of the parents, ‘HADAS’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 1860, Date: Jan. 20, 1999) and in Europe (No. EU 6445, Date: Jul. 3, 2000), and ‘HERUT’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 2243, Date: May 2, 2002) and in Europe (No. EU 21583, Date: Dec. 17, 2007) in the characteristics described in Table 1.
  • the most similar in comparison to the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ is the male or pollen parental cultivar, strawberry variety ‘HERUT’ (registered for PBR in Israel and Europe). Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ differ from plants of strawberry variety ‘HERUT’ in the characteristics described in Table 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows typical fruiting field characteristics of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007.
  • FIG. 2 shows a close-up view of the typical leaf structure of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
  • FIG. 3A shows typical mature and immature field fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007 and
  • FIG. 3B shows typical mature and immature field fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
  • FIG. 4 shows a close-up external view of mature fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007.
  • FIG. 5 shows a close-up internal view of mature fruit characteristics of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
  • FIG. 6 Average August to March maximum and minimum temperatures, during the main strawberry growing season at the fruit production field.
  • FIG. 7 The genetic polymorphic pattern of 12 strawberry accessions at two CAPS markers: A. APX- MluI and B. CTI-HinfI (following Kunisha, et al. (2003)).
  • TAMIR has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The characteristics of the new variety may vary in detail, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type and location.
  • Mother plants provided from an authorized nursery are planted in the beginning of May, in the field nursery at 2.5 m ⁇ 2.5 m distance. Combination of overhead and drip irrigation with addition of fertilizers is used.
  • the average day/night temperatures during the establishment of the daughter plants, between June to August, are 32° C./18° C. respectively.
  • Runners appear from June, which produce young daughter plants up till mid September, these are then collected and planted directly in the commercial fields.
  • the bare rooted plants are washed from soil and dipped in Octav (Prochloraz manganese) 2 g/Liter solution to avoid anthracnose. These bare rooted plants are then planted in raised beds with overhead irrigation in 4 rows at 30 cm apart. Distance between plants within rows is 32 cm. During the first month, no fertilizers are added, due to the addition of 60–100 m 3 /hectar compost during field preparation. About 4 weeks after planting the beds are covered with silvery-black, 30 micron polyethylene. The young plants are pulled out through the pre-prepared holes. From this point on, the plants are irrigated with a drip system with a supply of additional fertilizers, as is typically used in agricultural practice. By the end of October the beds are covered with transparent, 80 micron thick polyethylene tunnels. The average day (max) and night (minimum) temperatures during the cultivation season are shown in FIG. 6 .
  • Androecium Stamen: Number per flower: About 20 to 30. Filament: Length: About 3 mm to 4 mm. Color: Light yellow green, closest to RHS 145D. Anther: Length: About 1 mm. Color: Yellow-orange, RHS 17A. Gynoecium: Receptacles: Shape: Spherical. Length: About 5 mm to 6 mm. Diameter: About 4 mm to 6 mm. Color: Green, RHS 143C. Style: Length: About 3 mm to 4 mm. Color: Dark yellow, closest to RHS 13A.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’. This new strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’ is primarily adapted to the climate and growing conditions of the growing conditions of the Sharon coastal plain, at 32° latitude, located in Israel, and is primarily characterized by low amounts of runners (stolons) production in the propagating nursery; no chilling requirement for flower induction; very early fruit production from the first week of November in Israel; moderate plant size with open, flattened habit; fruiting trusses position level with foliage; large fruit size, orange-red in color; high fruit firmness even in high temperatures; juicy fruit texture with strong flavor; very nice appearance with yellowish achenes over bright red fruit skin; and high field tolerance to powdery mildew.

Description

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Fragaria ananassa.
Variety denomination: ‘TAMIR’.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry variety named ‘TAMIR’. The variety is botanically known as Fragaria ananassa Duch.
The new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventors, Nir Dai, Zecharia Tanami and Sara Slotzky in Bet-Dagan, Israel. The objective of the breeding program is to develop a new infra short-day strawberry variety having premium fruit quality (appearance, firmness and flavor), which produces high marketable yields from the beginning of November.
This new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ is a result of a controlled cross made by the inventors in 2000, in Bet-Dagan, Israel. The female or seed parent is strawberry variety designated ‘HADAS’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 1860, Date: Jan. 20, 1999) and in Europe (No. EU 6445, Date: Jul. 3, 2000). The male or pollen parent is strawberry variety designated ‘HERUT’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 2243, Date: May 2, 2002) and in Europe (No. EU 21583, Date: Dec. 17, 2007). The new strawberry ‘TAMIR’ was discovered and selected by the inventors as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in March of 2001, in controlled environment of an experimental greenhouse in Bet-Dagan, Israel. After its selection, the new variety was asexually propagated by stolons in a nursery located in Bet-Dagan, Israel. The new variety was extensively tested over the following years in few small commercial fields in Moshav Tsofit, Kadima and Qalansawa, Israel. This propagation has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
‘TAMIR’ is primarily adapted to the climate and growing conditions of the Sharon coastal plain, at 32° latitude, located in Israel and to similar climatic regions. This region provides the needed growing conditions of autumn with high temperatures that promote primary plant growth and earliness of fruit production; and mild winter with moderate temperatures and many sunny days with low humidity, maintaining plant vigorous and fruit quality during the production months.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be unique characteristics of ‘TAMIR’, which in combination distinguish this strawberry plant as a new and distinct variety:
    • 1. Low amounts of runners (stolons) production in the propagating nursery;
    • 2. No chilling requirement for flower induction;
    • 3. Very early fruit production from the first week of November in Israel;
    • 4. Moderate plant size with open, flattened habit;
    • 5. Fruiting trusses position level with foliage;
    • 6. Large fruit size, orange-red in color;
    • 7. High fruit firmness even in high temperatures;
    • 8. Juicy fruit texture with strong flavor;
    • 9. Very nice appearance with yellowish achenes over bright red fruit skin; and
    • 10. High field tolerance to powdery mildew.
Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ differ from plants of the parents, ‘HADAS’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 1860, Date: Jan. 20, 1999) and in Europe (No. EU 6445, Date: Jul. 3, 2000), and ‘HERUT’, registered for PBR in Israel (No. 2243, Date: May 2, 2002) and in Europe (No. EU 21583, Date: Dec. 17, 2007) in the characteristics described in Table 1.
TABLE 1
‘HADAS’ ‘HERUT’
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’ Registered Registered
Average fruit 22 gram 25 gram 20 gram
weight (gm)
Unevenness of Absent or very Weak Weak
fruit surface weak
Insertion of Level with Level with Slightly below
achenes surface surface surface
Attitude of calyx Clasping or Clasping or Clasping or
detached detached detached
Firmness of the Firm Medium Medium
fruit
Plant size Medium Medium Large
Average number Few Many Very many
of stolons
Foliage color Medium to dark Dark Medium to
(upper surface) dark
Interveinal leaf Weak Weak Weak
blistering
Vigor Medium Medium Strong
Position relative Level with Above Beneath
to foliage
Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the most similar in comparison to the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ is the male or pollen parental cultivar, strawberry variety ‘HERUT’ (registered for PBR in Israel and Europe). Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ differ from plants of strawberry variety ‘HERUT’ in the characteristics described in Table 2.
TABLE 2
‘HERUT’
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’ Registered
Average fruit weight (gm) 22 gram 20 gram
Insertion of achenes Level with surface Slightly below
surface
Attitude of calyx Clasping or detached Clasping or
detached
Firmness of the fruit Firm Medium
Plant size Medium Large
Average number of stolons Few Very many
Fruit color Orange-red Red to dark red
Fruit tip color Without green tip Dominant green tip
Foliage size Medium Large
Inflorescence position Level with Beneath
relative to foliage
For its identification, a series of molecular markers have been developed for this new variety. The genetic polymorphic pattern of two Cleavage Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) markers (A. APX- MluI and B. CTI-HinfI (Kunihisa et al., 2003)) that differ between the new strawberry cultivar ‘TAMIR’ and the main commercial Israeli strawberry cultivars, as well as, other widely known strawberry cultivars is shown in FIG. 7.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS
The accompanying color photographs illustrate the overall appearance of typical specimens of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’, at various stages of development as true as it is reasonably possible with color reproductions of this type. Color in the photographs may differ slightly from the color value cited in the botanical description which accurately describes the color of ‘TAMIR’. The depicted plant and plant parts of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ were taken in Moshav Tsofit, Israel, and are approximately 5 month old.
FIG. 1 shows typical fruiting field characteristics of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007.
FIG. 2 shows a close-up view of the typical leaf structure of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
FIG. 3A shows typical mature and immature field fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007 and
FIG. 3B shows typical mature and immature field fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
FIG. 4 shows a close-up external view of mature fruit of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2007.
FIG. 5 shows a close-up internal view of mature fruit characteristics of ‘TAMIR’ taken in February of 2008.
FIG. 6. Average August to March maximum and minimum temperatures, during the main strawberry growing season at the fruit production field.
FIG. 7. The genetic polymorphic pattern of 12 strawberry accessions at two CAPS markers: A. APX- MluI and B. CTI-HinfI (following Kunisha, et al. (2003)).
 DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
‘TAMIR’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The characteristics of the new variety may vary in detail, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type and location.
The aforementioned photographs, together with the following observations, measurements and values describe the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’, unless otherwise noted, taken during the winter of the growing season 2007–2008 in Moshav Geolim and Bet-Dagan, Israel. The observations, measurements and values were taken from plants of ‘TAMIR’ dug from a low-elevation nursery located in Moshav Geolim and Bet-Dagan, Israel, during September, 2007 and planted directly, without any chilling, in the same day in the commercial field in Moshav Geolim and experimental greenhouse Bet-Dagan, Israel. Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘TAMIR’ were grown under conditions which closely approximate those generally used in commercial practice.
Growing conditions at the nursery:
Mother plants provided from an authorized nursery are planted in the beginning of May, in the field nursery at 2.5 m×2.5 m distance. Combination of overhead and drip irrigation with addition of fertilizers is used. The average day/night temperatures during the establishment of the daughter plants, between June to August, are 32° C./18° C. respectively. Runners appear from June, which produce young daughter plants up till mid September, these are then collected and planted directly in the commercial fields.
Growing conditions at the fruit production field:
The bare rooted plants are washed from soil and dipped in Octav (Prochloraz manganese) 2 g/Liter solution to avoid anthracnose. These bare rooted plants are then planted in raised beds with overhead irrigation in 4 rows at 30 cm apart. Distance between plants within rows is 32 cm. During the first month, no fertilizers are added, due to the addition of 60–100 m3/hectar compost during field preparation. About 4 weeks after planting the beds are covered with silvery-black, 30 micron polyethylene. The young plants are pulled out through the pre-prepared holes. From this point on, the plants are irrigated with a drip system with a supply of additional fertilizers, as is typically used in agricultural practice. By the end of October the beds are covered with transparent, 80 micron thick polyethylene tunnels. The average day (max) and night (minimum) temperatures during the cultivation season are shown in FIG. 6.
During winter in Israel, most days have full sunlight and only average of 82 rainy days from August to June, producing about 620 mm precipitation. The commercial fields are not treated with growth regulators and regularly are irrigated and fertilized according to need during fruit production.
Yield observations and fruit quality characteristics are averaged from 2 years of data collected from the 2006 to 2007 and 2007 to 2008 growing seasons. Flower measurements and characteristics are from secondary flowers unless otherwise noted. Fruit characteristics and measurements are from secondary fruit unless otherwise noted.
Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.), except where general colors of ordinary significance are used. Color values were taken under daylight conditions between 10:00 a.m. to noon in Bet-Dagan, Israel. The approximate age of the observed plants is 4 to 6 months.
The following Tables 3 to 9 describe fruit, plant, stolon, foliage, fruiting truss, flower and pest/disease characteristics of the new strawberry ‘TAMIR’.
TABLE 3
FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Color of mature fruit Orange-red, RHS 34A
Color of internal flesh Orange-red, RHS 33B
Length (cm) 5 cm to 7 cm
Width (cm) 3.2 cm to 4 cm
Ratio length/width Longer than broad
Calyx diameter (cm) 3.0 cm to 3.5 cm
Average weight (gm) About 22 gram
Achene color Yellow-green, RHS 154B
Number of achenes per berry About 200
Achene weight (mg) Not relevant
Marketable yield (gm/plt) Monthly yield
Nov. 53 gram/plant
Dec. 143 gram/plant
Jan. 155 gram/plant
Feb. 184 gram/plant
Mar. 232 gram/plant
Apr. 165 gram/plant
May 119 gram/plant
Total: 1051 gram/plant
Size Large
Predominant shape Conical
Difference in shapes Slight
between primary and
secondary fruit
Band without achenes Narrow
Unevenness of surface Weak
Evenness of color Slightly uneven
Glossiness Medium to strong
Insertion of achenes Level with
Insertion of calyx Level
Attitude of the calyx Clasping or detached
Size of calyx in relation to Same size
fruit diameter
Adherence of calyx Strong
Firmness of skin Not relevant
Firmness of flesh Firm
Distribution of red color When viewed in longitudinal section -
of the flesh marginal distribution of orange-red color
of flesh of fruit (orange-red color (RHS
33B) towards outer rim of flesh of fruit,
and white (RHS N155B) near inner part of
flesh of fruit)
Hollow center expression Weak
Flavor Strong
Soluble solids (% brix) 8.5-10%
Time of first flowering Very early, from the beginning of October
Time of first harvesting Very early, from the beginning of
November
Harvest period November to June
Type of bearing Partially remontant
TABLE 4
PLANT CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Height (cm) 8 cm to 13 cm
Spread (cm) 28 cm to 33 cm
Size Medium
Habit Flattened - globular
Density Sparse.
Vigor Moderate
TABLE 5
STOLON CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Average number per plant Few
Fruiting field Few, until the first harvest
Average Length: About 2.5 m
Color: Green, RHS 144B
Anthocyanin coloration Greyed-red RHS 181C
Anthocyanin intensity Very weak to weak
Diameter at bract (mm) 3 mm to 4 mm
Pubescence Strong
TABLE 6
FOLIAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Foliage:
Color of upper surface Medium to dark green, RHS 137A
Color of under side Light green, RHS 138B
Shape in cross section Slightly concave
Interveinal blistering Weak
Glossiness Weak to medium
Number of leaflets Only three
Terminal Leaflet:
Length (cm) 6 cm to 8 cm
Width (cm) About 6 cm
Length/width ratio Slightly longer than broad
Incision of margin Crenate
Shape of base Rounded
Shape of teeth Rounded
Petiole:
Length (cm) 8 cm to 9 cm
Diameter (mm) About 3 mm
Petiolule length (mm) 4 mm to 7 mm
Pubescence Dense
Attitude of hairs Outwards
Stipule:
Length (mm) About 30 mm
Width (mm) About 10 mm
Anthocyanin coloration None
Color Yellow-green, RHS 145B
TABLE 7
FRUITING TRUSS CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Length (cm) About 6 cm
Position relative to foliage Level with
Pubescence Strong
Anthocyanin intensity None
Attitude at first pick Prostrate
Difference between primary Very slight
and secondary flower
TABLE 8
FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Petal color
Mature (upper) White, RHS 155B
Mature (lower) White, RHS 155B
Immature (upper) Not relevant
Immature (lower) Not relevant
Petal shape
Overall Rounded
Apex Rounded
Base Rounded
Petal length (mm) 10 mm to 12 mm
Petal width (mm) 11 mm to 13 mm
Petal length/width ratio Slightly broader than long
Number of petals/flower Typically 5, sometimes 6
Sepals color
Mature (upper) Medium green, RHS 137C
Mature (lower) Light green, RHS 138B
Immature (upper) Not relevant
Immature (lower) Not relevant
Sepal shape
Overall Elliptic
Apex Typically acute
Base Truncate
Sepal length (mm) 10 mm to 12 mm
Sepal width (mm) 4 mm to 6 mm
Sepal length/width ratio Longer than broad
Number of sepals/flower Typically 10, sometimes 20
Corolla diameter (mm) 30 mm to 34 mm
Calyx diameter (mm) 35 mm to 40 mm
Size of calyx relative to Slightly longer
corolla
Size of inner calyx Slightly smaller
relative to outer calyx
Relative position of petals Overlapping
TABLE 9
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Androecium:
Stamen:
Number per flower: About 20 to 30.
Filament:
Length: About 3 mm to 4 mm.
Color: Light yellow green, closest to RHS 145D.
Anther:
Length: About 1 mm.
Color: Yellow-orange, RHS 17A.
Gynoecium:
Receptacles:
Shape: Spherical.
Length: About 5 mm to 6 mm.
Diameter: About 4 mm to 6 mm.
Color: Green, RHS 143C.
Style:
Length: About 3 mm to 4 mm.
Color: Dark yellow, closest to RHS 13A.
TABLE 10
PEST AND DISEASE REACTIONS
Characteristic ‘TAMIR’
Two spotted spider mite No testing/observations
Lygus bug No testing/observations
Flower thrips No testing/observations
Powdery mildew Tolerant
Botrytis fruit rot Moderately tolerant
Angular leaf spot No testing/observations

Claims (1)

1. A new and distinct strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’, as herein described and illustrated by the characteristics set forth above, having a low number of daughter plants in the propagation nursery, not requiring chilling for flower induction, and having very early fruit production from the first week of November.
US12/080,973 2007-04-10 2008-04-08 Strawberry plant named ‘TAMIR’ Active 2028-04-25 USPP20647P3 (en)

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Title
Kunihisa, et al., "Development of Cleavage Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) Markers for Identification of Strawberry Cultivars," Euphytica, 2003, vol. 134, No. 2, pp. 209-215.

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