US983833A - Smelting-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

U. W. MUNSON.

SMELTING FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.

' Patented Feb?, 1911.

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SMELTING FURNAGE. 'APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 6, `1905.

983,833. Patented Feb. '7, 1911.

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form such as commonly employed with water-jacketed furnaces. The sections may be secured together and to the wall 21 by suitable means, such as a band indicated at 24 in Fig. l.

Each water-jacketed section, when constructed as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 comprises an upper portion 25 and a lower portion 26 at an obtuse or other suitable angle thereto, so that when six of such sections are assembled as in Figs. l and 2, the lower portion of the chamber inclosed by said sections flares or spreads outwardly, thus giving an enlarged hearth area, with inwardly sloping upper walls at such an angle that when ore is piled on the hearth even to a height that will reach the angle of where the po- rtions 25 and 26 meet, the natural incline of fall of the sides of the pile or heap of ore will not reach the inner surface of said sloping walls. Preferably each section is formed with a lower edge portion 27 to rest on the side 21 of the hearth section, which portion 27 is parallel with the portion 25 although off-set therefrom by the intervening inclined or flaring portion 26, or this part 27 of the section may be extended downward to form the hearth' section 2l as above mentioned. Said inclined or Haring portion is formed with a twyer opening (or a plurality of such openings as in Figs. 8 and 9) to receive the air blast through tubes or nozzles 2S from a suitable source of supply of heated air, such as a hot-air box 29 surrounding the brick work part 30 of the furnace resting on the metallic sections. The supply of hot air at the. proper temperature may be obtained by means of such apparatus as disclosed in U. S. Patent 720,257 granted F eb. 10, 1903, to Koch and MacDonald. If desired an inclosing band 31 may surround the joint between the upper ends of the metallic sections and brickwork, which band may, of course, be of any height, even to forming a complete jacket for the brickwork.

The outer end of each twyer is preferably round, as at 32, for the connection of the tube 28, and the walls converge vertically (see Fig. 5) and diverge horizontally to the inner end 33 (see Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9) so that the blast of heated air is in a practically continuous thin stream entirely around the furnace. However, twyers round at both ends may be used if desired.

Instead of making the shoulder portions 26 of the water-jacketed sections in the form of straight inclines, they may be more or less concave internally, as indicated in Fig. 3. 1n other words, the outward and downward liare of these portions 26 may be either as straight or curved inclines. But it is essential that the Hare or incline from the angle shall be greater relatively to the vertical than the natural incline of fall of the sides of the ore body so that when said body is fused and kept supplied with fresh charges in the manner described in said MacDonald patent, there will always be preserved an air space between the surface of the fusing mass and the mouths of the twyers, whether the hearth be supplied with ore to a point below the angle x or even to a point above it as indicated in Fig. 3. 1f the ores are loaded up into the neck of the furnace, above the angle and the blast driven into the air space just inside the twyers, said blast being continuous and encircling the entire ore body, the effect of such blast is to penetrate the surface of the ore body evenly and to be distributed uniformly and carry down the values into the matte or slag, saving a much higher percentage than can be done when there is any deflectio-n of the blast upward, or when penetrating the ore body at separate points from the usual form of round twyers spaced apart. vWith the air space so confined and encircling the ore-body or charge, the formation of the twyers with widened or laterally elongated inner ends is not indispensable, as the contracted neck of the furnace so confines the air that it is evenly distributed in said space under substantially uniform pressure at all points around the inclined sides of the charge; but I prefer to employ twyers of the form shown and described for several reasons, one being that their widened inner ends cause the blast to eect a more even penetration of the surface upon which it impinges and more uniformly reduce the ore and carry the values down into the matte or The supply of ore may be given to the furnace by any suitable means or through any suitable opening at the top of the furnace (not shown), the .initial charge being preferably made, and the successive small quantities supplied at short intervals in the manner disclosed in the Patent 746,97() above referred to.

1f the height of the charge is such that its sides do not reach the neck as indicated in Fig. l, the blast of air and the fusing Zone of fiame is confined by the inclined surface 26 above the mouths 33 of thetwyers so that the mantle of flame approximately follows the inclined sides of the charge or heap and results in greater efficiency than if such blast was blown into a body of ore, covering the twyers opening as 1s done 1n usual practice,

or was left free to rise, as in Patent 746,970.

In this case the special or elongated form of twyer described is of great utility, since the entire set of twyers causes a practically continuous blast around the charge or heap to penetrate the surface and carry down the values.

A special advantage of the preservation of the confined air space adjacent the twyers is that said twyers are protected from the ore clogging them or the molten mass, which will always flow below them, there being, therefore, no liability of any of said twyers being clogged, or of any of the molten mass running into them, a condition which is a source of much trouble under present practice.

()wing to the construction of the hollow sections which are removable or interchangeable, they may be readily made and shipped and then used in building either a round or oblong furnace. The sections illustrated in Figs. l to 9 inclusive are segmental in cross section or horizontally curved so that six of them can be used in making a round furnace. By providing sections which are horizontally straight, as indicated at 34 in Fig. 10, and interposing two series of such straight sections between three curved sections at each end, an oblong furnace of any length may be builtup, the brick work and hearth section being, of course, built up to correspond.

With a furnace constructed as described, the surface of the ore-body can never contact with the twyers, so as to obstruct them in any way, because the converging walls formed by the portions 26 of the waterjacketed sections form a neck at m that effectually prevents any such spreading of the charge as would enable it to reach the twyers which are ,inclined inwardly and downwardly through said converging walls.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

l. A smelting furnace comprising a iearth and having side walls formed to maintain a heap of the ore with inclined sides from the base upward, the side walls of the furnace being contracted relatively to the hearth to form a limited and confined air space around and close to the base of the heap, and a plurality of twyers having laterally wide and vertically narrow mouths close together to form practically one narrow twyer extending entirely around the furnace and in position to direct a thin stream of air at the base of the heap of ore.

2. A smelting furnace comprising a hearth and having sectional water-jacketed side walls formed to maintain a heap of the ore with inclined sides from the base upward, the said side walls being contracted relatively to the hearth to form a limited and confined air space around the base of the heap, and a plurality of twyers having laterally wide and vertically narrow mouths close together to form practically one narrow twyer extending entirely around the furnace and in position to direct a thin stream of air at the base of the heap of ore.

In testimony whereof l have affixed my signature, in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CORYDON WILLARD MUNSON.

Witnesses:

G. E. KEYT, DOROTHY O. GARwooD.

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