US979987A - Dust-collector. - Google Patents

Description

0. M. MORSE, DEGD. a. el MORSE, SPECIAL ADMINISTEA'IBIX.

DUST COLLECTOR. APPLIUATION FILED 0019., um.

Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORVILLE MORSE, 0F JACKSON, MICHIGAN; SARAH G. MORSE SPECIAL ADMINIS- TRATRIX 0F SAID ORVILLE M. MORSE, DECEASED.

I DUST-COLLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 27,1910.

Application filed October 9, 1905. Serial No. 281,928.

, To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORvILLn M. Mon sn, a citizen of the United States, residing at J ackson, in'the county of Jackson and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust-Collectors, of which the following is a specification.-

My invention relates to centrifugal dust collectors, and has for its general object to providea machine of large capacity in relation to its internal area, wherein the loss of power due to back pressure may be slight, and the separating action effective.

To these and other ends which will become apparent to those skilled in the art, I provide in my machine 'an area in which the dust-laden air, when tangentially intro duced, tends to set up a normal or concentric vortical whirl, and I arrange at different radial distances fromthe center of such area, in the upper plane thereof, a plurality of deflectors, one overlying the other, and disposed to prevent the establishment in said lane of the normal whirl and to cause to be established in said area aneccentric vort-ical whirl, said deflectors serving to deflect practically dustless air into operative proximity to an air outlet, opening into the eccentric whirl, and to deliver the deflected dustladen air with reduced force into the path of the incoming air before it passes under the influence of the aforesaid vortical whirl.

For the most effective operation and simple construction, I prefer that one deflector be disposed to deflect a dust-laden portion of air from its normal course within the containing structure, to a point in advance of the inlet, and that the other, inner deflector be disposed in overlying relation to the first, to deflect a relatively dustless portionof air from radially within t'he first said deflected portion to a point farther in advance of the inlet to establish an eccentric vortical whirl excluding the first said deflected air portion. In the drawings I such an embodiment of my invention,

' though it will be understood that the illustration simply for purposes of full disclosure a'nd, \vitlmut intent to limit my invention to the specific construction shown.

It will become obvious that numerous have acc ordingly. shown changes might be made in the construction without departure from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Referring now to the drawings: Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a machine embodying my invention, taken on line 11 of Fig. 2 and showing the deflector-structure in elevation with parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Throughout the figures like numerals of reference refer to like parts.

To describe now the specific construction shown, 5 indicates in eneral a confining structure or casing of suitable shape, wherein dust-laden air may rotate, comprising preferably a conical base 5, a head 5 which may be cy1indrical,-or as shown, slightly conical, and a deck 5,the whole including an area vertically communicating throughout. 6 indicates a tangential inlet to the structure, located contiguous to the deck thereof. 7 is a dust-outlet at' the bottom or apex of the base, 5, and 8 a purified air outlet in the deck 5. These parts are, in general, well known as a form of easing struc ture, and other forms of easing wherein moving; dust-laden air may centrifugally mass its dust might be employed in lieu thereof.

lVithin the area inclosed by the confining height, though as shown, I prefer that deflector 10 extend slightly below deflector 9. The deflector 9 is arranged to deflect a pcripheral portion of the air, laden with dust, inward in the machine and deliver it to the incoming air in advance of the inlet,.and to this end extends, in plan, from a point contiguous to and preferably in contact with the wall .5 of the casing, in a curved eccentric to the casing axis to some suitable point,

preferably about half way around the casing from its starting'point. The deflector 10, generally overlying the deflector 9, is

arranged at a less radial distance from the casing axis to "deflect an inner, practically extends from a point out of contact with the deflector 9 and the casing wall in a curve eccentric to th e asing axis and preferably eccentric also with respect to'deflector 9, to

some suitable point, preferably in advance of the end of deflector 9, (with respect to the directionjof air movement). Thus there is left between deflectors 9 and 10 a space 11, preferably an expansion space grad ually increasing in width in the direction of air movement, and in said expansion space I preferably provide means for positively causing the material in movement therein to take a downward course, such means being herein shown as an inclined top-plate 12, extending gradually downward from the deck of the casing. The deflectors 9 and 10 may, to good effect, be provided at their ends with out-turned lips 9 and 10 respectively, to stiflen the deflectors, and deflector lOmay be cut away at the top adjacent its end, as at 10.

The outlet 8, opening into the eccentric whirl area within deflector 10, I prefer should be adjustable in position, although obviously it might be permanently located.

-Fb'r adjustability, therefore, I provide as part ,of the deck structure two rotatable plates 13 and 14:, the former having therein an eccentric aperture'wherein isfnested the late 14 and the latter having eccentrically ocated therein the outlet opening 8.

The deflector 10, may, if desired,'be adjustable to vary the distance of its inner end from the casing axis, and to this end is pivoted as at 10, at its radially outer extremity, its inner end having secured thereto abolt 15,.the head whereof overlies a slot 16" in a plate, 16, partly covering the opening for ring-13, and affording a convenient support for the inner ends of deflectors", and 10. b

17 indicates a clamping nut on the bolt 15 for securing the deflector in adjusted position.

In operation, dust laden air, blown tangentially into the area included within the confining walls of the casing tends to set up a vortical whirl therein concentric with the parent that deflectors 9 and 10 jointly deflect substantially the whole air-body, the

deflector 10 skimming away the practically dustless air and turning it into the eccentric vortical whirl into which the outlet 8 opens, and the deflector 9., keeping the peripheral dust-laden air-belt out of the incoming air adjacent the outlet and out of the vortical whirl. Thus the dust-laden air introduced into the casing 'is substantially entirely deflected, and is separated from the multiple deflectors, the dust laden part being maintained for a suitable distance out of the incoming current-and then delivered to the incoming current or downward below it,

' while the practically dustless air is deflected into an eccentric vortical whirl from which it escapes practically unimpeded through. the air outlet. 4

While I believe the broad conception of a machine operating as above described'to be new and. will broadly claim the same, some of the minor features of my machine shown are quite important from apractical standpoint.

The relative arrangement of the deflectors whereby the space 11 is made of increasing width I believe to' be notable, 'as the expansion pf the air therein slackened its speed and causes said dust-laden air to be delivered with reduced force to the incoming air current, at the end of the deflector 9, so that it does not seriously impede the entrance of incoming air, Furthermore, the expanding shape,'in plan',.of the area radially without the deflector 9, into which the dustl-aden air is'blown, permits an expansion of the in- I coming air which decreases its density and enables the lighter dust particles to reach the casing wall with greater facility.

gThe dust carried into the machine with the air largely masses and drops below the plane of the deflectors in its initial partial circuit of the cas n beforeireaching the deflectors, but such ust as is carried to the .defleotors,massed by virtue of centrifugal action, is deflected by deflector 9 and thereby additionally massed, so that it passes close to deflector 9 into the space 11, the relatively-dustless inner air. portionbeing deflected by deflector 10 to establish an eccentric vortical whirl as above described.-

The dust entering the space 11 finds decreasing support as the air expands and tends to pass downward below the level'of the deflectors such tendency being preferably ac- :where the expansion of the incoming air has so reduced its density that the dust particles may probably passreadily therethrough to the casing wall.

It is preferable that there be always left a space between the deflector 10 and the air outlet, that any dust-entering the vortical.

--whirl may be oentrifugally maintained out of the path of air escape until the end of the deflector 10 is reached and the dust projected without the vortical whirl area into the incoming air. The cutting away of the deflector 10, at 10, I believe also asslsts in preventing dust escape from the air-outlet, as the expansion of the air'in space 11 creates a vacuum-tendency which establishes an induced draft through opening 10", so that dust following the deck of the casing readily passes therethrough. I

In the'lower portion of the machine, the vortical action is substantially concentrlc, some distortion being caused by the eccentricity of the dominant whirl above, but not enough to materially affect the working of the machine.

While I have herein described with some particular-it one embodiment of my invention, it will e apparent that numerous modifications might be made therein wlthout departure from the spirit and scope of my mvent ion.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim and desire-to secure by Letters Patent, of-the United States, is:

, 1. In a centrifugal dustcollector, a structure inclosing an area wherein the air tends to whirl, provided with a tangentlal inlet,

an air outlet and-a dust outlet, and a plurality of deflectors, including between their lateral faces an elongated expansion space gradually increasing in width in the vdirection of air movement.

2. In a centrifugal dust collector, a structure inclosing an area wherein the air tends to whirl provided with a tangential inlet, an air outlet and a dust outlet, and a plurality of vertical deflectors, curved in plan,

including between their lateral faces an elongated expansion space arcuate in plan, graduallyincreasing in width in the direc- .tion of air movement and located in eccentric relation to the casing axis.

3. In a centrifugal-dust collector, a structure including an area wherein the air tends end with a tangential inlet, in its top with an air outlet, and in its base-with a dust outlet, and a plurality of deflectors, arranged in overlying relation throughout a major portion of their extent at different radial distances from the center of the area, said deflectors in plan being both curved throughout their overlapping portions and eccentric to the center of said area, and gradually approaching said center in the direction of air movement, the radially outermost deflector extending from an initial point of contact with theiincluding structure and from substantially the top of said .area to the bottom of the inlet.

4. In a centrifugal dust collector, a casing structure wherein dust-laden air may said deflector, said casing providilig an air outlet openmg to the eccentric whlrl area partially defined by the :deflectors, a dust outlet, and a tangential airinlet to the area radially outside of the first said deflector,

whereby the inner deflector diverts relatively dustless air into an eccentric vortical whirl to which the airoutlet opens, and the outer deflector diverts substantially the entire dust-laden air ortion for delivery outside of the BCCQIltIlC'VOI'tlCfll whirl to the incoming dust-laden air.

5. In a centrifugal dust collector, a casing structure wherein dust-laden air may move to centrifugally mass the dust, a tangential inlet thereto, a dust outlet thererom, 'a deflector extending from a point out ofcontact with the casing wall eccentrically inward toward the axis-of the casing to a point between the air outlet and the casing wall, means between said deflector and the casing Wall for downwardly directing dust passing between the casing wall and the radially outer end of said deflector, said casing providing an air outlet opening to the whirl area within, and partially defined by, said deflector.

6. In a centrifugal dust collector, a structure wherein movmg dust laden air tends to centrifugally mass its dust, a tangential inlet thereto, a dust outlet therefrom, and a plurality of deflectors arranged in overlying relation to form therebetween an expansion space, the deflectors being disposed to establish an eccentric vortical whirl in the upper portion of the structure, and an air outlet opening into the area of said eccentric vortical whirl.

7 In a centrifugal dust collector, a structure including an area, vertically substantially uninterrupted and tapering to a dust outlet at the bottom, a tangential inlet in the upper part thereof wherethrough dust laden air may be introduced to move within thestructure to centrifugally mass its dust, a plurality of deflectors, one arranged to deflect substantially dustles's air from Within the massed dust in the upper plane of the easing into a vortical whirl eccentric to the casing, and the other arranged to deliver the massed dust with reduced orce to the air body without said eccentric vortical Whirl, and an air outlet opening into said eccentric vortical whirl.

outlet in the top thereof, and a plurality of upper portion of the structure in the area deflectors arranged in overlying separated In testimony whereof I hereunto set my relation to form therebetween an expansion hand in the presence of two witnesses. space, one of said deflectors being adjust- ORVILLE M. MORSE.

. In the presence of WILLIAM B. KNICKERBOCKER,

JOHN L. BENTLEY.

able, and said deflectors being disposed to establish an eocentricWortical whirl in the into which the air outlet opens.

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