US694090A

US694090A - Gas, gasolene, or inflammable-vapor engine.

Info

Publication number: US694090A
Application number: US6983601A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur William Clayden
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-07-26
Filing date: 1901-07-26
Publication date: 1902-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 1919-02-25

Description

Patented Feb. 25, 1902 A. w. CLAYDEN.

E VAPOR ENGINE.

GAS, GASOLENE, 0R INFLAMMABL (Appliction filed. July 26, 1

5 Sheets-Shee't I.

(No Model.)

No. 694,090. Patented 'Feb. 25, |902.,-

A W. CLAYDEN.

GAS, GA'SOLENE, on INFLAMMABLE VAPOR ENGINE. (Application filed July 26, 1901.)

No. 694,090.. Patented Fb. 25, I902.

A. W. CLAYDEN. GAS, GASOLENE, 0R "(FLAMMABLEVAPOKENGINE.

7 (Application med July 20, 1901.)

(No Model.) I 5 Shats-Sheaf 3.

iasynnmwrrsns 120., Pnomumq. wAsmmsToN, n c.

No. 694,090. Patented Feb. 25, I902. A. w. CLAYDEN.

GAS, GASDLENE, 0B "(FLAMMABLE VAPOR ENGINE.

v. (Application filed J'qly 28, 1901.)

. 5 Shots-Sheet 4. M w (4 (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFEicE- ARTHUR WILLIAM C-LAYDEN, OF EXETER, ENGLAND.

GAS, GASOLENE, OR lNFLAMMABLE-VAPOR ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 1\To.'694,09 0, dated February 25, 1902.

Application filed July 26, 1901. Serial No. 69,836. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, ARTHUR WILLIAM CLAY- DEN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at St. J ohns, Polsloe road, Exeter, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas, Gasolene, or Infiammable- Vapor Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas, gasolene,and inflammable-vapor engines.

According to the invention I make use of a device which I term a charging-valve for receiving the explosive charge, previously compressed by pumps orothersuitable means, and for delivering the said char e into the combustion-chamber of the engine, as hereinafter described.

In carrying out the invention the chargingvalve comprises a chamber which can rotate in a suitable casing and is so constructed that at the required moment it opens into the main combustion-chamber of the motor and the chargeis fired. Communication is then closed between the movable chamber and the explosion-chamber and the charging-valve is opened to an exhaust-port. Before the latter is shut off the valve is put into communica tion with an air-inlet, so that air is admitted to sweep out the products of combustion which still remain in the valve. The ports for admitting the explosive charge are then opened and the. cycle of operation recommences.

In practice I advantageously construct the charging-valve of a hollow conical plug which rotates in a conical casin g preferably provided with a water-jacket for cooling purposes, the said conical valve having an opening which when the valve is rotated is successively brought opposite the ports which communicate with the explosive-charge supply, the combustion-chamber of the motor, and the valve-exhaust.

To enable the invention to be fully understood, I will describe it by ,reference to the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of aform of charging-valve constructed according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof; and Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are views similar to Fig. 2, but showing the valve in different motor embodyinga slight modification of my invention. 1

a is the casing, which is provided with the cooling-jacket b and with a base or flange a, by means of which it can be bolted to' the main combustion-chamber of the motor.

c is the valve, which is hollow and is conical in shape and which fits into the similarlyshaped recess in the casing a, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. This valve 0 is provided with a lateral opening 0 and at the top and bottom with spindles d and 6, respectively, which are held in bearings in the casing a, the lower spindle 6 being advantageously supported by the adjusting device f, by meansof which the pressure between the coned surfaces-of the valve and easing may be adjusted.

g is the opening in the casing co into the combustion-chamber g of the motor. 7t is the exhaustport provided in the said casing for the products of combustion from the valve 0. i

"i is the port in the casing through which compressed air is allowed toenter the valve c to sweep out the products of combustion which do not pass out through the eXhaust-' port h, and j and is are the inlet-ports forthe compressed air and inflammable gas, respec tively, which form the explosive'charge introduced into the valve 0. Instead of providing separate ports for the introduction of the gas and air the charge can be mixed out side the-valve, into which it can pass through a single port.

The valve 0 can be rotated in the casing a. by any desiredmeanswfor example, bya suitable connection with the main driving-shaft of the motor, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. 'In this arrangement the projecting spindle d of the plug c has keyed upon it a bevel-wheel Z, gearing with 'a bevel-pinion Z upon one end of a spindle m, rotatably held in bearings m m on'the engine, the other end of the said spindle carrying a bevel-pinion n, gearing with a bevel-wheel it upon the crankshaft 0. With this mechanism as the crank-shaft rotates it revolves the bevel-wheel Z, and consequently the valve 0. The rotation of the valve also produces the igniting-spark by the contact-arm Z which once each revolution makes contact with the spring-arm Z In the drawings I have shown an electric ignition device for the explosive charge, the said device comprising a plug 1, which is passed down through the spindle cl of the valve 0.

The operation of my charging-valve is as follows: Assume the valve to be in the position indicated in Fig. 2-that is to say, such that communication is open for the charge of compressed air and inflammable vapor to enter through the ports j it. The rotation of the valve 0 in the casing a then gradually brings the opening a in the valve opposite the opening g in the casing a, as shown in Fig. 3, so that the explosive charge contained in the valve expands into the combustion-chamber of the motor. The charge is then exploded, and the valve a, continuing its motion, the opening 0' is brought opposite the exhaustport h in the casing a, as shown in Fig. 4. The products of combustion then partially escape through the said port, and the further movement of the valve brings the opening 0 into communication with the compressed-air port '6 while it is still in communication with the exhaust-port h, as shown in Fig. 5. A jet of air thus rushes into the valve 0, and the remainder of the products of combustion is swept out through the said port 71. The further rotation of the valve brings the port 0' a ain into communication with the inlet-ports 7 It, so that it receives a fresh explosive charge and the cycle of operation begins dc 11000.

The main combustion-chamber g of the engine provided with my device is furnished with a separate exhaustp, which is held open by any ordinary means (such as the cam (1 on the spindle q, actuated from the crank-shaft by the bevel-gear g during the whole of the instroke of the piston and is closed just before the charge is fired. The stroke of the piston is arranged such that the products of combustion are almost completely swept out of the cylinder, only a small clearance-space being retained.

In practice the dimensions of the valve depend upon, first, the degree of expansion desired; second, the initial pressure of the charge, and, third, the dimensions of the main combustion-chamber. The following formula can be used for obtaining the dimensions:

Log. R 1 log. 2 N

WVhere 2* equals the mean inside radius of the valve-chamber a, 2 r representing the inside length thereof. R equals the radius of the main combustion chamber. 1 equals the length of the stroke of the piston. N equals the ratio of the expansion required to the volume of the compressed charge. For small or r0ughly-constructed engines N should not be Log. 1'

piston-that is to say, at each revolutionof the driving-shaft. Furthermore, by providing one end of the cylinder with two valves and furnishing means whereby one of each pair of valves can be closed at will the motor can be run at half-power without lessening the advantages derived from the employment of full compression. Such a construction is illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings, in which the cylinder is shown provided with two of the valve-casings 01, 66*, in each of which is arranged one of my combined rotary combustion chamber and valve having its spindle provided with a bevel-wheel l meshing with a bevel-pinion Z on a spindle m mounted in bearings on the machine. Each of said spindles m carries a bevel-pinion n at its other end gearing with a bevel-wheel n on the crank-shaft of the engine, one of said bevelwheels a being located at each side of the engine. Each of the pinions Z is loosely mounted on its spindle m -as, for instance, by being secured to a sleeve Z revolnbly mounted on the spindle m and adapted to be secured thereto by a clutch i operated by a hand-lever l. The other parts shown in Fig. 0

are identical with those previously described. By throwing either of the clutches Z, out of operative engagement the corresponding combustion-chamber will be stopped from rotating, and the engine can then be operated with half the charge. it

The word gas or vapor referred to in the preceding description is to be understood to include any gas, vapor, or mixture oi'gases and vapors which is capable of producing an explosive mixture with a suitable proportion of air.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder and piston, of a single explosion-chamber, separate from and normally out of communication with said cylinder and capable of containing the entire explosive charge, means for supplying the explosive charges to said chamber, an igniting device, means for temporarily establishing communication between said cylinder and said chamher without altering the position of said chamber with respect to the cylinder, an exhaustport for said cylinder, and a separate exhaust port for said chamber, substantially as described. q

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder and piston, of a single explosion-chamber, separate from and normally out of communication with said cylinder and capable of containing the entire explosive charge, means for supplying the explosive charge to said chamber, an igniting device, means for temporarily establishing communi-' cation between said cylinder and said chamber without altering the position of said chamber, with respect to said cylinder, an exhaustport for said cylinder, a separate exhaustport for said chamber, and means for introducing air under pressure into said chamber to force out the products of combustion, substantially as described.

3. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder, provided with an inlet-port ber separate from said cylinder, capable of containing the entire explosive'charge, and provided with a port adapted to register with the inlet-port of said cylinder, means for supplying explosive charges to said chamber, anv

exhaust for said chamber, a separate exhaust for said cylinder and connections between said chamber and the engine for rotating the chamber, substantially as described.

5. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder provided with an inlet-port and an exhaust-port, of a single revoluble explosion-chamber constructed to rotate upon its own axis, provided with a port adapted to register with the inlet-port of said cylinder, a casing forsaid chamber, provided with an exhaust-port, an inlet-port .for compressed 'air, and an inlet-port for admitting explosive material, an igniting device, for the explosive charge, and means for rotating said explosion-chamber, substantiallyas described.

6. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder provided with an inlet and exhaust port, and the piston, ofa'casing-provided with a conical interior, a'hollow revoluble conical chamber, mounted in said casing constructed to rotate'npon' its own -ftXlS and provided with a port adapted to'register ,withthe inlet-port of the cylinder, means for supplying explosive charges to said chamber, an exhaust for'said-chamber,'means for ro-' tating said chamber, and devices for adjusting said chamber in said casing in adirection longitudinally of the axis of rotation of said chamber, substantially as described; 1

7. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the cylinder provided with aninlet and exhaust 'port,'and'the piston, of a casing pro vided with a conical interior, a hollow revoluble conical chamber, mounted in said casing constructed to rotate upon its own axis and provided with a port adapted to register with the inlet-port of the cylinder,'said cham? ber being provided with axial spindles,mounted in said casing, saidcasin'g being provided with inlet-ports for the explosive charges and an exhaust-port, means for rotating'saidchamber and an adjusting mechanism'engag ing one of said'spindles, substantially as de scribed.

8. In an explosive -engine,'the combination with the cylinder provided'with inlet and ex haust ports and a'piston in said cylinder, of a plurality of independently-revoluble explosion-chambers mounted adjacent to one end of said cylinder each, constructed to rotate upon its own axis and provided each with a s port adapted to register with one of the inletports'of said cylinder, means for supplying an explosive charge to each of said chambers,

dependent of the cylinder exhaust-port, mechengine-shaft, and mechanism for throwing. one or more of said chambers out of operation, to reducethe stantially as described.

ARTHUR WILLIAM .cLAY En.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM J OHN'BATTISHILL, HENRY Cox.

power ofthe engine, sub- .aseparat'e' exhaust-port for each chamberinr anism for revolving said chambers from the