US982032A - Control of electrically-operated switches. - Google Patents

Description

' t'crredto will be tors in rapid succession w impossible.

EUGENE R. CARICHOFF, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW

TRIO COMPANY, A CORPO YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEG- RA'TION OF NEW YORK.

CONTROL OF ELECTRICALLY-OPERATED SW ITCHES.

Application filed September 19, 1910.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1'7, 1911. Serial No. 582,640.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, li ttENE ll. (lamenorr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Control of ElectricallyJ)perated Switches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the control of electrically operated switches and particularly to the control of a plurality of said switches or t'ontactors intended for operation in succession. A plurality of successively operated eontactors are often employed in the control of electric motors and my invention is particularly adapted for use in this connect ion.

In one aspect, my invention may be considered as an improvement on such a system of control as is typified in the patent to A. S. (lubitt. Lt-1,108, November 30, 1909, commonly ret'erreddn as a two-wire notch ing control" system. in systems of this general type it may often happen that the notching relay mechanism is slower in operation than the -ont: u'to1 's and that two or more contactors will close in rapid succession before the relay mechanism becomes etl'ectiveuto delay their operation in the manner intended.

()ne of the objects of my present invert tion is to provide an arrangement in which theincorreet mode of operation above repositively prevcntwt.

ln carrying out my invention. I arrange a two-wire notching .eontrol system with enough resistance in the actuating circuits to prevent the contaetors from operating until one of the switch members of the relay mechanism has operated and closed certain contacts which cause the reduction of resistance in the actuatiln circuit. Since the notching relay mechanism is so arrangetl that these contacts are closed after the contacts in the other actuating circuit have been opened, one eontaetor cannot close until the actuating circuit of the succeeding eontaetorhas been interrupted at the relay mechanism. The closing of two contacithout being controlled by the relay mechanism is therefore.

will be fullv understood My invention "t; r ption, taken m from the tollowi resistances R, R

,of the relay is likewise partying drawing,

simple control system einbodylng my invention; and Fig. 2 shows a modified arrangement which may be employed in the system of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing, it will be seen that I have shown, my system in connection with the starting of a series motor by cutting resistance out of the circuit thereof, but it is obvious that my invention is not limited to the control of this particular type of motor, but may be applied to any type of motor either alternating or direct current.

In the drawing, A represents the armature and F the fiel of a series motor having and R connected in series therewith and adapted to lie-consecutively cut out of circuit to bring the motor to running speed. A series of contactorsl, 2, t, and 4 are arranged first to close the motor circuit through the resistance and'then cut out the sections consecutively. The contactor 1 is provided with two interlocks 5 and 6 adapted to be closed when the contactor is closed and an interlock- 7 adapted to he opened when the contact or closes. Contactors 2 and 3 are provided with similar interlocks 8, 9, l0 and 11, 12, 13, respectively, while the contactor 4 is provided with only two interlocks let and 15, the former to beclosed when the contactor closes, while the latter opens when the contactor is closed. A pair of reiays 16 and 17 are arranged to be operated alternately to successively close the contactors. Relay 16 comprises a winding cooperating with a core provided with a contact member 18 which is arranged to bridge the contacts 1!) when the core is lifted, and to bridge the contacts 20 when the core is down. Relay l? is provided with a similar winding cooperating with a core havinga contact member 21 adapted to opcrate between contacts 22 and 23. Each core controlled by series windings 24 and 25,-respectively, which prcvent the correspomling core from dropping when the current is excessive. A resistance r is arranged to be connected in shunt to the winding of the relay 16 when the contacts 19 are bridged and a similar resistance 1" is adapted tobe connected in shunt with the winding of relay'l? when the contacts 22 close the contactor 1', whereupon the contactor arahridgcd. Aniaster controller C, having two positions, a and b, is arranged to control the relays and contactors.

The arrangement of circuits and mode of operation are as follows: To start the motor the master controller C is moved to position b, whereupon the relay 16 and coil of contactor 1 will be energized, the circuit being as follows: from the line through the controller C, conductor 26, across contacts 23, through winding of relay 16, conductor 27, interlock 7, winding of contactor 1 to ground. This energizes the winding of relay 16 sutiiciently to lift its core and bridge contacts 19. The winding of the relay 16, however, is 0 high resistance and contactor 1 will not close with this resistance in series with it. \Vhen the contacts 19 are bridged, however, a shunt circuit is establishedthrough the resistance 1 1' will close and complete the motor circuit through the resistance sections R, R and R \Vhen contactor l closes, the actuating circuit is opened at interlock 'i' and a holding circuit is closed at interlock (3 through the contact fingers c and (Z. The-closing of contactor 1 likewise closes interlock 5 which is in the circuit of contactor 2. The actuating circuit of contactor 1 being opened at interlock 7, relay 16 is deenergized and contacts 20 will be again bridged, providing the current in the winding .24 is not excessive. This closes a circuit through relay 17 and winding of contactor 2, the circuitbeing as follows: from line through controller C, conductor 26, con tacts 20, winding of relay 17, conductor 28 interlocks o and 10, and winding of con tactor Z'to ground. Contactor 2 will not close, however, until the relay operates and bridges contacts 29, thereby connecting the resistance r in shunt with the winding of the relay 1?. As soon as the relay-17 operates, contactor 2 closes and cuts out section of resistance It. Similarly the circuit of relay 2 is opened at interlock l0 and a circuit is completed through the winding of con tactor 3 at interlock The relay 17 thereupon drops and relay lt'i again operates to 3, by the closing of which the relay 1% is detinergized and the relay 1'? energized to close the contactor a.

It will be seen that no one of the contactors will operate until the relay which controls it has completed its operation, so that by the time it has completed its operation the relay has deenergized the winding of the other relay so that it is impossible for one contactor ti. close until the actuating circuitot' the succeeding contactor has been interrupted. It is thereforeimpossible to close two contactors in rapid succession without the control of the relay mechanism, The operation of the contactors may be stopped at any time by moving the controller to position (1, since the operation of the when the current is excessive.

relays is interrupted by the movanexit of the contact finger c off of its corresponding segment.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a slightly modified form in which a singleseries relay 29 controls the notching relays, so that the windings 30 and 31 of the relays will notoperate Instead of having the relay windings of high resistance, I employ the auxiliary resistances r and T which are to be connected in series with the windings 30 and 31 respectively when the relays are down and to beshort circuited when the relays are up. The operation of parts will be substantially thesame as in Fig. 1. Conductors 27 and 28 are the actuating wires of the contactors and as each relay operates, it short circuits the resistance in series'with the winding and thereby reduces the resistance of the actuating circuit and allows the corresponding contactor to close. The operation of the notching relay is all the time under the con-, trol of the series winding and when the current becomes excessive it will stop the operation.

\Vhile I have described my invention as embodied in concrete mechanif ill and as operating in a specific manner, in accordance with the patent statutes, it oulf be understood that I do not limit my invention there to, since various modifications thereof will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spiritof my invention, the scope ot-which is set forth in the annexed claims.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

V 1. In con'ibination, a plurality of contactors intended for operation in succession, two actuating circuits leading to alternate contactors, relay mechanism tor energizing said actuating circuits alternately and connections whereby the resistance oi? the actuating circuits is alternately decreased upon the successive operation oi the relay mechanism to cause said contactors to close successively.

2. In combination, a plurality of-contactors intended for operation in succession, two actuating circuits leading to alternate contactors, relay mechanism arranged to be energized simultanmnisly with the alternate actuating circuits, and connections whereby the resistance of each actuating circuit is decreased to close the res 'icctii'e contactor upon each operalionot the relay mechanism.

In combination, a plurality of cont-actorsintended for operation in succes ion,

two actuating circuits contactors and a relay contactors, switches creased to close the respective contactor upon I tacts each operation of the relay mechanism.

In combination, a plurality of contactors intended for operation in succession, leading to alternate mechanism for energizing the said actuating circuits alternately comprising switches located in said actuating circuits, an actuating magnet'for opening each of said switch contacts, a shunt circuit around each magnet coil, and contacts in said shunt circuit closed by'the corresponding magnet when energized.

5. In combination, a plurality of contactoi's intended for operation in succession, two actuating circuits leading to alternate contactors, and a relay mechanism for energizing said actuating circuits alternately comprising sw1tch each of said actuating circuits, an actuating magnet for opening the switch contacts of each circuit, each magnet hai ing its coil controlled by the switch contacts of the other magnet, a shunt circuit around each magnet coil, and contacts in said shunt circuits closed by the corresponding magnet when energized.

6. In combination, a plurality of contactors intended for operation in succession, two actuating circuits leading to alternate closed by each contactor located in the actuating circuit of the succeeding contactor, and a relay mechanism for energizing said actuating circuits alternately coi'nprising two actuating magnet coils having movable cores one located in each of said actuating circuits, a shunt circuit around each magnet coil, normally closed switch contacts located in each actuating circuit, normally open switch contacts located in said shuntcircuits, and connectious whereby each core in its movement in response to the energization of its coiiperatiug magnet coil first opens the switch concontacts one located in' in the dther magnet coil and then closes the switch contacts located in the shunt circuit around the magnet coil cooperating with that core.

7. In combination, a plurality of contactors intended for operation in succession, two actuating circuits leading to alternate contactors, relay mechanism ha ing an crating winding for each actuating circuit arranged to be alternately energized simultaneously with the energization of the alternate actuating circuits to operate the relay mechanism,and connections whereby the re-- sistance of the alternating actuating circuits is decreased upon the closing of the relay mechanism to close the successive contae tors.

8. In a relay mechanism, two actuating magnet coils each having movable cores cooperating therei'vith, switch contacts oper ated by each core connected with the actuating Winding of the other core, a shunt eircuit around each of said actuating windings and switch contacts operated by each core located said core.

9. In a relay mechanism, two actuating magnet coils each having movable cores cooperating therewith, normally closed switch contacts opened by each of said cores in their movement in response to the energization of said actuating coil, each set of switch contacts being connected in circuit with the actuating coil operating the other contacts, a shuntcircuit around each of said actuating coils, and switch contacts closed by each core 'located in the shunt circuit around the coil cooperating with thatcore.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of September, 1910.

EUGENE R.v CARICHOFF.

\Vitnesses Gno. P. YVurr'rLnsnY, IIIGLEN ORFORD.

in the shunt circuit cooperating with-

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