US985797A - Kiln. - Google Patents

Description

P. E. GOLDSMITH. KILN. APPLIOATION FILED APB.25,1905.

\ [Patented Mar.7,'19 11.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor w. 92

Attorney 'rns ATEN. IC

MACHINERY COMPANY, 'OF HAMILTON, OHIO.

KIL'N.

sewer.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Mar. '7, 1911.

-Applicatio1i filed April 25, 1905. :Serial No..257,373.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK E. GOLD- SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and

v enware, pottery,

a resident of Middletown, in the county of Butler andState of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns, of which the following is a complete specification.

The present invention relates to kilns.

This kiln is adapted for burning all earthand other clayey objects, either in the mold, biscuit or in thecoating or glazing of the biscuit. Thekiln is not only adapted for the above described purposes, but its use is contemplated in any art to which it may be found to=be applicable.

The pottery kilns in use at the present time are almost universally constructed of cupola form, openings being made in. the side-through which the saggers containing the earthenware are placed, and having the V usual furnaces and accessories well known to the art. The laborinvolved in filling,

firing, cooliiig and removing the products of the kiln is a labor involving several days.

The present invention reduces the labor of days to a comparatively few-hours.

The construction and operation of the kiln will be'developed in thefollowing descrip-' tion, the invention consisting in the combinationof parts set forth in the accoinpan ing claim.

Figure 1 representsa transverse vertical section of a kiln towhioh my improvements have been applied. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same upon a reduced scale. Fig. 3-is a side elevation of one ofthe trucks showing the pedestal broken away. Fig. 4 represents a perspective detail of a portion of the floor of one of the trucks. Fig. 5 illustrates a method of closing the joints of portions of the sectional kiln.

In the drawings :-1 represents a kiln,

which may be, for illustrative purposes, say

300 feet long. The kiln'i's open at both ends and is provided with a retort chamber 2 of the same length as the kiln and also openat both ends. This retort .is provided preferably with a long slot 3, the length of the kiln, projecting downwardly from the retort 2. Through this retort is passed a table or a series of tables 4 provided with pedestals, supported by upwardly projecting pedestals (Ssupported upon trucks '7 runnin' through a truck chamber 8 at the bottom of the kiln.

The objects .to be burned or baked are placed upon the tables if at one end of:the

kiln and the-"tables are fed therein, byipower- .driven means continuously and slowly through the.kiln, einerging at the opposite end with the products completely-burned.

Proceeding with the 'drawing:-9 represents rails upon which the trucks run.

10 are-the wheels of the trucks preferablv provided witlrfiange d portions engaging the railsand with other-flanged portionsperniitting-the truck tolbe run upon a flooring not provided with rails.

11- rcpresents truck axles.

1-2 are springs for .yieldingly supporting the pedestal 6. p 13 are the side walls. of the kiln.

M: are the furnaces which may be fed.

by gas through pipes '15 oraby coal upon grates 16.

lValls 17 are introduced between the'fun .nace chambers, the'truck c amberS and the slottedvertical openin 3. All the parts subject to direct. action. ofthe-fire are made of fire clay, or the like.

19 are slabs of fire clay resting on the top of the furnaces l4 and provided with flue passages 20 for conveying the products of combustion into the chamber 21, surrounding the retort 2. This chamber .21 is-connected at intervals with stacks 22.

The kiln may be economically built by providing't-he sides of the chamber 21 with vertical and horizontal linings 23 'upon which the slabs 19 may rest, and providing fire clay bracket shaped moldings 23.1'esting in the sidewalls of the brick work. ,These brackets 524:- are provided with seats forroofing-sections 25. .I prefer to PLOVldet-WO of these sections of the same or similar shape with a dead air space 26 betweenthem, and key them at top by keystone block 27 of fire clay forming the apex of the kiln. The

buck stays 28, braces 29 and side-beams 30 afford a convenient means of anaking the kiln rigid and secure.

31 represents a means for moving the trucks and tables continuously through the kiln, the particular means being an endless chain having projections 32 thereon at intervals adapted to be brought .into contact with corresponding projections 33 depending from the truck portion of the tables, a succeeding chain projection being brought in contact with each newly laden table bearside by side. Fig.

' from the time a 1 to some point midwa and also thereafter with the object to be j recited the most effective firings of pottery, earthenware, tileand the like are accon1 I or offsets upon their ing the mold or object to be burned; .After the respectivetrucks and the tables are discharged at the opposite ends of the kiln. they become automatically detached from the power impelling mechanism, and thereafter may be handled in any manner which will result in their being eventually brought back to the feedingend' of the kiln freshly supplied with new objects to be baked.

Instead of there being-a seriesof tables 'andtrucks the table maybe an endless cont1nuously moving platform, capable of course of being controlled, and an endless track may be used for the purpose. The kiln may be built in a straight line or it may be ring shaped or endless.

The slabs l9 and parts 28, 24, 25,27 and the like may be of block form of any desirable size, produced by suitable molds, and arranged to break joints with one another. Likewise the retort 2 is preferably composed of sections ofany suitable dimensions set a jointing these sections by forming flanges respective meeting edges and filling the same by insertions of fire clay 34 at the joints; I

represents spuds which may be formed upon the top of the tables 4:. i

36 is an opening which may be formed in the retort 2 at intervals leading to the exterior air for the purpose of carrying off any undesirable fumes from the retort.

37 is a peep-holetube leading.- from the exterior of the kiln to the interior of the retort above the table 4. These tubes may be placed at convenient places in the length of the kiln. r v

In the movement of the tables through the retort it is generally very desirable to gradually increase the temperature of the firing given table enters the kiln y of the length thereof, to gradually decrease firing until the table fired eventually leaves the kiln( By a process similar to that above the intensity of the plishe'd. The line 38 illustrates diagrammatically the gradual rise of the temperature of the kiln to a point 39 intermediate represents a means ofwith the retort walls 2,

of effecting this highly desired object consists in placingthe outlet stacks 22 leading fromthe fires closer together where the heat is'desired to be more intensive, and to accordinglyincrease the'number or intensity of the fires. will be common to the different fires or batteries of fires and the products of combustion will be free to seek the respective stacks'in either direction. Generally it will be 'desirable to form a head at, each end of the I kiln which will serve in breaking up any I undue draft that might be generated in the kiln by abnormal atmospheric conditions.

My kiln contemplates the simultaneous .movement of the tables, their introduction into the kiln, the firing, their exit and'the removal of the earthenware therefrom in one continuous operation.

The kiln may be made movable and travel over a stationary table 'in the retort. some instances it is desirable to do away and perhaps the slabs 19, and carry the tables 4 in direct contact with the products of combustion in the heating chamber. In such case the tables may carry saggers, properly 'sealed,;contain- 'ing the objects to be fired. The table or fio0r 4 may run up on and be supported by the walls of the heating chamber, if desired.

I claim as my invention I therein, fire-clay slabs resti'ngon the brack- 'ets, a relatively long retort resting on the I slabs, the slabs being separated centrally to provide a slot communicating with the retort, a truck chamber operating the retort and communicating with the slot, fire chambers beneath'the slabs, fire-proof walls-be tween the fire chambers and the slot and the truck chamber, 'a roof provided'with insulating spaces i wall of the retort, and flu'es leading from If the fire chambers to the space around the retort.

FREDERICK ERNST GOLDSMITH. Vitnesses: i HARRY VVALBURG,

ALBERT DELL.

The combination of side walls, brackets 6o- Insuch a plan the stacks 22-.

and spaced away from the I

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