US1341675A - Control system - Google Patents

Description

L. G. RILEY CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 30 1916.

Patented June 1, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Sequence cf Switches INVENTOR Lynn (5. F85 Iey.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY L. G. RILEY. CONTROL SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 30. 1916.

' Patented une 1, 1920.

Z SHEEISSHEET 2- R. U VJ N MR .A a

Y n n 1 W 5 F,

m 8 w w UNITED STATES PATET FFICE.

LYNN G. RILEY, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AS'SIGNOR T0 WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMEANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Application filed October 30, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYNN Gr. RILEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of lVilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Control Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of control and particularly to systems of control for electrically propelled vehicles.

. One object of my invention is to provide a system of control wherein the motors may be operated in series and in parallel-circuit relation and the transition of the motors from series to parallel-circuit relation may be effected by means of switches and a controller segment.

Another object of my invention is to provide a system of control of the above-indicated character that shall have one set of resistors and means for effecting different combinations of said resistors when the motors are in series and when they are in parallel-circuit relation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a system of control provided with means for effecting the automatic acceleration of the motors from the initial series position to the final parallel position and for effecting manual control of the motors during a number of predetermined acceleration steps. Another object of my invention is to provide a system of the above-indicated character embodying a limit switch having a series and a shunt coil and an overload trip having the usual reset coil. The reset coil and the shunt coil of said limit switch are placed in the same series circuit and are so constructed that said coils may not be simultaneously operated.

A further object of my invention is to provide a system of the above-indicated character wherein the breaking of all the main circuits is accomplished by three switches.

In automatic control systems now in service, trouble is experienced in'controlling the speed of the vehicles containing tl1em,when the traffic is congested, as the motors therein may only be run at a limited number of speeds. However, in my present invention, the operator may have absolute control of Specification of Letters Patent.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

Patented June 1, 1920.

Serial No. 128,413.

the speed of the car when the traffic is congested and the motors are being operated in series relation, and, when the car is being operated where the ti'aflic is less congested, the motor, if desired, may be automatically accelerated from the initial series position to the final parallel position.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a system of control embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a chart illustrating the sequence of operation of the switches illustrated in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the auxiliary control circuits for governing the system illustrated in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, four motors M1, M2, M3 and Met, respectively comprising armatures A1, A2, A3 and A 1 and field windings F1, F2, F3 and F4, are adapted to be connected in series-parallel and in parallelcircuit relation by means of switches P and S and an auxiliary control drum 1, and are adapted to be connected in series with resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and I15, across a supply circuit comprising conductors 25 and g, by means of a line switch LS. A resistor control drum 2, comprising movable contact segments 3 and 4, is adapted to engage contact fingers 5 to 12, inclusive, for excluding the resistors R1 to B5, inclusive, from the circuit of the motors M1 to M4, i11- clusive. A reversing switch RS of usual construction is provided in circuit with the motors M1 to M4, inclusive, and the coil of an overload trip switch OT is provided in circuit with the motors. A limit switch L, comprising two differential coils, a shunt coil 13 and a series coil 14, is provided for governing the automatic acceleration of the motors, the series coil 14 being placed in circuit with the motors as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The auxiliary control circuits illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings embody a master controller MG, a main control drum 15, and the auxiliary and the resistor control drums illustrated in Fig. 1. The three control drums 1, 2 and 15 are mounted on one shaft 16 and are adapted to be controlled by an apparatus PK which is described in detail later. A. master reverser MR, comprising contact segments 17 and 18. is adapted to engage contact fingers 19, 20 and 21 when moved in a forward or in a reverse direction for controlling the forward and the reverse coils f and r, by means of the contact segments 22 and 23 which cooperate with contact fingers 24, 25 and 2G, and 2. 28 and 29.

The master controller BIC embodies a movable contact segment 30 which is adapted to engage contact fingers 31 to 37, inclusive, for completing circuits from the battery B through the coils of the switches LS, S and P, and the coils of a standard magnet valve 38 and of an inverted magnet valve 39, which is described in detail later.

The apparatu PK embodies a rack bar 40, which is adapted to engage a pinion 41 mounted on the controller shaft 16 and is provided with pistons 42 and 43 which are attached to the respective ends thereof. The pistons 42 and 43 operate within cylinders 44 and 45 which are supplied with air pressure by magnet valves 46 and 4?. The standard magnet valve 46, in its normal inoperative position, is adapted to connect the cylinder 24 to the atmosphere, and, when the coil 38 thereof is energized, the valve is operated to connect the cylinder 44 to an air supply 48. The inverted magnet valve 47, in its normal inoperative position, is adapted to connect the cylinder 45 to an air supply 49, and, when the coil 39 thereof is energized, the valve is operated to connect the cylinder 45 to the atmosphere. Thus, with both magnet valves released and in the position illustrated, the cylinder 45 will be supplied with air pressure and the air pressure within the cylinder 44 will be released so that the apparatus PK and the control drums 1, 2 and 15 are moved to, and held in, the position illustrated in Fig. In case the magnet valves 46 and 4'? are simultaneously operated, the air pressure within the cylinder 45 is released and the cylinder 44 is connected to the air supply 48, whereby the apparatus PK may be moved to its extreme right hand position. By continuously operating the standard magnet valve 46 and intermittently operating the inverted magnet valve 47, an intermittent operation of the apparatus PK may be obtained.

The main control drum 15 embodies contact segments 50 and 51 which are adapted to engage the contact fingers 52 to 60, in elusive, when moved through positions a to 75, inclusive, for governing the operation of the apparatus PK. A push button PB is provided for bridging the contact terminals 61 to close a circuit from the battery B through a reset coil 62 and the shunt coil 13 of the limit switch L. The switches LS, P and S are provided with interlock switches, the purpose of which will be self evident when. the circuits therethrough are traced. A line relay LR is provided in the circuit of the coil of the line switch LS, and the coil thereof is connected directly across the supply conductors 25 and 5 A. plurality of train-line conductors 63 to 71, inclusive, are provided for connecting the master controller to the coils of the various switches and the contact fingers of the main control drum l5.

In case the automatic acceleration of the motors from the initial series position to the final parallel position is desired, the master controller is moved to position 0, but, if the manual control of the motors in the series positions is desired, the master controller is moved successively through the positions a, 7), 0, (Z and e. In order to explain the operation of the system, the manual control when the master controller is moved successively through positions (a, 7), c, (l and c is described.

lVhen the master reverser MR is moved to its forward position, as illustrated, and the master controller is moved to position a, a circuit is conu leted, from one terminal of the battery B, through contact fingers 32 and 31, which are bridged by the contact segment 30, contact fingers 20 and 21, which are bridged by the contact segment 18, train-line conductor 69, contact fingers 25 and 26, which are bridged by the contact segment 22, overload trip switch OT, line relay LR, coil of the line switch LS, interlock switch D1, which is mounted on the shaft 16 with the control drums 15, 2 and 1, and the train-line conductor '70 to the other terminal of the battery B. The line switch LSv is thus operated and a second circuit is completed in position a of the master controller MC, which may be traced from the one terminal of the battery B. through contact fingers and 33, which are bridged by the contact segment 30, trainline conductor 67 where the circuit divides, one branch extending through the coil 38 at the standard magnet valve 46, interloclr switch LS-iu, and the train-line conductor 70 to the other terminal of the battery B, and the second. branch extending through the contact fingers 58 and 59, which are bridged by the contact segment 51, the coil of the switch S, interlock switches P- out and LS-in, and the train-line conductor 70 to the other terminal of the battery B. The coil is energized to operate the stand ard magnet valve 46 and supply air pressure to the cylinder 4-4, but no movement of the apparatus PK is accomplished at this time, the inverted magnet valve 47 is in its normal inoperative position so that air pressure is supplied to the cylinder which counterbalances the air pressure in the cylinder 44. The operation of the switches LS and S completes a circuit in series through the motors M]. to 314, inclusive. which may be traced from the supply conductor 1, through the coil of the overload trip switch OT, line switch LS, resistors R1, R2, R3,

B4 and B5, motors M3 and M4 in parallel, switch S, motors M1 and M2 in parallel, and the series coil 14 of the limit switch L to the ground conductors g.

lVhen the master controller is moved to position b, a circuit is completed from one terminal of the battery B, through contact fingers 32 and 34, which are bridged by the contact segment 30, train-line conductor 66, contact fingers 55 and 56, which are bridged by the contact segment 50, limit switch L, coil 39 of the inverted magnet valve 47 interlock switch S-in, and the train-line conductor 70 to the other terminal of the battery B. The coil 39 is energized and the inverted magnet valve 47 is operated to release the air within the cylinder and to advance the apparatus PK and the control drums 1, 2 and 15 to the position b, where the circuit of the coil 39 is broken by reason of the disengagement of the contact finger from the contact segment 50. In position b of the main control drum 2, the contact segment 3 engages contact fingers 5 and 6 to exclude the resistor R1 from the circuit of the motors M1 to M4, inclusive.

If the master controller is moved to position 0 and the limit switch L is released, a circuit is again completed through the coil 39 of the inverted magnet valve 47, which may be traced from one terminal oi the battery B, through the contact fingers 32 and 35, which are bridged by the con tact segment 30, train-line conductor 65, contact fingers 54, and 56, which are bridged by the contact segment 50, limit switch L, coil 39, interlock switch S-in, and train-line conductor 70 to the other terminal of the battery B. The coil 39 is thus energized to operate the apparatus PK and advance the control drums 1, 2 and 15 to position 0, where the contact finger 54 disengages the contact segment 50 to deenergize the coil 39 and arrest the movement of the apparatus PK and the control drums attached thereto. In position 0 of the main control drum 2, the contact segment 3 engages the contact finger 8 to exclude the resistors R2 and R3 from the circuit of the motors M1 to M4, inclusive.

When the limit switch L is released and the master controller is moved to position (i, another circuit is completed through the coil 39, which may be traced from one terminal of the'battery B, through the contact fingers 32 and 36, which are bridged by the contact segment 30, train-line conductor 64, contact fingers 53 and 56, which are bridged by the contact segment 50, limit switch L, coil 39, interlock switch Sin, and the trainline conductor to the other terminal of the battery B. The apparatus PK and the contact drums 1, 2 and 15 are advanced to position (5 in a manner similar to that before described and the contact segment 3 of the main control drum 2 engages contact finger 9 to exclude all the resistors R1 to R5, inclusive, fromthe circuit of the motors M1 to M4, inclusive.

In moving the master controller to posi tion 6, the transition of the motors from series to parallel-circuit relation is first effected and then the automatic acceleration of the motors from the first parallel position 6 to the final parallel position It is effected by means of the limit switch L. In position 6 of the master controller, a circuit is completed from one terminal of the battery B, through the contact fingers 32 and 37, which are bridged by the contact segment 30, train-line conductor 63, contact fingers 52 and 56, which are bridged by the contact segment 50, limit switch L, coil 39, interlock switch S-in, and train-line conductor 70 to the other terminal of the battery B. The control drums 1, 2 and 15 are thus advanced to position a, the coil oi the switch S is deenergized by reason of the disengagement of the contact finger 59 from the contact segment 51, the coil of the switch P is energized by reason of the engagement of contact finger G9 with contact finger 51, and the auxiliary control drum 1 engages contact fingers associated therewith. The motors M1 to M4, inclusive, are thus connected in parallel relation by a circuit which may be traced from the supply conductor 2, through the coil of the overload trip switch OT, line switch. LS, resistors R3, R4 and R5, where the circuit divides, one branch extending through the switch P, the motors M1 and M2 in parallel, and the series coil H: of the limit switch L, to the return supply conductor 5 and the second branch extending through the motors M3 and M4 in paral lel, and the auxiliary control drum 1, to

the return supply conductor g. The acceleration of the motors from position a to the final parallel position 72 is accomplished, in a well known manner, by means of the limit switch L.

The overload trip switch QT may take any well-known form, and is here diagram matically shown as comprising a coil 74 that is connected in series relation with the motor circuit for magnetizing a core member 75 to attract a swinging armature 76 into its uppermost position under conditions of overload-current flow. A contact disk 77 is insulated from the core 75 and is con nected in circuit with the actuating coil of the line switch LS, as shown in Fig. 3.

A pivoted latch 78 is biased to the illustrated position by a suitable spring 79, while the core 30 oi? the reset coil 62 is positioned opposite the lower end of the latch 7 8.

The operation of the trip switch may be set forth as follows: upon the occurrence oi overload conditions the motor circuit and, therefore, in the switch coil 74, the core 7 5 and the armature 76 are attracted upwardly to open the circuit including the contact disk 77 and thus cause the line switch to open. Reclosure of the trip switch and, therefore, of the line switch is prevented by reason of the fact that the latch 78 now upholds the armature 76 to maintain the trip switch in its open position.

lVhen the motorman desires to reset the overload trip and continue operation of the motors, the push button PB is operated to bridge the contact fingers 61 and complete a circuit which may be traced from one terminal of the battery I), through the contact fingers 61 bridged by the push button PB, train-line conductor 71, reset coil 62, interlock switch LS-out, and the train-line conductor 70, to the other terminal of the battery B. The reset coil is thus energized and the overload trip switch OT is released to its illustrated closed position, by suitable actuation of the latch 78. The shunt coil 13 of the limit switch L is bridged by the interlock switch LS-out so as not to be affected by the circuit which is closed by the push button PB. In case an abnormal current is flowing through the motors, such as to prevent the release of the limit switch L, and it is desired to accelerate the motors, the push button P13 is operated to energize the differential coil 13 of the limit switch L and overcome the action of the series coil 14:. Inasmuch as the line switch LS is now in an operated position, the interlock switch LS- out is operated to open the shunt circuit around the coil 13. The reset coil 62 and the shunt coil 13 of the limit switch L are now in series-circuit relation and the shunt coil 13 is energized so as to overcome the action of the series coil 14;, but, by reason of the great impedance of the shunt coil 13, the reset coil 62 is not energized sufficiently to affect the overload trip switch OT.

In the above system, it may be noted that the transition of the motors from series to parallel relation is accomplished by means of the switches P and S and the auxiliary control drum 1, and that one set of resistors, namely, the resistors R1 to R5, inclusive, effects the acceleration of the motors in series and in parallel relation by independent steps. The control of the motors may be automatic by moving the master con troller directly to position 6 or the motors may be manually controlled. in the series position by successively moving the mastc controller through positions a, Z), c, and (Z. The shunt coil of the limit switch and the reset coil of the overload trip are placed in the same circuit and may be selectively operated, as desired.

I do not wish to be restricted to the specific circuit connections and arrangement and location of parts herein set forth, as various modifications thereof may be effected with out departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of motors adapted to be operated in series and in parallel relation, of means for effecting the transition of the motors from series to parallel relation, said means comprising two normally open independent switches and a controller segment for directly completing the motor-transition circuits, and means comprising a master controller for governing said switches and said controller segment.

2. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of motors adapted to be operated in series 1nd in parallel circuit relation, of two switches and a controller segment, and means for effecting the continuous-circuit transition of said motors from series to pa "allel-circuit relation while employing said switches and the controller segment for completing the motor circuits.

3. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of motors adapted to be operated in series and in parallel-circuit relation, of means for effecting the continuous-circuit transition of said motors from series to parallel-circuit relation comprising switches and a controller segment for completing the motor circuits.

l. In a system of control, the combination with four motors adapted to be operated in series-parallel and in parallel circuit relation, of means for effecting transition of said motors from series-parallel to parallelcircuit relation, and two normally open independent switches and a controller segment for completing all motor circuits during the transition of said motors from seriesparallel to parallel-circuit relation.

5. In a'system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of motors adapted to be connected across said supply circuit, and a limit switch having a series and a shunt coil for effecting automatic acceleration of said motors, of a reset coil in series with the limit shunt coil, and means for shunting said limit shunt coil when the reset coil is operated.

6. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of motors adapted to be connected across said supply circuit, a limit switch having a series and a shunt coil for effecting the :uitomatic acceleration of said motors, and a reset coil, of a single circuit including said shunt coil and said reset coil, and means for operating either the shunt coil or the reset coil according to whether the shunt coil is short-circuited.

7. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plu fality of motors, a line switch for connecting the motors across the supply circuit, a limit switch having a series and a shunt coil for effecting the automatic acceleration of said motors, and a reset coil, of a single wire for effecting the energization of said shunt coil and said reset coil, and means for preventing the operation of said reset coil in case the line switch is closed and for preventing the operation of the shunt limit coil in case the line switch is open.

8. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and a plurality of motors adapted to be connected in series and in parallel relation across the supply circuit, of means comprising three normally open independent switches and a controller segment for connecting said motors in series and in parallel relation across the supply circuit and for effecting all main motorcircuit breaks during the transition of said motors from series to parallel-circuit relation.

9. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and a plurality of motors adapted to be connected in series and in parallel relation across the supply circuit, of three switches and a controller segment for connecting said motors in series and in parallel relation across the supply circuit and for effecting the continuous-circuit transition of said motors from series to parallel-circuit relation, and means for effecting all main circuit breaks at said thre switches.

10. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and for motors adapted to be connected across said supply circuit, of means comprising three normally open independent switches and a controller segment for connecting said motors in seriesparallel and in parallel-circuit relation across the supply circuit and for effecting all main circuit breaks at said switches.

11. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and a plurality of motors adapted to be connected across said supply circuit, of means comprising switches and controller segments for completing main motor-circuits to accelerate said motors in series and in parallel-circuit relation and to effect the continuous-circuit transition of the motors from series to parallel-circuit relation.

12. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of motors adapted to be operated in series and in parallel-circuit relation, of means comprising two switches and a controller segment for efiecting continuous-circuit transition of the motors from series to parallel-circuit relation, all motor-circuit breaks during transition being effected at said switches and the controller segment.

13. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, and a plurality of motors adapted to be operated in series and in parallel-circuit relation, of three normally open independent switches and a controller segment for effecting all main motor-circuit connections when the motors are connected across the supply circuit and when transition of the motors from series to parallelcircuit relation is effected.

1 1. In a system of control, the combination with a motor, and means comprising a limit switch having two differential windings for effecting acceleration of the motor, of an overload trip switch having a reset coil connected in series with one of said differential windings, and means for shunting the last-mentioned differential winding under predetermined conditions.

15. In a system of control, the combination with a motor, and means comprising a limit switch having two differential windin 's for effecting acceleration of the motor, of an overload trip switch having a reset winding and adapted to effect the opening of the motor circuit under predetermined conditions, said reset coil being located in series with one of said differential windings, and means for preventing the simultaneous operation of the reset coil and the energization of the last-mentioned differential winding.

16. In a system of control, the combination with a motor, and means comprising a limit switch having a main and an auxiliary coil for effecting acceleration of the motor under various load conditions, of a. reset coil associated with said auxiliary coil and means for shunting said auxiliary coil when the reset coil is energized under predetermined conditions.

17. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of motors, and means for operating the motors in various circuit relations, of a limit switch having a plurality of coils for effecting automatic acceleration of said motors, a reset coil in series with one of said coils, and means for shunting said last-mentioned coil when the reset coil is operated under predetermined conditions.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19th day of Oct.

LYNN G; RILEY.

Images