US996061A - Aeronautical machine. - Google Patents

Description

T. W. K. CLARKE.

AERONAUTICAL MACHINEx APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1908.

Patented June 27, 1911.

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T. W. K. CLARKE AERONAUTIOAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 11. 1908.

996,061, I Patented June 27,1911.

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mnomas wresiron KING-LAKE cLAnKE, or Sumatran, ENGLAND,

' AERONAUTICAL monmn.

To all whom it may concern.- I j Be it. known that I, THOMAS WIGSTON KINGLAKE CLARKE, ofStCatherines, Maple .Road, Surbiton, in the county'of- Surrey,

England, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeronauti-- cal Machines, of which the" following'is a specification.

This invention relates to machines fortraversing the air, and consists in certain,

improvements whereby adjustments. for se: curing accuracy of balance, both in alongitu dinal aid 'in a transverse direction are facilitated; and whereby the exposed parts are I rendered capable of yielding on contact with the groundoiiother obstacle and. the

risk, at

breakage is diminished. a

In the accompanying drawings which.

illustrate, by way of example, a machine'em;

bodying my improvements, Figures}, and2, are plans respectively of the-topand of. the I underside offthe machine. Fig. 3, is a rear elevation of the machine. Fig.4, a section on of the machine.

each plane is immediately behind the'leading edge as shown more clearly in Fig. 7 and the underside is by preference slightly the line wa2 in Fig. Fig. 5 is a view: of

' one of the propeller Fig, "6 is a'detail onan enlargedscale. showing themariner of mounting the propeller.

Fig. 7 is a transverse section of one of the planes: i

The type ofmachine to which my present improvements are for the most art ap- 1 plicable consists of a double bow rame a,

' furnished atone end-'with a. propeller b, and having as, supportinggasurfac'es" two transverse planes 0 c, which are by preference slightlybent upward "on the opposite sides The thickest portion of hollow. The forward supporting surface 0 is smaller in comparison with the after sur-' face a; i Assuming a screw to be employed for propelling the apparatus,- there is a. tendency for the latter to tilt laterally owing-tethereaction of the propeller. I counteract this tendency by setting tlie'supportingsurfaces or one of them out of eenter with relation to the machine; the aggregate supporting surface on one side of the longitudinal center of the. machine being, under such circumstances, somewhat greater thanthat'on the, opposite side of the center line, thisdi'lfen" once being capable of ready adjustment. ',I n

Application filed July 11, 1908. Sari sl m 443,032.

' the same manner, the direction Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 27,1911.

of flight may be varied and controlled.

For securing the. supporting surfaces to the frame I employ Wire clips 03 each 'of which is in the. form of an elongated loop bent laterally. I The opposite extremities d, d,'of the loop engage beneath the frame,

a, while the central portions project above the frame-and form bars beneath which the planes 0, cinay be slipped. With the aid-of such clips 03, the planes may be held sufliciently firmly upon the frame a for the purpose of flight; but in the event of either extremity of the supporting surface 0 or a coming into violent contact with the ground or other obstacle, the clips d permit the same to yield and avoid injury. According f to a modified form of attachment, as shown applied to the after plane 0', a curved spring-clip e is pivoted at its center to the plane; this'clip being passed between the sides of the frame and its opposite extremities brought beneath the latter. Such methods ,of mounting the supporting surfaces upon the frame also facilitate the adjust ment of the former upon the. latter in a fore aildwaftdirection e With the same object, the screw-propeller is slipped upon a wire or 'other suitable holder 6 and-held in position by friction. In the event of either of-the blades coming into forcible contact with the ground, the entire propeller becomes unshipped without suifering injury. Y

In constructing a propeller for a model or experimental machine, I form the blades b 12 separate, each blade having a flattened stem .or shank 12 The stem has a twist im-.

parted to. it; and. when two such-twisted stems are placed face to face and bound or otherwise fastened together a two-bladed propeller results, having the blades set at the proper angle, according to the pitch desired. I prefer to make the leading edge of the blade'stra-ight, the major-portion of the' surface lying behind the axis of the stem when prolonged. The .working face of the propeller-blade is by preference slightly concave and the back of the blade convex.

For enabling the screw-propeller to be started after'the machine has left the land, I

mount a pin 1 in one rftwo eyes f, the extremity of the pin projecting into the, ath ofthe screws 1). Thispin is'attache by means of a line f to the wrist of the user,

of a plate 9 fastenedto the underside of the frame a, (see "Fig, 2), and bent upward, the

-propeller shaft passing through the bent portion. A

The propeller, in the model form shown, is driven by twisted rubber bands h, secured to the forward part. of the frame and to the propeller shaft 7). I k- What-I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An aeronautical machine comprising two transversely arranged supporting surfaces, placed fore and aft of the machine, and having the area of the forward surface small in comparison with that of the after surface, the position of either of the said surfaces being adjustable, both laterally androt-atively, in relation to the' body of the 1 machine.

2. In an aeronautical machine, the combination with a frame, of supporting surfaces arranged fore and aft of the frame and clips arranged to adjustably and detachably secure the supporting surfaces to the frame.

3. In an aeronautical, machine, the combination with a frame, of a screw propeller, a

supporting surface arranged transversely of the frame and laterally out of center in-relation to the machine whereby the lateral tilting tendency due to. the propeller is counteracted. a

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in ,the. presence 'of two subscribing witnesses.- I

THOMAS WIGSTON KINGLAKE jWitnes sesz H. D. JAMEsoN, j R. F.- WIILIAMS

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