US974166A

US974166A - Apparatus for producing motive power.

Info

Publication number: US974166A
Application number: US58710096A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hudson Maxim
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1896-04-11
Filing date: 1896-04-11
Publication date: 1910-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 1927-11-01

Description

11. MAXIM.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER.

APPLIOATIOK FILED APB.11, 1896.

Pat nted N011. 1, 1910.

. Inven'to');

WM. M

-may be utilized to PATENT orif ce. 7 l

mmson maxim, or new roux, my;

arranarus FOR rnonucme irorrvn rowan.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, HUnsoN MAXIM, a citizen of the United States of America, and residing in the city, county, and State of New York, h-ave'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ap aratusfor Producing Motive Power, of w ich the following is a specification.

he presentinvention relates to a novel apparatus for producing motive power and to a motor for utilizin such power although not necessarily limite thereto.

The invention more particularly relates to ap aratusfor burnin a fuel under pressure ro ucts of combustion as.

an utilizing .the a motivefluld to rive the-motor 'or engine.

These improvements, briefly stated, con

sist in injecting atmospheric air with the vapor of a fuel, burning the same under pressure, cooling the gaseous roducts of combustion and then utilizin t e more or less cooled products as a motive fluid. The heat of the gaseous products 0f combustion v generate steam which may be then used to inject the air together and in addition serve to lower the temperature of the combustion.

The im rovements further consist in util-. -1z1ng the eat of combustion or of the gase- -'ous products of combustion to evaporate a liquid fuel andto superheat the 'vapor thereof so that it'shall be so increased 1n volume V as to automatically feed or inject itself and air into the combustion chamber against-the pressure therein; the fuel and air being thus supplied to the combustion chamber under a greater pressure than that in the combustion chamber..

I The improvements furthermore consist in generating acet lene directly from the car-v d; in 'contro ling the formation of the acetylenethat it shall be formed only as fast and in such quantities as may be needed for immediate. use; and in utilizing the acetylene by-its combustion for preliminarily heatin the necessary parts of the apparatus an for starting the motor, so that if desired another form of fuel may besiiba so . consist inutilizing the charge of carbid and the water for forming acetylene when the I apparatus and motor are employed in a boat or vessel as a'ballast therefor.

The'improvements still furtherconsist in the various novel constructions, combinations of parts and details of construction all as hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In carrying out the invention, a water and a fuel supply is provided and contained by a suitable tank or tanks, the necessar pres- .sure'in which to cause the proper eed of the fuel and if necessary of thewater is had by utilizing the expansive force under ordinary atmospheric temperatures of some liquid or vapor preferably acetylene which may be also contained by a suitable tank or formed when and as desired. Instead of action of water. In addition to using the.

expansive force of the acetylene for exerting pressure on the fuel to cause its feed, the

I Specification of LettersI'atent- Patented Nov. 1, 1910. I Applicatlonfiled Apr-111.1, 1888. Serial 116.587300. I i

acetylene thus'formed or otherwise provided may be utilized for starting the ap aratus and preparin it to utilize another orm of fuel. Thus t e acetylene may be admitted with, a proper su ply of air into a combustion'chamber an there burned, the heatedJ8-5 products of. combustion passing thence through a tube or tubes arranged in awat'cr be finallyconvertedmore or less intosteam the supply of acetylene may be stopped and the other fuel be admitted to the combustion 'chamber, this fuel being fed under pressure 'th rough'a' tube or tubes in the water cham-. ber so'that' the fuel '-will become vaporized and superheated and thus sufliciently in, creased in volume that it will pass into the combustion chamber at apressure greater than that in said chamber, in which case the high pressure vapor may be util zed to inject the proper quantity of air with the "chamber and .thence onward for ,-use or allowed to waste. The water in the cham-y ber-is .thus raised in temperature and may 0' 9 fuel vapor into .thec'ombustion chamber to a support combustiontherein Theste'am gencratcd in the watel chamber b the heat of the combustion or of the pro ucts of combustion may also be used as ameans of inecting the fuel vapor or air into the comustion chamber against the pressure therein or for simply augmenting the gaseous Droducts formed therein and for lowering temperature of combustion. Water may be supplied to the water chamber against the pressure therein by the ex ansive force of acetylene or other vapor uid admitted to a water suppl tank or receiver; and this admission may be automatically controlled by the height of water in the water chamber. The productsof .combustion afterpassing through the tube' or tubes of the water chamber are conducted thence for use in a motor or engine preferably of the rotary type.

With this general understandlng of the improvements a detailed description of an apparatus adapted to carry them out will now be given, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the improved ap aratus, parts being broken away for lack 0 room and other parts closely assembled and shown in the same plane for the same reason. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the carbid and water cylinder and showing their connecting pipes.

Referring particularly to Fig. l, the apparatus consists of a fuel supply A, a combustion chamber B for the fuel, a water chamber or boiler C heated by the products of combustion and a motor D to which said products are conducted to act as a motive fluid. The oil for the fuel is contained by a cylinder or tank a which by a pipe a leading from its bottom connects with a coil a arranged within the water space of the chamber C and thence by a ipe a to an injector B communicating with'the combustion chamber B. To provide and maintain sufiicient pressure in the oil tank a to cause inc while the pressure in the combustion chamber or*of the products of combustion supplied to the motor need not exceed, say

50 to 100 pounds to the square inch.

Assuming that the water in the chamber A C has been heated, the fuel passing through the coil a will first be evaporated and then as the coil nears the hottest part of the chamber immediately adjacent the combustion chamber will become highly heated or superheated so that the volume of fuel vvapor will be increased in which condition it enters the injector and by reason of its pressure and the force with which it passes into the combustion chamber may serve to draw in with it sufiicient atmospheric air as will support its combustion in said chamber. The injector B for this purpose is provided with one or more funnel, shaped nozzles b the outer portions of which communicate with air orifices b in the shell of the injector, so that many streams of air may be drawn in to mix with the fuel vapor on its way to combustion chamber.

The combustion chamber B with which the injector communicates is preferably ar- .may be led off by a pipe 0 to the injector B to serve as a means for injecting or to aid in injecting fuel and the necessary air, and further as a means of augmenting the products of combustion passing through the conduit B and as a means of lowering the temperature of the combustion in the chamber B; the supply of steam being regulated, if desired, by a needle valve 0. As the water evaporates and the steam'passes off from the boiler C, .a water feed is provided in the form of a water supply tank a having a pipe 0 leading to the top of the boiler C, the

discharge end of said pipe in the boiler being controlled by a valve e moved by a float e regulated by the height of the water in the boiler. To obtain this feed of the water from its tank to the boiler and against the pressure therein, the pressure of the acetylene from the tank I) may be utilized and for this purpose the pipe I) has abranch e leading to the top of the'water tank 6. The acetylene from the single tank thus serving to feed the fuel and the water.

In order to place the apparatus in the first instance in condition for working with the oil from the tank a the water in the boiler C should be first sufiiciently raised in temperature as that the liquid fuel may be vaporized before entering the injector or combustion chamber. This preliminary heating may conveniently be had by burning a proper quantity of acet lene in the combustion chamber B, and or this purpose the acetylene pipe b is provided with a connection 6 controlled by a valve communicating with the pipe a leadin to the injector B.

The heated products 0 the combustion of.

. ratus may employ acetylene as its combusti-' ble vapor in which case the oil tank a need 1 livering the acetylene with-air in l 'the combustion chamber B will be conducted of! by .the conduit B to passinto the; motor D preferably of the-rotary type. In the form shown the products pass to the valve chamber D past the drip B", through the "bearing E and pipe B, finally leaving the engine through the exhaust pipe D. Pipes f and f serve forconducting cooling fluid to andfrom the engine jacket. j designates a reversing lever, E a "driving shaft and E- abearing. As this engine formsno art-of the invention herein claimed, furt er description is deemed unnecessary. The water-in theboiler C will thus be raised to the desired temperature whereupon the supply of acetyleneto the injector will be cut off and the oil from the oil tank a allowedto pass through its heating coil a to vaporize and superheat it on its Way to the injector.

' It will be understood that all the various pipes referred to may have snitable'valve's and check valves to control or shut-off the ply of vapor, oil, steam and water to the charge of carbid, and with this tank employ a water tank 7' connected top and bottom by pipes f, f with the top and bottom of the carbid containing tank I). The water led to the tank I; will cause the generation of acetylene gas therein which may be allowed to pass to the tank f to equalize the pressure in both tanks and allow the water to'feed by gravity; the acet lene thus formed in the tank 6 beingcon uct.ed'ofi' for use as before described. I do not consider it essential that two separate tanks 6 and f need beused to form the acetylene, such tanks being simply illustrative of a mode of forming acetylenegas.-

Whendesired, it is-evident that the apps not/be used What is claimed is 1. The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of a water-tank communicating with the boiler, an oil tank communicating.

with the furnace and a gas generator tiefor the purpose set forth. 5 2. The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of an oil tank, an evaporating coil gas under pressure to both tanks,"

' havi within the boiler, and communicating with saidt'ank and with the furnace and a gas generator delivering under pressure to said tank, for the )urpose set'forth. I

- 3. The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of an oil tank, an evaporating coil, within theboiler and communicating with saidtank and with the furnace, a coil lead-' ing from the furnace through the boiler and onward, and a gas generator delivering gas under pressure to said tank, for the purpose'setforth.

4. The combination with a boilerand its furnace, of an oil tank, an evaporating'eoil within the boiler and communicating-with said tank and with the furnace, an'acetylenev pressure su ply leading to said tank and a connection naoe, as set forth.

5. The combination of a water boiler, a combustion chamber projectin within said boiler, an oil tank connected wit the combustion chamber,-and awater tank connected with the boiler, a source of gaseous fuel under pres-, sure and connections between the. source a of aseous fuel and the water tank, the oil tan: and the combustion chamber.

I 6. The combination of a boiler, a source of liquid fuel, a source of gaseous fuel under tween said supply-and the'furpressure, a combustion chamber, and connec- I tions between the source of gaseous fuel-and the combustion chamber, the liquid fuel and the combustion chamber, and between the sources of liquid and gaseous fuel.

7. The combination of a boiler, a motor, a combustion chamber, an im rforate conduit leading through the boi er from sa d chamber .to the motor, a source of liquid fuel,- anda conduit leading through said boiler, from the fuel source to the combustion chamber;

8. The combination of a boiler, a motor, a combustion chamber delivering products of combustion under ressure to said motor, a source of liquid through the boiler from the combustion through the boiler from the fuelsource to from the boiler to the combustion chamberf and fluid-pressure means inde ndent o steam-pressure for .forcing, said uel to said combustion chsmber. 5

liquid was.

"and connect each to the combustion chamber an' tothe other.

10.- The tion'of a boiler orli uid receptacle, e cojnibustion chamber (wit in said boiler, smoker, a conduit leading from.

the :combu'stiona'chamb'er to the motor, and.

its surface exposed-to the liquid in the boiler, a source-of fuelsuppl a conduit uel, connections [leading 110-" I chamber-to the motor, connections leading the combustion chamber, connections leading 9."A" eombustion chamber, a .source of l of gaseous fuelsilpp y, j

leading from the source of fuelffsupply to the combustion chamber and havin an extended surface exposed to the liqui 1n the boiler, and a conduit leading from the upper portion of the boiler through the liquid in the boiler and to the combustion chamber, whereby the products of combustion and steam from the boiler are united to form a motive fluid, and the fuel in passing from the source of fuel supply to the combustion chamber is subjected to the heating influence of the liquid in the boiler.

11. The combination of a boiler, a combustion chamber in said boiler provided with a tortuous conduit in heat interchanging relation with the water in said boiler supplying fluid pressure to a motor, a vapor burner delivering its products of combustion under super-atmospheric pressure to said chamber,

an oil supply tank delivering oil to said burner, and an acetylene gas generator delivelging acetylene under pressure tosaid oil tan V 12. In combination, a boiler, an injector burner, a water tank communicating with said boiler, an oil tank communicating with said burner, and an acetylene gas generator leading gas under pressure to each of said tanks and to said burner.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two witnesses. HUDSON MAXIM.

Witnesses GEO. H. GRAHAM, E. L. Tom).