US97826A - Improvement in looms - Google Patents

Description

V To allwhoia Yit may concern:

stent Qtililrr.

L YNMN s'roNE, or NELSON, NEW Hiiiirlsninn.Y

Letters Patent'No. 97,826, dated December 14, 1869.

Be it known that I, LYMAN STONE, of Nelson, in

. the county Aof Cheshire, and State of New Hampshire,

i* have invented `a new' and .useful Improvement in Looms; and I do hereby declare that the following is f a full, clear,and exact descriptionv thereof', which `will `enable. others i skilled in the artl to make and use; the

i same, reference being had tothe accompanyingfdraw'- ings, forming part of this specification. A This invention `relates to improvements in powerlooms, and `has for its principalobject to provide an arrangement and construction of the-same, calculated tofurnish looms offeqnal or greater eiiiciency thanthose `nowin use, `but occupying very much less space, so as to` econoiniz'e materially in room, where large i numbers are used cna floor, as is the case iii factories, i notonly in-respect of the space occupied by the loom itself, but also in respect of the space required for the passages'or aisles between the rows ot' looms. Y

` The `invention also relates to auiimproved let-off mechanism.A i v f Also, Van improved picker-motion. Also, ai-i improved construction and arrangement of the shipper-lever. f

Figure l represents a front elevation of my improved loom ;I

Figure 2, a transverse sectional elevation, taken on the linexx otg. 1; i

Figure 3, a plan view; i 'i f :Figure 4, a section on the `liiieg/ .Figure5, an end View; and

, Figure 6 anv elevation of `the fixed pulley of the i crank-shaft. v Similaiiletters of reference'-indicatc kcorresponding parts.-` y L C represents agearwheel `on the yarn-beam B2, whiclris operated by a worm-wheel, 02, on a shaft, C, lying ti'aiisverselyof the frame, andslightly inclined y of iig. 3';

from a 4right angle with the yarirbeam,theinclination being such that the bearing-face of the worin is nearly i mitteilt strains ofthe yarn thereon, due to the striking f ot' the reed in beating 111),; is greatly obviated, and

whereby the necessity for a Vfriction-strapon the "worm-shaft C is removed. y, i

This shaft C:l carries a ratchet-wheel, 0*, capable of sliding to `andifro. on it, and feathered to it, so as to `turn the said shaft. i 1 i i j y A crotched sliding bar, CP, engages this wheel,'so as to control its position.

A cord, C, connects the said slide-l ar with thel weighted end of ailever, 0*,passng over a guide-pull ley, GT.

i ll i l The Schedule referred to in these I ierters Patent and making part of the same` The long arm of this lever supports a presser, C, constantly borne against the yarn-beam Vby, the weighted end ofthe said lever.

As the roll'of yarn on tlie`yarn-beam becomes smaller, the presser allows the heavy end of the lever to go down, by which the Wheel C is drawn toward the worm Czby the cord GG.

This ratchet-wheelis operated by a lever-pawl, 0',

vibrating on an axis, C, to which axis, arms C12 and G1 are connected.

The arm Ol2 plays between the stud CI4 and the'V sword-arm D of the lay, and prevents the pawl-arm from rising too high or falling too low, The other arm, O1?, is provided with a branch, C, against which the sword-arm D strikes, when moving back, forcing the pawl-arni down upon the ratchet-wheel, turning it,4

and thereby the yarn-beam, for letting oi the yarn. The other part of the arm C bends forward toward tlie'front of the lay, and is acted upon by a lever, d, pivoted at (Il, and rising up behind the reed-beam, d2, which is arranged to rest in a rebate in the rear-ot' the lathe, and held in the said rebate by springs da, rising up ii-om near-the bottom ofthe sword-arms, so as to yield when beating up, according to the resistance encountered by the reed.

This yielding ofthe reed throws the lowerend of the lever :Z forward against the 'end of the arm C, thereby pressing it back, and raising thepawl-arm.

This paavl-arm will therefore be iaised higher or lower, according to the resistance encountered by the reed, and the-movement of the yarn-beamwill be varicdaccordingly. Hence the warp will belet ofi' faster or slower as thewet't is woven in,vand if. the weft varies in size, or it' it breaks, and is not fed in at all, no"

thin places will b e made in the cloth, as is the case when the letting ofi" continues, irrespective of the con-v ditionot the weft. l

As the wheel C4 is moved from the asis of the pawlarm, as the warp-roll becomes smaller, it receives a greater movement by tlic'pawl-arm C1, the movement of which increases as the .distance from its axis increases.

When one warp-beam has been exhausted and a new. one is put in, the ratchet-wheel O* is shoved back on the shaft, land the the yarn-beam.v

When iiner yarn is used for the weft, and the warp is consequently worked up slower, the cord C will be lengthened, and the lratchet-wheel moved nearer toward the axis of the pawl-arm at the commencement; and when theweft is coarser, and the warp worked up faster, the said wheel willibe adjusted relatively to the said pawl in the other direction.

It' the lever Gfibediivoted centrally between the connection of the cord and the presser, the variation i presser-arm -Ciadjusted against the centre of thespace it will fill when full.

in the motion imparted to the ratchet-wheel and that of the yarn-beam will be in exact proportion, and the tension will thereby be always the same.

In order to further economize space in front of the loom, I arrange the auxiliary roll B1, resting on the beam B, in slotted bearings Bi", inclining backward to The cloth is wound on to the roll, which risesin the slotted bearings as the` roll increases. The saidroll B is turned by lthe frietional contact of beam B, which is covered by sand-paper, or otherwise coated with any substance which, acting lupon the cloth, will have suf- -ticient friction to turn it.

This beam B gears with a ratchct-wheel, B4, worked by a pawl, B5, plvot'ed at B, and provided with a pendent arm, B7, a horizontal arm, B", and a weight, B9.

The pawl Br is retracted by the striking of the' sword-arm, or a pin or projection, B", thereon, against the pendent arm` BT, which throws up the weight at the same time. This weight, acting on the ratchetwheel, and through the gearing with the beam B, im pels'the latter to turn the auxiliary roll B1, but the tubular extensions of the said collars, and by boltsD2, l

passing through curved slots ini the cams, into the sides ot' the said collars. This arrangement admits of adjusting the cams both along the shaft and around the same.

D represents projecting arms of rock-shafts D, at each end of theioom, working on the 'cams D, and provided with friction-rollers.

These rock-shafts have arms D?, to the picker-staves D.

The latter are connected, by links D, to their xed supports DU, at the bottom of the frame, and at about the centre, lengthwise, they are jointed to pendent arms D, having rocker-ends D, and suspended from the under side ofthe beam of the lay by springs D, in such a manner lthat; the force of the springs is brought into action to arrest the movement of nthe picker-staves when moving either' way.

The raising of the arms D* by the cams moves the picker-staves in therdirection to throw the shuttle. The opl'iositemovementrof these arms, to retract the staves, is eti'ected by the weight of the said arms and long friction-rollers, which sets the picker-staves in position to receive the shuttle, and yield against the springs Dwith such ease that the slaekest and vsoftest weftfc'an be used without waste.

`This arrangement of the picker-stavcs serves also to impart a horizontal orparallel motion to the pickel'.

The treadle-cams are formed on the lower shaft of the loom, so that the operatin'g-faces begin at the axis of the shaft, as shown at E, which has the distance of the said working-faces from the centre, and thereby the movement of the levers.

These cams have the. advantage of greater safety to the operator, as being less liable to catch the hands 1), connected, by rods between them and the treadles, and in which grooves the treadles work, being guarded by the periphery of the cylinder, which has a tendency to throw `off anyf hooks, and may by them be adjusted to any required degree of tension.

These rods have the effect to carry the harness forward slightly with the warp, when the downward movement ot the harness is made, whereby the wear on the warp is considerably lessened.

The connection of thccrank-shaft with the lathe is inade by short rods or links 1-I, pivoted to rigid projectious H', and but slightly longer than the cranks, and the projections H are so arranged that the pivotjoints of the links H therewith work on acirele, which, struck from the axis of the sword-arms, would pass through the axis ofthe crank-shaft. VThis arrangement has the effect to cause a dwell ofthe lathe in the rearmost'position during nearly the tiine of onethird of a revolution of the crank-shaft, at which time the shuttle is thrown with less power, and more accurately than can be done whenthe lathe is in motion.

As a greater protection for the operator against the danger of injury by the hand getting caught bythe cranks and connecting-links, I have substituted circular disks for the ordinary cranks, having only narrow spaces between them for the links, and so operating as to have a tendency to throw ott' anything coming into Contact with the peripheries of the said disks.

The belt-shipping lever I is made of one rod of metal, bent into the required form, and extending down from the e-nd of the breast-beam to nea-r the bottom of the frame, thence along under the drivingpulley7 and up at the rear thereof, at I, wherev it is suitably crotehed to act on both edges of the belt.

part thereof, to throw it out when disengaged from the catch.

The harness-suspending yoke L is bent forward, as shown at M, to suspend the harness further forward, to permit the operator to reach in" from the end of the loom more easily for uniting broken threads.

The disks of the yarn-beam -are made adjustable along the same, so that the space between themcan be widened or narrowed, as required. For weaving goods of various width, I have weighted the drivingpulley, and arranged the same relatively to the cranks and link-connections with the lathe, to prevent the stopping of the same on the centres, ,whereby I can take hold vof the lathe and move it forward or backward, so that I can place the harness in the required position to mend the warp-threads, without the necessity of going to the pulley or gear to turn them by hand.4

Having thus described my invention,

YVhat I claim as new, and desire'to secure by Let ters Patent, is-

1. The combination of sliding bar C5, cord C6,

the yarn-beam, all being arranged as described, for the purpose of automatically sliding the ratchetwheel C. l

2. The worm G2, wheel C4, and pawl C1", in combination witha, branched lever, the stud 14, arm D, level' 1I,l and spring d, all arranged as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The arrangement of the sliding ratchet-wheel C-i, haft C3, and vibrating pawl G, substantially as speci- 4. The combination of cams D, arms D4, rock-shafts D5, arms D6, and rods DT, with the arms D, rocken Ends D, and springs D, as and for the purpose speci-v 5.l The shipper-lever I, constructed from a single rod, bent as described, and arranged with the spring K, as specified. Y

p LYMAN STONE. Witnesses:

J. PARKER-SNOW, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

A coiled spring, K, is woundaround the horizontal weighted lever C, having presser C thereon, with,

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