US973782A

US973782A - Centrifugal force-pump.

Info

Publication number: US973782A
Application number: US46015708A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas Russell Hayton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1908-10-29
Filing date: 1908-10-29
Publication date: 1910-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 1927-10-25

Description

T. R. HAYTON.

CENTRIPUGAL FORGE `PUMP. APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 29, 190s.

Patented 0.111,25 1910.V

WITNESSES j 047; WW.

rnomas RUSSELL HAY'roN, or MOUNT vEnNoN, wAsnINGroN.

CENTRIFUGAL FORCE-PUMP.

f Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

Application led October 29, 1908. vSerial No. 460,157.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Bei known that I, THOMS R. I-IAYTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mount Vernon, inthe county of Skagit and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifu-r gal Force-Pumps, .of which the following is a specification:

his inventionrelates to the centrifugaltype of pum s; and its principal object is to improve t e construction and arrange.

ment of the-various operative arts thereof so as to render the same more e cient in the raising of water to a relatively high elevation.4 1

Another object is the attainment of steadiness in o eration with a delivery of water with sli t. variations as to uantity and rate ofl ow. -And a still furt er object is the provision of devices for equalizlng as much as possible the pressures nnparted to the impelling wheel so that the unbalanced and endwise pressure thereupon may bereduced to a minimum.

With these ends in view the invention consists in the novel adaptation and combination of parts, as will now be particularly described with reference tothe accompanying drawings, wherein- Fi re 1 is a transverse vertical section;

and 1g. 2 is a longitudinal section of a. pump constructed to embodyl the invention.

'I he reference numeral 5 designates the casmg having an inlet opening 6 at one end, which is eccentricwith respect to the casing i and whereat the suction pipe 7 is connected.

The delivery opening 8 of the casing is connected by a conduit 9 which is tangent to an annular passage 10 extending about the interior of .the casing and of gradually decreasing size circumferentially of the casing chamber, as shown in Fig. 1. The outer perifpheralfwall 11 Vof said passage is deslrably o a circular form in cross section and therefrom the walls 12 and 13 at the front and back, respectively, of the ,casing converge concentric of the axis of the casin opening 8. In proximity of the throat an between such converging 'walls is-a plurality of stationary vanes 15 occupying a zone, so to speak, whose outer and inner circumferences are concentric of the aforesaid axis: Each of these vanes are formed upon thelr inner faces with two concave portions 16 and 17 which respectively extend from a'.med1ally throat 14 which is` disposed cusp 18 to sharp terminal inner and outer edges 19 and 20. The outside face 21 of each vane is. desirably formed of a single arc. These vanes are symmetrically arranged such that lthe medial planes .projected through the acute angles forming .their inner and outer edges, 19 and 20, will be directed to be tangential, or nearly so, with relation to the circles in the circumferences of which these edges respectizely terminate. Furthermore, the successive vanes are spaced to have the edges 19 positioned to be in ,proximity to the cusps 18 of 4the adjacent vanes, thus affording a contracted -opening 22- between-the inner edge 19 of each vane and thevcusp 18 of the vane adjacent thereto, whence thereextendfconduit's 23 of enlarging dimensions ,due to the curvature of the opposing surfaces 17 and 19supplemented by the divergence ofthe casing. walls 12 and 13.

One of the vanes as 15', see Fig. 1, may advantageously'be ormed to be coextensive with the partition wall 24 of the casing by having its surfaces 16 and 21 merge with the opposite surfaces of vthe partition.

Extending through the head of the casing is a power driven shaft 25 with its axis arranged to be in alin'ement with that of the opening 6 aforesaid. Mounted for rotation with lthis shaftis a wheel provided with a rear web 26 and a front web 27, thelatter being centrally apertured, as at 28, to make communication between the space intermediate said webs and the casing opening 6. Thewheel webs 26 and 27 are curved and spaced apart so that the distance therebetween diminishes from the axis toward the periphery whereat the separation of the webs is somewhat less than the throat o ening 14 of the casing. There is likewise a orded between the webs of the wheels and the corresponding ends. of the casing spaces 25) and 29.

The wheelis provided between its webs with a plurality of concavo-convex blades 30 which extend from shar inner ends 31 in proximity of the axis to s arp outer edges 32 at the periphery off-the wheel and the various blades are symmetrically arranged and disposed so;v that their inner ends and the convex faces will be directed to correspond with the direction of their revolution, as indicated by the arrow X in Fig. 1, while the outer ends ofthe blades will be toward the rear.

l remote ends.

Extending from the annular passage 10, where the water pressure is the greatest, is a pipe 33 which enters an air chamber 34 having a valve 35 of the non-return type, where atmospheric air is admitted to be transmitted through the pipe 36 to the space 29 within the casing and at a short distance from the wheel shaft by the nozzle 33 extending'into the mouth of the other pipe 36. The energy required to effect the pumping. of the air into these air-packing paces, as they may be deemed, is supplied rom the ejectlon at a high momentum of the water through the pipes from the casing passage 10.

A by-pass pipe 37 is utilized to make communication between the spaces 29 and 29 within the casing chamber and from points adjacent to the center thereof.

The operation of the invention is'as follows: The wheel rotating at a relatively high velocity in the direction indicated by the arrow X in Fig. 1, revolves the blades 30 so that the advance inner edges of the same enter the supplied water with a scooplike eliect to cause the water to low into the channels between the blades and through which it is caused to flow by reason of the centrifugal force while being inuenced by the curvature of the blades to impel the water outwardly in a resultant tangential direction las it approaches the periphery of ,the wheel when the velocity of the water will nearly equal that of the wheel periphery. The water at such a velocity with 'a tendency to depart tangentially from its then circular course of travel impinges the vane surfaces 16 which subdivides the stream of water into a multiplicity of currents which escape at a high velocity through the orices between the cusps 18 and the adjacent points 19 of the respective vanes. These orifices are made relatively small and beyond such contracted exits the conduits 23 enlarge pro ressively to their Under such a provision, and as exemplified in a well established principle of hydromechanics (Bernoulles Theorem) it is evident that the pressurel derived in the discharge passage 10 will be increased proportionately to the lessening of its velocity and to an extent sufficient to balance a head due to a lift of a considerable height, and in fact, exceeding that attainable by any other pump with which I am` familiar, excepting, perhaps, in certain makes of the well known reciprocating force pumps.

The function derived from the constructing of the vanes with the cusp and two concaved surfaces and the arrangement of such vanes with respect to each other is to transform the centrifugal motion of the driven water to a tangential motion supplemental to the latter force derived through the rotation of the wheel, so that when the motion closely is thus transformed, the speed of the water is equal to that of the Wheel rim in passing through the restriction at the cusp. Beyond the cusp the area of the outlets increases 'for the purpose of retarding the flow to attain an increase in the pressure of the delivered water.

In operation, the pressure which obtains in the passage 10 affords energy 4to actuate the ejector pipes 33 and 36 to induce a flow of air into the casing chamber or space 29 accompanied by the impelling water, but through the differences in the specific weight of these iuids they are caused through centrifugal force generated by the rotary wheel to expel the water outwardly to escape through the contracted throat 14 where the pressure of water is so low as not to obstruct its delivery. The remaining air which is distributed by the pipe 37 to both sides of the wheel, offers little friction or viscous resistance to be overcome by the power which drives the ump.

Having escribed my invention, what I claim, is-

l. A centrifugal force pump comprising a rotary wheel provided throu hout` with closely arranged tangential y disposed curved blades having each face thereof upon a single arc throughout and extending from a point in proximity to the axis of the wheel to the periphery thereof, said blades so disposed with respect to each other that the space between each pair of blades will4 graduali decrease in width in a direction toward t e axis of the wheel, acasing inclos in'g said wheel and provided with an annular passage separated from the wheel by a contracte throat, and curved stationary vanes mounted in said throat and each having its inner fa`ce formed with two concaved portions each of equal len h whereby a cusp is provided medially o the inner face of each of said stationary vanes, each of said stationary vanes having its outer face formed upon a single arc, each of said vanes so disposed that the inner end thereof will be positioned inwardly of and in close proximlty to the cusp of one.vane and its outer end rojecting away from the outer face of anotllier vane whereby the passage formed between two adjacent vanes will gradually decrease in width from its outer toward its inner end, said casingf ovided with an inlet and an outlet, sai inlet opening into said wheel.

2. A centrifugal force pump comprising a rotary wheel provided throughout with arranged tangentially disposed curved blades having each face thereof upon a single arc throughout and extending from' a point in proximlty to the axis of the wheel to the periphery thereof, said blades so disposed withV lrespect to each other that the space between each pair of blades will 4 gradually decrease in width in a direction toward the axis of the wheel, a casing inclosing said wheel and provided with an annular passage separatedfrom the wheel by a contracted throat, and curved. stationary vanes mounted in said throat and each having its inner face formed with two concaved `portions each of equal length whereby a' cusp is provided medially of the inner face of each of said stationary vanes, each of said stationary vanes having` its outer face formed upon a single arc, each of said vanes so disposed that the inner end thereof will be positioned inwardly of and in close proximity to the cusp of one vane and its outer end projecting away from the outer face of another vane whereby the passage formed between two adjacent vanes will gradually decrease in width from its outer toward its inner end, said casing provided with an inlet and an outlet, said inlet opening into said wheel, an yair chamber exteriorly of said casing, a pipe extending in said chamber and communicating with said passage, and a pipe opening into said casing at a point inwardly of said throat and at the rear of the wheel and further extending in said chamber and overlapping said first mentioned pipe.

Witnesses:

FLOYD M. PECK, JAMES KEAN. y