US997642A - Repeating firearm. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. WHEELER, G. A. BECK & M. HEPBURN.

REPEATNG PIRBARM. APPLICATION FILED :11111.31, 1911.

Patented July 11`, 1911.

3 SHET-SHEET l.

JH T MELA J. H. WHEELER, G. A. BECK & M. HBPBURN. REPBATING HREARM. APPLICATION TTLBD JAN. 31, i911.

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Patented July 11, 1911.

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J. H. WHEELER, G. A. BECK & M. HEPBURN. REPEATING EIREARM. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 31, 1911.

@97,6%2, Patented July 11,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

safety block.

ENTTEE sA ATNT Erie.

JOHN HENRY WHEELER, GUsTAvE ADOLF BECK, AND MELVIN HEPBUEN, OE NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, AssIGNOEs To THE MARLIN EIREAEMS COMPANY, OE NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OE CONNECTICUT.

REPEATING FIBEARM.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1.1, 191.1.

Application filedy .Tanuary 31, 1911. Serial No. 605,671.

sidiiig at New Haven, county of ew llaven,

State of Connecticut, `liai'e invented certain new and useful Improvements in Repeating Firearms. of which the following is a tull,

elear, and exact description. I

Our inrention relates to anA improvement the provision of novel safety apparatus which eoacts with the breech mechanism in such a manner as to render absolutely secure the locking ot the breech block against any possibili@Y Ot blow back. ln many respects certain parts ot 'the ire ariii shown herein will be 'found to be illiistrate-fl and described in detail iii United States Letters Patent to L. L. `Hepburn, numbered 882,561, dated March 21th, 1908, hence, as to such parts, only a general de scription need be resorted to herein.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the breech portion Ot a gun, one side plate beine` partly broken awaj.' to show the position et certain internal parts. Fig. :i similar View, certain of the internal parts being iii a dilierent position. Fig'. J3 is a. detail view. partly in section, ot' the breech block, tiring pin and locking bolt. Fig. -1

a side elevation, partly in section, with one side. plate entirely removed, showing;l the internal parts in one position. Fin'. 5 is a similar View. showing said parts in another position. Fig. (3 an inside Yiew ot the side plate carried bj; the stock portion. toe'ether with certain parts ii'ionnted thereon. Fie' 7 is a horizontal section on the. line .rh-a1, Fig. G. Figs. S and El are views oi dill'erent moditieations ot the saine part. Fig. 10 is a view of tlze under side ot' a Fig. 11 is an end elevation thereof. Figi. 1'2 is a plan View ot a loekiugi' bolt. Fig. 12% is a side clevatioii thereof. Fig'. 11 is a rear end elevation thereof. Fig. 15 is a side. elevation of a sa't'et)Y seni'.

1 represents the. stock portion, '.5 represents the barrel portion. ln this particular construction, the stock and barrel portions are made conveniently detachable Ytor the purposes ottake-down, each ot said parts.

carrying forward ly and rearwardlT projecting overlapping sido plates 'which may be in repeating' firearms and has tor its Object,

connected in any suitable manner when the gun is set iip ready for tiring. The side plate carried by the stock portion is indicated at 8, whi.1 the side plate carried by the barrel portion is indicated at 4t. l

5 is an overhangiug top plate, in this instance larried by the side plate 4.

G is a reciiirocating. breech block arranged to slide toiaiid tro underneath the top plate 7 is a tiring pin movable to and t'ro in the breech block.

8 is a locking bolt, in this instance in the forni of a bell crank, the same being pivoted to rook in a recess in the underside OI' the breech block. lVheii the locking bolt is tilted down into the locking position (indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 23), the tiring pin is pressed back under the action ofthe iisnal spring E) so that the horn 10, carried by the tiring pin, will orerstand and hold down the looking bolt. The locking bolt, when tilted down, engages ai fixed abutment 11, and so long as it is in this position, the breech block will be held positivel;7 in its forward closed position,

12 is an action rod.

13 is a sliding,r handle arranged 'underneai'h the barrel i), and eoi'ineeted to the rod 12 so that by reciprocating' said handle to and tro the breech,mechanism will be actuated. The rod 12 makes Operative engage ment with thel locking` bolt.

1l is a cartridge carrier pivotally mounted at 15. Y

1o is a spring pressed stud arranged on the rear side ot the depending arm of the locking,l bolt when viewed as shown in Figs. ft and 5. This stud, when the parts are in the positions indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, is pressed back by resting against the sur- Vtace of the carri-er 111. lVhen the gun is unlocked and the breech bloelcretracted, the locking' bolt will move back with the breech block until the stud 1G clears the tail end oi" the carrier 14;, whereupoirit will be projected out so as to ,stand to the rear of the cam incline 17 .on 'the tail end of said carrier. lVheii the breech block is moved forwardly again, this stud 16, acting against the incline 17, will tilt the carrier so as to carry up a fresh cartridge ready for insertion into the barrel. As soon as the passed the'` high part ,of thev incline 17,

vwhereupon theforvvard end ofv the carrier magazine 19, the cut-off, the extractor and' ejector mechanism since ally ythose parts, as well asall of the parts described up to this point may be of any well known construction or correspond closely'with thesame parts shown and described in detail in ther above referred to patent.

Our invention aims at securing the absolute safety of the firearm when employed with other than low-powered or'small caliber cartridges, the new parts being so arranged, and coaeting in such a manner, di-

` rectly and indirectly with the' locking bolt that the same cannot be -released until after the discharge of the cartridge has occurred,

thereby preventing any danger of fblow' Referring to Fig. 15,2% represents what ve will' term a safety scar, the same being pivoted inthe breech frame at 25.v rlhis safety scar has a tail end 26 which is arranged to project into a notchin the hub of the hammer when the latter is at full cock and so long as'the breech block is not locked, said 4locking position of said sear being indicated in Fig. y W hen, however, the breech blockis fully locked, the tail endof the locking bolt 8 will engage the forward end of the Sear 2e and tilt it into the position shown in Fig. t, thereby freeing 4its tail 26 from the notch in the hubv of the hammer so as to permit the latter, lwhen the trigger 23 gis pulled, to' advance, thereby guaranteeing the complete locking of the arm before 'the hammer can descend to ad 'Vance the firing pin 7. p

27 is a spring` which 'is arranged to move:

the scar 2/1 into the locking position when the hammer is down 'and the locking bolt is lifted. i

28 is a safety block pivoted at 29 in the lower. part `of the breech frame. The forward'end of said safety block is pressed up- -Wardly by a spring pressed stud 30, yor equivalent device. This forward end. of the safety block is beveled rearwardly' and is arranged to engage the rear end vof the acf ltion rod 12, as shown in Fig. 4.-,when the latter is fully advanced and the breech is locked.4 This. safety block is held in said position by any suitable means, but we have shown herein a preferred means comprising a sliding bolt 8l mounted upon t-he inside` of theV side plate The rear end of this bolt, as shown inFigs. 6, 7` S and 9 (Figs.

'as Ithe cartridge is exploding.

vthe locking bolt and permit it to tilt up.

8 and 9 illustrating modifications) is pro `vided with a laterally extending portion or pin 32 which projects to the rear of the hub of the'hammer, said hub being provided with a shoulder arranged to engage said pin so as to retract the boltl (see Fig. 6) when the hammer is advanced. When the hammeris cocked, the bolt 31 is moved for` tilted 'down to the position shown in Fig;

5 by retracting the action rod 12, the 'inclined engagement between these' parts effecting said. tilting down movement. It will be. observed that the'connection between the action rod 12 and the depending arm of the .locking bolt comprises a stud 37 standing in.

an openingor hole in the rear end of the action rod 12. This hole i's elongated in the line of the' action rod to form a slot 36.so that there will be a slight amount of lost motion, said lostv motion being provided for the purpose of permitting said rod 12 to be retracted sufficiently to depress the forward end of the -block 28 before the wall at the forward end' .of vthe slot will Iengage said rstud 37 and commeneefto unloc-k the' lock ing bolt.

In Fig. 1, lthe gun is shown locked and with the hammer down, the parts appearing iii-that position ijn which they would stand After the cartridge has exploded and the-action rod is retracted, it Will first move to the position indicated'` in 'dotted lines andldepress the safety block 28 to the positin shown in dotted lines before it will begin tov move the locking bolt.. A continued rearward movement of the rod 12 will now tilt the locking bolt from 'the locked to the unlocked position i by reason of the fact that the firing pin is advanced so as-to disengagethe .rearend of A full retraction of the action rod .1.2 will then moveback the breech block, extract and l ej'ect t-he empty shell and cock the hammer,

whereupon the latter will become locked by the safety sear24. The forwardmovement of the rodrl2 Willoperate the carrier to con'- vey a fresh cartridge from the magazine up to a position in .front of the now advancing breech block Whichwill engage the same and push it into the barrel. During the vretraction and forward ,movement of the action rod 12, said rod will restupon the top of 'p the shoulder at the forward end of the safetyv block 2S, holding the samedepressed sothat even though the hammer is cocked. the bolt 31 will not advance inasmuch as its forward end is held back by engagement against the shoulder 85S. The momentl the breech block is fully advanced, a slightly continued forward movement of the rod 12 will tilt the locking bolt into the locking position indicated in Fig. 4, whereupon the sear 21k will be tilted to free the hammer; the safety block 28 will spring up to a position behind the rear end of the action rod 12 and the safety bolt 31 will spring forward to its p0- sition under the shoulder 35 of the said safety block to hold it in its elevated or safety position, whereupon the gun is again ready to fire.

By the foregoing, or a substantially equivalent arrangement of part. fthevrearm may be used with the greatest safety when eartridges of high power' or relatively large caliber are used. In such heavier service said safety devices are exceedingly desirable for although in the ordinary operation of the gun, as herein shown, it might only rarely happen that the user would so carelessl handle the gun as to inadvertently unlock the same and invite a blow back the presence of the safety apparatus herein described guarantees against such an accident even by the nnskilful use of the firearm.

3f) is a finger piece standing on the outside of the plate 3 and connected through a slot 4 with the bolt 31 whereby the latter may be operated to release the block il@ should it for an)1 reason be desirable to unlock the breech block when the hammer' is cocked; said unlocking of the breech under such circumstances being permitted by first manually retracting the bolt- 31 and then partially lthe action rod 12, following which, by pressing with the thumb against the rear end of the firing pin, the locking bolt would be released to permit the continued rear movement of the action rod and the opening of the breech.

In the modifications shown in Figs. 8 and 9 we have shown a further safety attachmentl upon the bolt 31 which operates as a secondary safety device to guard against the releasing of the safety block 28 even after the hammer has descended and until the cartridge has been discharged. As is well known. the user of a pump`7 gun always has one hand in engagement with thc handle 13; and while aiming and firing the same, he involuntarily pulls back upon the same to hold the firearm lirmly against the shoulder. This pulling back on said handle always invites the danger of a premature nnlocking of the gun, which would result, in the eventI the cartridge hangs lire, in

`blowing open the breech. To guard against this, we have provided said secondary safety means to prevent the release of the safety block 28, even though the hammer has advanced and the bolt 31 has been retracted.

This secondary safety means may be lnoditied in various ways. ln Fig. S we have shown it in the form ot a .small bell-crank lever 40, pivoted aiy 4.1 in a slot in the forward end of the bolt 31. The upper end of this bell-crank lever lnay project slightly above. the upper surface of the bolt l, and it is thisl upper end of said lever that cngages with the under side ot the shoulder atthe forward cnd of the safety block 2S, hence it follows that a rearward pull of the action rod 1Q will tend to force the block 2S downwardly so as to hold it friction-tight upon the upper end of the bell-crank l0.' Now, if the hammer is advanced and the bolt 31 retracted, the upper end of the bellcrank 40 will tilt forward, or hang. underneath the safety block thereby holding the same in the safety position until the cartridge has been discharged. The recoil of the cartridge will cause the user to involuntarily and momentarily release his rearward pull upon the action rod so that the drag on the safety block QS against the upper end of the lever Litl/will be released and the latter will swing back into its normal position under the inllncnce of ar spring 42, thereby releasing the safety block to permit the user to again operate the breech mechanism in the manner previously descri ed'.

In Fig. 9 we have shownfa modification of the secondary safety means in which, instead of providing a` swinging piece like/the bell-crank L10 at the for 'ard end of the` bolt 31, we have provided a` reciprocating piece 43 which is suitably mounted on the end of the bolt 31 so that the main body of said bolt 31 may be retracted by the dropping of the hammer without retracting the piece 43, leaving the latter in the forward safety block engaging position, it being there held in the same manner as described in connection with the part 40. A spring 44 may be en'iployed to restore the part 43 toits. .normal position when the drag between the safety block 28 and said piece 43 is released by the discharge of a cartridge and the incidental recoil of the firearm.

lVhile we have shown our invention and improven'ients in their much to be preferred forms, it should, of course, be understood that we contemplate that various changes may be made in manyT details without departing from the spirit and scope of the in vention.

lVhat we claim is:

1. ln a repeating firearm, a breech frame7 a reciprocating breech bolt, an action rod operatively connected to said breech bolt, a safety device comprising a blocking member arranged to prevent the retraction of said action rod when said blocking member is in one position, a hanuner and means for holding said blocking memberiii said position when said hammer is cocked, said means comprising a bolt arranged to engage said blocking member.

2. In a repeating firearm', a breech frame,

a reciprocating breech bolt, an action rod .operatively connected to said breech bolt, a

safety device comprising a blocking member arranged to prevent the retraction of said action rod when said blocking member is in one position, a hammer means for holding said blocking member is said position' .when said hammer is cocked, said means -a movable breech b'lock,'an action rod operatively connected to said breech block,

means for permitting a limited amount of lost motion in the connection between said v action rod and breech block, a tilting blocking member having a beveled portion arranged 'to engage said action rod when the latter is advanced, a bolt cooperating with said blocking member to hold it in the rod4 engaging position, a hammer and a connection between said hammer and said holding bolt means to draw back the latter when the.'

hammer is advanced.

Ll. a repeating firearm, a breech frame, a movable breech block, an action rod operatively connected to said breech block, means for permitting a limited amount'of lost motion in the connectionv between said action rod and breech block, a tilting blocking member having a beveled portion arranged to engage said Aaction rodwhen the latter is advanced. a bolt coperating with Asaid blocking member to hold it inthe rod engaging position, a hammer, a connection between said hammer and said holding bolt means to draw back the latter when the hammer is advanced, and a movable extension at the forward end of said bolt, said extension beinghcld in engagement. with said blocking member by friction so longas there .is a rearward drag on said action rod, even though said bolt is retracted by the dropping of the hammer.

5. Ina repeating firearm, a breech block,

a manually controllable means for moving,

the same, a blocking device to prevent inovel ment of the samein a direction to Jopen the' gun simultaneously'with the act of firing` the saine `until after the cartridge has been exploded, said mea-nscomprising a hammer `controlled member and an intermediate connecti on between said hammer controlled member and said .blocking means comprising a piece arranged to be frictionally engaged and held by said blocking member nnder certain conditions. l

6. In a-repeating firearm, a breech frame,

eef/',642 o V a reciprocating breech block, a tilting locking bolt therefor, a hammer, an action rod operatively connected with said breech block through said locking bolt, said connection affording a limited amount of lost motion tracted under certain conditions withoutfoperating the locking bolt, a movable safety block to yhold said action rod-in its eXtreme forward position, a cam surface connection` between said rod and block andmeans for holding said safety block againstmovement in a direction to' release said action rod s long as the hammer is-cocked. I

tracted under certain conditions without operating the locking bolt, a movable safety block to hold said action rod in its eXtreme forward position, means for holding said safety block against movement in a direction mer is cocked, and a movable extension at the forward end of'said means which continues to hold said safety block after the hammer is dropped and so long as there is uninterrupted pressure against saidnblock by said action rod.

8. In a repeating firearm, a breech frame, a reciprocating breech block, a tilting locking bolt therefor, a hammer, an action rod. operatively connected with said breech block ailording a limited amount of lost motion whereby said action' rod may be partially retracted under certain conditions without operating the locking bolt, a movable safety block to hold said action rod in its eXtreme 'forward position, means for holding said safety block against movement4 in a direction to release said action rod so long as the hammer is cocked; 7and a supplemental-safety means comprising a spring-retracted extension atthe forward end of theholding means for said safety block. A.

9. In a repeating firearm, a breech frame, reciprocating breech block, a tiring pin carried thereby, a hammer, a swinging locking holt carried by the breech block', a reciprocating action rod arranged to engage said locking bolt, a movable blocking device arranged to block the rearward movement and locked and said hammer is cocked, a holt co-acting with sai-d safety' blocleand operable by said hammer in one direction, andA means for operating said bolt in an opposite direction to cause it to hold said safety block against movement in a direction to rel lease said action rod, said action rod having 7. In a repeating firearm, a breech frame,` a reciprocatinvl breech block, a tilting lock-- ing vbolt thereror, a hammer, an action rod operatively connected with said breech block ze, through said locking bolt, said connection affording -a limited amount of lost motion@ whereby said action rod may be partially refl to release said action rod so long as the hamthrough said locking bolt, said connectionv of the action'rod when the breech is closedl whereby said action rod may be partially re- '-inovement when once in engagement with an inclined or cam connection with said sa tel)Y block.

1t). in a repeating firearm, a breech frame, a rccipromding breech-block, a tiring pin carried thereby` a hammer, a swinging 1ocl inf; bolt, larried by the breech b1oc1\j, a recip-v rocating action rod arranged to engage #aid locking bolt', a movable b1oc1iing device arranged to block the rearward moi'ementi of the action rod when the breech in closed and 11a-lied and said hammer is cocked, a boit operable by said hammer in one directionT means for operating said bolt in an opposti ,i direction to canSe it' to hold said safely blotV against movement in a direction lo rele-1 f said action rod7 abaid action rod haring' an inclined or cam connection with aid mirri block, said boltV haring a movable lforward end arranged to be lrirtional1 \r held against.

the safety b1ocl and so lone' as there i 1 an uninterrupted ream'ard drag nnen the action rod, and means for withdraningY .,aid extension from said salely block when the hammer is down and when a rearward dragv npon the action rod i5 released.

l1. in a repeating firearm, a breech frame, a rcriprot-:diner breech block, a tilting locking! bolt therel'orr` a hammer7 said locking bolt,inclndingado\\n\\'ard1yextemlingarm,

an action rod operatively connected with said downwardl)4 intending arm and capable l of a limited amount of movement independentiy thereof7 a, safety block arranged to co operate with said action rod and t0 prevent the rearward movement ol aid action rod when said block is in one position, a cam sun face connection between Said rod and 101001( and means to hold said fety block in the rod-ioeliing position when the hammer is cool-:ed7 said means beiz-"v operable by said haminer bid independeia of both Said block and hammer.

1:2. in a repeating' firearm, a breech frame,

a reciprocatine` breeeh blockI` a tilting lockine` boil'` therefor, a hammer, said looking lioltincluding a downwardly extending arm, an action rod ninerativeigfv connected with aid downwardly extending;l arm and capable of a limited amonnt'. of movement independently thereof, a safety block arranged to cooperate with said action rod and to prevent', the rearward mm ement of said action rod when Said bloei: is in one position, means lto ho1d said safety block in ihe rod-locking position when the hammer is cocked, and meansI for manually freeing' Said safety block indepeialentlj.' of the hammer. i

.1()1 1N HENRY "IUGELER.

MICLVYN IIICPBLQ'IN.

'Wineases (aus. F. Selma?, ifniliinl )lima-1a.

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