US993680A - Perpetual-adding slate and key. - Google Patents

Description

W. B. HERBERT.

PBRPBTUAL ADDING SLATBANDKEY.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 21, 1909.

Batented May 30 27.737 QLUVVIZIO 5 ffaaof Z 3.75am? Mac a 90575 563007.? 2.99067 275335 zego .WILLIAM '.B. HERBERT, 0F WEST NUTLEY, NEW JERSEY.

yEBPETUAL-ADDING vSIIA'IE AND KEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1911.

` Application led December 21, 1909. Serial No. 534,253.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. HERBERT, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of West hutley, county of- Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and` useful Improvements in Perpetual-Adding Slates and Keys, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an education appliance adapted to assist in the instruction of addition.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple device which will display various columns of figures in a designated space together with means for determining the sum Atotal of said columns. N

A- further .object of the invention is to produce a device that will arrange various columns of figures in proper alinement to be added by a student.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention will be hereinafter more .partie` ularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and will then be pointed out in the claims at the end of the description.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the device.-

Fig. 2 is an elevation of a key chart constituting a feature of my invention. Fig. 8 is a section on the line III--IIL is a section on a line IV-IV and Fig. 5 is a section on the line V-V.

.In the drawing, 10 designates a casing consisting of three members 11, 12 and 13 secured to each other at their edge portions. These members are so positioned as to provide a space between each outer member and the centrall member. f A plurality of rectangular members 1,2, 3, and 4- are inserted between the inner'member and the member- 11,l said members being arranged one above the other. Each of these members is adapted to slide back and forth between the two members 11 and 12. Each sliding member is provided with ve rows of numerals the Fig. 4 l

The longitudinalv set of five columns. of figures theV sliding f members are moved until said set appears in the vertical slot. Each set of five numbers is designated by a dierent numeral in the lower right hand corner and by referring to this numeral the instructor may designate the partieularcolumn to be added. Thus after if it is desired to add a certain setof columns on each slidev it will only be necessary for the instructor to state what lower right hand figure should be in each set. rlhis arrangement it will be seen will do away with they necessity of calling 0E each numeral in the entire set. The slides are termed 1, 2, 3 and 4 and referred to by their numbers as the designating numeral in the lower right hand corner is given.' This means will allow an unlimited number of combinations of'numerals to be arranged for addition.

The numerals upon the strips 1, 2, 3 and 4 are so placed that the sum of any group of five numbers will always be thesame when the lower right hand figure of the group is the same, and the totals on the key chart are previously ascertained by adding.

- The totals in column No. 1a in Fig. 2 re resent the sums of the group of' ve num ers on slide 1 for each ten numerals, that is for each of the tennumerals from O to 9, as the right hand lower numeral of the group of five. 2b represent the sums of the group of five numbers on slide 2, &c., the totals varying The totals in the column No. f

with the variation of the lower right hand figure of each" group offive numbers.

In Fig. 1 in the drawing it will be seen that 'the slides are set so that series 2 will ap- .pear on the first slide, series 3 on the second slide, series 5 on the third slide, 'and series 4 on the fourth slide, therefore in instructing a student to add the five columns of figures-displayed it would be necessary for the instructor to merely designate series 2 slide 1 series 3 slide 2, etc. On the opposite face of the device are arranged four members 20 heading Na 3c andso on.

to correspond with the number of slides on the reverse side. These members are numbered l, 2b, 3, and 4d, and said members consist of strips of card-board or'other material provided with recesses to support the member 21 which is adapted to slide over the face of said strips. On each of the stationary members are arranged rows of numerals, each row of numerals being numbered to correspond with the lower right hand figure on one of the sliding members 1, 2, 3 and 4. Each set of numerals of the rows on the stationary key represents the sum total of one of the groups of numerals on the slides 1 to 4. For exam le the totals on the key under the heading No. 3o represent the sums of the group of figures on slide 3. In the illustration given the Alower right hand number of the group of figures on slide 3 is 5, and the figures on the key under No. 3c numbered 5 represent the total of the figures shown on slide 3 in Fig. 1 or 196557. If the lower right hand numeral onslide 3 were 9, the `sum of the group of figures on said strip 3 would be 299,067, as that number appears under the designation 9 on the key under the As before stated the stationary members l, 2", 3c and fl are numbered to correspond with the sliding members 1, 2, 3 ande; and the` total of the various sets of gures on slide 1 are arranged upon the stationary member No. 1a. Each total bears the same figure as that which appears in the lower right hand cor-l ner of the set of numerals of which the same 1s the sum total. These numbers are arranged above the sum total. It will therefore be seen that if the numeral 2'appears in is only-necessary to add the four sets of g-.

the lower right hand corner of slide 1 the set of numerals designated by 2 under the heading No. 1a on the stationary member will be the sum total of the ve columns of figures displayed on slide 1 when it is in the position shown. The slide 21 is for the purpose of locating the various lines of figures on the stationary member. A ground glass member 22 is located at the bottom of the stationary members on which the sum total may be written. To ascertain the sum total of all of the four sets displayed by slides 1, 2, 3, 4, it

ures which re resent the s um total ofeach set, therefore 1t will be seen that the sum of twenty rows of fgures'may be ascertained by addin four rows of fi res.

In igs. 1, 3, 4, and 5 the adding mechanism which we will term the key is shown as an integral part of the means for displaying the gures to be added but this form of' device is intended only for the use of the instructor as it is desired that the student find the sum total by adding the columns displayed. A separate device as shown in Fi 2 may be supplied to the student to veriiy his work after he has performed the various sums in addition. This device consists of a member 23 provided with slots 24 through which the slides 25 are inserted.

The many advantages of a device of this nature will be clearly apparent, rst it is a quick method of giving outwork to a student, second the students time is saved by not having to copy the sum to be added, and third it provides a means whereby the student or instructor can instantaneously ascertain the correct solution to the problems given.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. device of the character described comprising a casing consisting of a front formed with'a slot, a plurality of slots trans- ,verse to said first mentioned slot, a back, and a series of slides between said frontA and back each bearing a plurality of rows of alined characters and exposed through said iirst mentioned slot, said transverse slots serving to expose portions of said slides to facilitate their being moved.

2. An adding-device comprising a casing consisting of a front."lA formed with a vertical slot, and a plurality of horizontal slots', a back, and a series of slides between said front and back each bearing a plurality of rows of vertically-alined numerals constituting a problem in addition and exposed through said vertical slot, said horizontal slots serving to expose portions of said slides to facilitate their being moved.

' 3. An adding device comprising a casing formed with vertical and horizontal slots, horizontally movable slides within said casing. bearing vertically alined groups of numerals, -and being adapted to be exposed through said slots, and a key bearing numerals representingthe sum totals of the groups of numerals on the slides.

This specification signed andJ witnessed this 18th day of December A. D. 1909.

WILLIAM B. HERBERT.

Witnesses:

lW. A. ToWNnR, Jr.,

M. DINNHAUPT.

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