US990222A

US990222A - Explosive gas-turbine engine.

Info

Publication number: US990222A
Application number: US58159510A
Authority: US
Inventors: Julius Brown
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-09-12
Filing date: 1910-09-12
Publication date: 1911-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 1928-04-25

Description

J. BROWN.

EXPLOSIYE GAS TURBINE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED 8EPT.12, 1910.

990,222. Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

vs sums-9111:1111,

Y fl 27263 6.6-6

his ittorneyai r 1. BROWN. EXPLOSIVE GAS TURBINE ENGINE.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

a sums-1111112 2L APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12; 1910.

cfa Zz'u's Brawn By his clitorne J Wa'iizesaes J BROWN.

'EXPLOSIVE GAS TURBINE ENGINE,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12 1910.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911'.

a mum's-sum a.

w lnuc'nhr: Julius Brown,

int/leases JULIUS BROWN, OF PEEKSKILL, NEW YORK.

EXPL OSIVE GAS-TURBINE ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

Application filed September 12, 1910. SeriaINo. 581,595.

posed of a series of rotary members connected together in two sets which sets are constructed for rotation in opposite directions; and to have the explosive force applied alternately to either set, whereby reversal of the engine is effected.

A further object is to provide an explosion chamber common to all of the rotors, having a valve arranged to control passages leading to the. sets, alternately, so that the explosion in the chamber willcause rotation of one set in one direction. or of the other set in the opposite direction.

A further object is to provide a second explosion chamber wherein primary ignition takes place, and thereupon a valve is .oper-. ated by the engine to open a passage into the main explosion chamber, whereby the exploded charge in the,prin .ar v ignition chamber will cause conibustion of the gases in the main explosion chamber.

A further objectis to provide means controlling the valve device leading from ,the main explosion chamber to the rotors with the valve leading from the ignition chamber to the explosion chamber, which valves are controlled by the rotation of the rotors to be properly timed.

Another object isto provide an adjusting device whereby the operation of the main valve from the explosion chamber to the ro ior's from the operation of the rotors can be changed to effect reversal of the engine: and

such device includes means whereby the opcration of the valve leading from the ignition chamber to the explosion chamber will be precisely the same notwithstanding this reversal of the mam valve.

In the accompanying drawings representing one embodiment of my invention, Figurt 1 shows the invention in side elevation. Fig. 2 is an .end view. Fig. 3' is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig.4. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 44 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5--5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detailed view enlarged, showing the cam device for operating one valve; and Fig. 7 shows the other valve controlling means. y

The invention is shown as comprising a body member B having two sets of cylindrical chambers, in which are mounted rtor members 1, 2.3, 4, and G. These rotors are provided with pinions 7 7 etc., on

shafts

8, 8, etc., projecting from each rotor, which pinions all. mesh with a gear 9, fast on a short shaft 10; whereby power from the rotors is'appliecl to the shaft, from which the power of the engine is taken. This means that the rotors must all rotate in the same direction, either one way or the other. The

specific construction of these rotors forms no part of the present invention. but it is suiticient to state that each comprises blade members 100 having the passages 11 therebetween, thebladcmembers being secured to the shafts 8. The blade members are tubular and at its bore each has a stationary circular direction, and these rotors have in let passages 14, 15 and 16 leading to a centhe frame member. The other three

rotors

2, 4, and 6. it will be seen have their blades extending in.the opposite circular direction, to that of said rotors. and these rotors are. connected with the explosion chamber 17, by passages '18, 19 and 20, respectively. These rotors are provided with exhaust passages l 2. 3, 4 5 and G on the opposite sides ofthe rotors fromthe inlet passages, the pressure fluid passing across the rotors by means of a passage 13 in each of the central plug members 12 on the rotors. These exhaust passages lead around through the frame toward the (explosion chamber and then extend lengthwise as indicated in broken lines in Fig. 4, to mufl'ler 23.

In chamber 17 is a tubular valve member 24 having three ports 25, 26 and 27. Upon swinging this valve member these three ports, in one position will register with the three inlets 14, 15 and 16; for the

rotors

1, 3 and 5; while in another position of this valve its said three ports will register with the inlet ports 18, 19 and 20, leading to the other three rotors 2, 4- and 6 respectively.

And in an intermediate position of the valve member all of these inlet ports willbe cut off from the explosion chamber. Hence it tral combustion chamber 17. atthe center of will be seen that this valve can be rocked from said intermediate position to open one set of ports and then rocked back to this position, whereby the three rotors will be supplied with fluid and the engine operated While when the valve is] in one direction.

I rocked from the intermediate position in the be connected for operation.

tubular valve, the engine can be reversed;

main shaft 10.

either set of rotors being supplied with fluid and the other cut off. Means are provided for oscillating this valve member in either of said two paths automatically from the In the construction shown, a shaft 28 is driven by a chain 29 from the main shaft 10. A cam shaft 30 supported on the frame carries a cam 31, shown enlarged in Fig. 6. This cam engaggs an arm 32 adjustably connected with the shaft 33 projecting from the valve member 24. Connected wit-h the cam 31 is a gear 34 that is suitably rotated from the shaft 28. As

shown an arm 35 swings on the shaft 28 and carries a gear 36 mcshlng with the gear 34 in one position of the arm.

chain 37'passes around a sprocket 38 connected with the gear 36, and also around a sprocket 39 fast on the shaft 38; by which means the gear 36'is rotated that will cause circular direction, This revolution of the cam 31. This will intermittently engage the arm 32 tooscillate the valve member 17. According to the position the arm 32, is adjusted on the shaft carber, engages with a notch 42 or a notch 43 on the sleeve 44, that carries the arm 32.

When the latch engages one of these notches the valve will be swung to cause one set of inlet passages to connect the explosion chamber with three-of the rotors turning in one direction; and when the latch is shifted to engage the other notch, the valve member will be shifted whereby the engagement of the cam with the arm will swing the valve to control the admission to the other three rotors; that as understood will cause rotation in the opposite direction. But when this member is shifted, the main shaft 10 will be caused to rotate in the opposite dircction. This would result in the cam membcri31 rotating in the opposite direction, and being unsymmetrical, the swinging of the valvc mcmber would not be the same. Therefore, it is advisable to cause a reversal of the operation of this valvemember,

whereby it will still operate in the same is effected by swinging the arm 35, carrying the gear 36 that drives the cam gear, whereby gear 36 A sprocket Tn the construction shown, a

is shifted. out of mesh with the gear 34 and a gear 45 carried by the arm 35 in mesh with the gear 36, is brought into engagement with the gear 34, and the gear 36' shifted out of mesh with the gear 34 This will cause a reversal of the gear 34. But the shaft 28 having been alsoireversed, this'doublc reversal will cause, the'gear 34 and the cam to rotate in the same direction as before.

Connected with the main explosion chamber 17 is a second explosion chamber or a primary ignition chamber, of less capacity than tlie explosion-chamber, whose functionis to receive compressed gas, cause" ignition thereof and immediately thereupon, dis charge the same into the explosion chamber directly connected therewith, whereby the explosion in the ignition chamber will cause compression of a] charge in the explosion chamber, previously admitted therein that will be exploded by the hot gases from the primary ignition chamber. These 'two' explosion chambers may be. connectedv with different sources of gas supply, such as car- -bureters.

The frame B is provided'with an exten-' sion B cylindrical in shape as. shown best in Figs. 4 and 5.. The outer end of this chamber is closed by a head 50 having 'a cylindrical chambered member'51 projecting into the chamber B with its inner .end 52'closed. This chamber 51 also extends out beyond chamber 13 and at the outer end is closed by a head 54. In this chamber 51, which constitutes the second explosion chamher, but which'maybe termed the ignition chamber proper, is a port 55 through which the gases can pass when opened, to the annular chamber 56 surrounding the chamber, member 51, and communicating directly with the explosion chamber 17 at the center of the body member. This port 55 is'cons trolled by a tubular valve member 57 having a port 5S that when the valve is swung on its axis will register with the port 55.

The valve member 57 is secured to a sleeve.-

68 loose on shaft.33. These valves-are so operated relatively that the port through the valve 57 opens into the main explosion chamber 17, immediately after ignition in the second explosion chamber, to cause igni-i tion in the main explosion chamber, and-at the same time-the valve 17 is swung to communicate with the three rotors, permitting the charge to act on these members.

The ignition means forms no part of the present invention, but a spark plug 59 is indicated in the main ignition chamber. The primary ignition chamber is shown provided with an inlet pipe 60. controls the admission from an inlet .pipe 63 that may connect with a mixer or compressor for providing the charge of explosivegas under pressure which-valve may be controlled by the said valve operating A valx e 62 v the cam is rotated. The valve .member 57 is rocked through its sleeve 68 by means of a cam 69 fast on-the sleeve, that engages lugs 70 and? 1 on a cam member 72. The latter is fast on the spindle that carries the cam 31. These lugs cause two operations of thevalve member to open the port 58. The inlet pipe 73 forthe explosion chamber portion 56 is controlled by a valve 74. On this latter is an arm'75 connected to a rod 76 guided in a bracket 7 7 carried by i the machine. A lug 78 on the arm 76 is engagedby :1 lug 79 on the shaft 30. I It will be seen that the three valve members are controlled from this spindle or shaft 30.

The operation of the device is as follows: After an explosion, during which the valve member 24 is held with the three ports open to three of the rotors, and at which time the valve 57 is open from the ignition chamber to the explosion chamber, the valve 62 that has been closed at the time of the ignition, is now opened by the operation of the rod 64 and a compressed charge enters the primary ignition chamber through the inlet 60. This will serve to 'drive out the exploded gases in the primary ignition chamber into the combustion chamber 17, and from the latter through its three ports to the three rotors, which latter will have a. certain amount of exhaustive action tending to drive out these gases. -But'as soon as the new charge'displaces the old charge in the primary chamber the valve 57 is swung by the lug 71 on the cam engaging the crank.

member 69. This will prevent escape of the compressed charge that will now fill this primary chamber under pressure. Just as soon as the valve 57 closes, the .inlet valve 7 4: for. the chamber 56 is opened and a charge admitted that will serve to-drive out all of the exploded gas in the chamber 56; which valve is then closed, by thesaid arm 75 and rod 76.. This Will cause a fresh charge to be in both the explosion chamber and the primary ignition chamber. The valve 62 thereupon closing, or having closed as soon as a charge is compressed in the primary chamber, the ignition device is operated to cause an explosion in this primary chamber. At the instant that this explosion takes place 'the valve 57 is again opened by the second lug and the exploded charge'will enter the surrounding chamber 56 connecting with the explosion chamber 17, and cause anexplo-Y sion of the large charge therein. And at this instant the valve 24 that was closed shortlyafter the valve 74, opened to admit a charge to drive out-and replace the exhaust gas in chambers 56 and 17. The exploded charge in both of the chambers will now find exit through three ports leadin to three of the rotors, according to the ad ustment of the valve member controlling the direction of rotation, and these three rotors will receive a charge of gas under high pressure that will cause them to rotate.

Instead of having the six rotors continuously connected to thedriven gear wheel 9,

means may be provided for disconnecting either set of three thatare inactive or not supplied with fluid pressure. In Fig. 8, three of the shafts 8 have ratchet wheels 81 loose thereon that are engaged by a pawl 83 pivoted on an arm 82 fast on the shaft 8. A spring 84 normally presses the pawls against a ratchet wheel, but they may be withdrawn by pressure on a heel 85, and a pin 86 inserted inthe arm to hold the pawls out of engagement with the ratchet wheels. The other three shaftsare shown in Fig. 9 as having ratchet Wheels 81 carried by arms 82 faston the shafts. The pawls may be shifted by heels 85 against pressure of spring 84 for insertion of a pin'similar to the pin 86. By this means three of the- 1. In an explosive engine, the combination of a member driven by an explosive charge,

an explosion chamber, a second explosion chamber arranged adjacent said explosion chamber and having a port connecting therewith, a valve controlling said port, a gas supply pipe for each of the explosion chambers, means of ignition in the second explosion chamber, means connected with the driven anembr' for operating both 'said valves whereby a charge exploded in the second ignition chamber is admitted to thefirst ignition chamber to explode a charge therein and the valve from the first ignition chamber is operated to permit the charge exploded in the main ignition chamber to act on the said driving member. v

2. In an explqsive engine, the combination of a body member having a member driven by an exploded charge, a second member driven by an exploded'charge in a direction the opposite to said member. an explosion chamber in the body, ports from the explosion chamber to the said members, a valve 'member in the explosion chamber arranged .to cont-r01 the ports leading therefrom to the said driven members, said valve member being arranged to alternately connect with the two said sets of driving members whereto cause the operation of the one or the other, a second explosionchamber arranged adjacent said explosion chamber and having a port connecting with said chamber, a valve member controlling saidlatter port, a gas supply pipe for each of the explosion chamthe ignition chamber valve, and a cam on. bers, means of ignition in the secondcxplosaid spindle en aging saidlatte-r arm twice sion chamber, means operatively connected in each revolution of. the shaft, means conwith the drivenmembers for operating both nected with the driven member for rotating 6 said valve members whereby a charge exthe cam shaft. 1 v 70 plodcd in the second ignition chamber is ad- 5. In an explosive engine, the combination mitted to the first ignition chamber to exof a body member having a member driven plode a charge therein, and the valve from 'by an explosive charge, a second member the first ignition chamber is operated to perdriven by an explosive charge in a d rection wit the charge exploded'in themain ignition the opposite to-thc said. member, an exploT 75 chamber to act on the driven members. sion chamberin the body, the'body having 3. In an explosive engine, the combination ports connecting the explosion chamber with of a body member having a member driven both said members, a valve member in the by an exploded charge, a second member explosion chamber arranged to control-said driven by an exploded charge in a direction ports to alternately connectv with the two 80 the opposite to said member, an explosion said driven members whereby vto cause the chamber in the body, ports from the explooperation of the one or the other, and re-' sion chamber to the said members, a valve verse the engine, a driving member, means. member in the explosion chamber arranged connecting said driven members with the to control the ports leading therefrom to driving member whereby the latter is driven the said driven members, said valve member in either direction according to which said. being arranged toalternately connect with members are supplied with fluid pressure the two said sets of driving members wherethrough the action of the valve member, the by to cause the operation of the one or the said valve in the main explosion chamber 2 other, a second explosion chamber arranged being of tubular formand mounted to oscil- 90 adjacent said explosion chamberand havlate, a second explosion chamber having a ing a port connecting with said chamber, a port connnunicating with the main explosion valve member controlling said latterport, a chamber, a valve mounted to oscillate in the gas supply pipe for each of the explosion secondignitionchamber,a shaftonwhich said chambers, means of ignition in the second first valve is secured, an arm connected to.'. explosion chamber, means operatively consaid shaft, a spindle mounted to rotate, ,a nccted with the driven members for operatcam on the spindle arranged to engage said ing both said valve members whereby a arm and oscillate the shaft and valve, an charge exploded in the second ignition arm connected with the ignition chamber chamber is admitted to the first ignition valve, and a cam on said spindle engaging chamber to explode a charge therein, and said latter arm twice in each revolution of the valve from the first ignition chamber is the shaft, means connected with, the driven operated to permit the charge exploded in members for rotating the-camspindle, said the main ignition chamber to act on the' arm on the valve shaft being adjustable.

0 driven members, shifting means for the valve whereby the cam willshit't the valve to con- 0 from the main explosion chamber to the rotrol the ports to eitherdriven members ac tors whereby the valve NVlll control the ports cording to the position shifted to reverse the leading to either set of rotors at will to reengine, and means connected with said shiftversc the engine, said valve operating means able arm to cause a reversal of. theinovement for the second combustion chamber being imparted to the camshaft from the driven 110 connected with the reversing means wheremembers, whereby the cam shaft always roby the reversal ofthe. main valve .will cause tates. in the same direction notwithstanding it to be operated in the same manner as bereversal of the driven members. i fore reversal. 6. In an explosive engine, the combination 4. In an explosive engine, the combination of a body member having a series of cylinof a member driven'by an explosive charge, drical chambers, rotors rotatable in said an explosion chamber in the body, a port chambers, the body having an .explosion' connecting the explosion chamber with the a b and P c e ng the explosion said driven member, a. valve member in'the chamber with the said chambers containing xplosion chamber arrangedto control said the rotors, a valve member in the explosion ports, the said valve being of tabular form chamber arranged to control the ports lead v and mounted to oscillate, a second explosion ing therefrom to the said rotors, exhaust chamber having a port communicating with ports for the rotorsin the body, the bodymemthe main explosion chamber, a tubular valve her having a second set. of cylindrical chammounted to oscillate in the second ignition 'bers, rotors in the latter chambers arranged to chamber, a shaft on which said first valve is rotate in a direction theopposite of the rotasecurcd, an arm connected to said shaft, a tion of said rotors, the body-having ports spindle mounted to rotate, a cam on theleading from the explosion chamber to the 5 spindle arranged to engage said arm and said second setof rotors, said valve member" oscillate the shaft, an arm connected with being arranged to alternately connect the 3 for each of the explosion chambers, means ofv ignition in the second explosion chamber, means connected with the rotors for operating both said valve members whereby a charge exploded in the second-ignition chamber is admitted to the first ignition chamber to explode acharge therein, and

the 'alve from the first ignition chamber is operated to permit the charge exploded in the main ignition chamber to act on the rotors.

7. In an explosive engine, the combination of a body member having a series of cylindrical chambers, rotors rotatable in said chambers,- an explosion chamber in the body,

the body having ports connecting the explosion chamber with the said chambers containing the rotors, a valve in the explosion chamber arranged to control the ports leading therefrom to the said rotors. exhaust ports for the rotors in the body, the body mem-' her having a second set of cylindrical chambers, rotors in the latter chambers arranged to rotate in a direction the opposite of the rotation of said rotors, the body having ports leading from the explosion chamber to the said second set of rotors. said alve being arranged to alternately connect the explosion chamber with the two said sets of rotors ,whereby to cause the rotation of the one or the other set, a driving member, means connecting all of said rotors with the driving member whereby the latter is driven in either direction according to which set of rotors are supplied through the action of the valve member, a second explosion chamber arranged adjacent said explosion chamber and having a port connecting with such chamber, a valve controlling said port, a as supply pipe for each of the explosion cham-' bers, means of ignition in the second explosion chamber, means connected with the rotors for operating said valves whercby a charge exploded inthe second ignition chamber is admitted to the first ignition chamber to explode a charge therein. and the valve from the first ignition chamber is operated to permit the charge exploded inthe main ignition chamber to act on the rotors, shifting means for the valve from the main explosion chamber to the rotors whereby the valve will control the ports leading to either set of rotors at will to reverse the engine, said valve for the second ignition chamber being connected with the reverslng means whereby the reversal of the mailr valve will cause it to be operated in the same manner as before reversal.

8. In an explosive engine, the combination of amember driven by an explosive charge, an explosion chamber, a second explosion chamber having a port connecting with said explosion chamber, a valve controlling said port, a gas supply pipe for each Y of the explosion chambers, 21.

valve in each of said latter pipes, means of ignition in the second explosion chamber, operative means connected wit-h the driven member for each of said fourvalves and being constructed and timed whereby immediately upon the explosion in the ignition chamberits valve is opened permitting the exploded gas to enter the first said explosion chamber and explode a charge therein. and at the same time the valve in the latterexplosion chamber is opened permitting the exploded gas therein to act on the driven member, thereupon the inlet valve for the second explosion chamber is opened to permit admission of a charge to drive out the exhaustgas therein, and thereupon the outlet valve for the second exploslon chamber is closed and also the inlet valve therefor, thereupon the inlet valve for the first ignition chamber is opened pern'iit'ting admission of a charge to drive out the exhaust gas from the first explosion chamber and thereupon the outlet valve for the first explosionchamber leading to the driven member is closed and also the said inlet valve for this chamber.

9. In an explosive engine, the combination of a member driven by an explosive charge, an explosion chamber, a. second explosion chamber having a port connecting gas to enter the first said explosion cha1nher and explode a charge therein, and at the same time the valve in the latter explosion chamber is opened permitting the exploded gas therein to act on the-driven member, thereupon the inlet valve for the second explosion chamber is opened to permit admission of a charge to drive out the exhaust gas therein, and thereupon the outlet valve for the second explosion chamber is closed and also the inlet valve therefor, thereupon the inlet valve for the first ignition chamber is opened permitting ad chamber with the said chambers containing mission of a charge to drive out the exhaust gas from the first explosion chamber and thereupon the outlet valve for the first explosion chamber leading to the driven mem-- ber is closed and also the said inlet valve for this chamber, and a second member driven by an explosive charge having a port connecting with said first explosion chamber that is controlled by said valve in the latter, the operating means for said latter valve being adjustable to cause it to admit the charge from the first explosion chamber to either of said driven members without varying its "timed relation to said other three valves.

10. In an explosive engine, the combination of a body member having a series of cylindrical chambers, rotors rotatable in said chambers, the body having an explosion chamber and ports connecting the explosion the rotors, a valve member in the explosion chamber arranged to control said ports, exhaust ports for the rotors in the body, the body member having a second set of cylindrical chambers, rotors in the latter chambers arranged to rotate in a direction the opposite of the rotation of said rotors, exhaust ports for the latter rotors, the body having ports leadin from the combustion chamber to the sai second set of rotors,

said valve member being arranged to alv ternately connect the two said sets of rotors with the explosion chamber, whereby tov cause the rotation of the one or the other set, a driving member, and means connecting tion of a body member having a series of cylindrical chambers, rotors rotatable insaid chambers, the body havin an explosion chamber and ports connecting the explosion chamber with the said chambers containing the rotors, avalve member in theexplosion chamber arranged to. control said ports, exhaust ports for the rotors in the body, the bod member having a second set of cylindrica chambers, rotors in the latter chambers arran ed to rotate in a direction the opposite o the rotation of said rotors, exhaust ports for the latter rotors, the body having ports leading from the combustlon chamber to the said second set of rotors, said valve member being arranged to alternately connect the two said sets of rotors with the explosion chamber, whereby to cause the rotation of the one or the other set, a driving member, and means connecting all of said rotors with the driving mem- Copies'of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Yatents,

' Washington, D. 0.