US97087A - Improved composition-fuel - Google Patents
Improved composition-fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US97087A US97087A US97087DA US97087A US 97087 A US97087 A US 97087A US 97087D A US97087D A US 97087DA US 97087 A US97087 A US 97087A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- ritchie
- mineral
- albertite
- improved composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
Definitions
- Ritchie mineral carbon, 78.22; hydrogen, 8.01; oxygen, i3 77.
- J lbertite carbon, 86.12; hydrogen, 9.87; oxygen, 4.91.
- the coal may be cracked, broken, or pulverized by any suitable mechanical means, about as fine as coarse sand. In practice, however, it would be preferable, on the score of economy, to use the dust refuse of coal,-
- the amount of Ritchie mineral and Albertite would be small, from two to four per cent., but for smeltingfurnaces, and in those cases where a long flame surface is required, aml a high degree of beat well distributed in long circuitous lines, the proportion of Ritchie mineral and Albertite would vary from ten to twenty per cent. The greater the percentage of the latter-tanned substances jhe greater the combustibility of the fuel, and, consequently, the more intense the heat.
- composition of matter formed by combining Ritchie mineral and Alb'ertite, or either, or their chemical equivalents, with anthracite or bitmuinous coal,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
new: game pa e Qtflyiine.
Letters Patent No. 97,087, dated November 23, 1869.
IMPROVED COMPOSITION-FUEL.
The Schedule referred to in the" Letter! Patentand making part of the same To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK N. HoPKnvs, of Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore, and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Composition of tlu'acite or bituminous coal, the material known as Ritchie mineral, also termed crystallized petroleum, and sometimes Grahamite, and also combining with the coal, either with or without the Ritchie mineral, the material termed Albertite.
To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand aml manufacture my improved fuel, I will proceed to describe the process of man ufacture, and nature of the ingredients used in its preparation.
Goal, both anthracite and bituminous, is too well known to require special description.- Ritchie mineral, crystallized petroleum, or Grahamite is found in Ritchie count-y, Vest Virginia. It may be found in other places, but the above-named locality is, I believe, the only place where it is now obtained, at least in any appreciable quantity. Albertite is obtained in the Province of New Brunswick. Both the Ritchie mineral and Albertite are asphalts or bitumens, and are composed principally of asphaltene and bitumen, according to Raignanlt, a French chemist.
, The following formula will technically express their nature.
Ritchie mineral: carbon, 78.22; hydrogen, 8.01; oxygen, i3 77.
J lbertite: carbon, 86.12; hydrogen, 9.87; oxygen, 4.91.
M y process of manufacture .is as follows:
The coal may be cracked, broken, or pulverized by any suitable mechanical means, about as fine as coarse sand. In practice, however, it would be preferable, on the score of economy, to use the dust refuse of coal,-
which maybe obtained in unlimited quantity in the.
vicinity of the mines, and also from the yards of dealers throughout the country at an inappreciable cost. 'lhis dust or refuse should be screened, and the coarse portions sold, or reground to the desired degree offincnessr The Ritchie mineral, and also the Albertite, vare reduced to a fine powder, by any suitable mechanical means, and then mixed with the pulverized coal in the following proportions:
From one to twenty-five per cent. of the combined Ritchie mineral and Albertite, the remainder coal-dust.
The same percentage of each of the above-named substances when used separately.
In preparing a fuel for ordinary same-purposes, the amount of Ritchie mineral and Albertite would be small, from two to four per cent., but for smeltingfurnaces, and in those cases where a long flame surface is required, aml a high degree of beat well distributed in long circuitous lines, the proportion of Ritchie mineral and Albertite would vary from ten to twenty per cent. The greater the percentage of the latter-tanned substances jhe greater the combustibility of the fuel, and, consequently, the more intense the heat.
The materials above named, which compose the fuel, after being well mixed or incorporated with each other, areheated by an ordinary furnace, and well stirred while being heated. They are brought to a degree of heat sufficient to cause the particles to adhere together, and form a conglomerate mass capable of being moulded and compressed into compact masses through the medium of any suitable apparatus.
Experience has shown that the materials here mentioned must be subjected to a temperature of about 400 Fahrenheit before they become sufficiently adhesive to allow them to be pressed into a solid mass, hardening when cooled. This difliculty can be obviated, however, by using a flux of resin, pine, or coaltar, petroleum, :esiduum, or other substances chemically equivalent thereto, the proportion of the flux depending upon its becoming adhesive at a low temperatnre When rosin is used, twenty-five per cent. of rosin, as compared with the quantity of Ritchie mineral or Albertite used, will reduce the temperature required,
to insure the proper degree of adbesiveuess, from 400 to 200 Fahrenheit. \Vhen the other fluxes mentioned are used, their proper proportions will be regulated by their faculty of producing adhesiveness as compared with rosin.
Having thus described my invention,
What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
The composition of matter formed by combining Ritchie mineral and Alb'ertite, or either, or their chemical equivalents, with anthracite or bitmuinous coal,
either with or without using'the flux aforesaid, iu the i manner substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
Witnesses: FRANK N. HOPKINS.
Gno. A. HEMMEOK, Jno. Sr. 13. Lsruonn.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US97087A true US97087A (en) | 1869-11-23 |
Family
ID=2166550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US97087D Expired - Lifetime US97087A (en) | Improved composition-fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US97087A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110147398A1 (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-06-23 | Clamcase, Llc | Electronic device case and method of use |
-
0
- US US97087D patent/US97087A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110147398A1 (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-06-23 | Clamcase, Llc | Electronic device case and method of use |
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