US961961A - Calculating-machine. - Google Patents

Description

A. HOGH. CALCULATING MAGHINE. APPLIOAIION FILED F3123, 1909. 961,961 Patented June 21,1910.

4 SHEBTSSHBET 2,

ATTORNEY.

A. HOGH.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mums, 1909.

Patented June 21, 1910.

4 4SHBETB-SHEBT 3.

WITNESESE.

Wfi

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

i ADAM HOCH, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ADDING AND SUBTRACT- ING MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Application filed February 23, 1909. Serial No. 479,382.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADAM Ho'on, a citizen of the United States, residing at Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating- Machines, of which the following is a specl- I means for performing the operationsof both addition and subtraction; to render it possible to connect and operate a plurality of rings contemporaneously or successively and with a single lever; to enable accumulation in two directions either for addition or for subtraction; and to render it unnecessary to return the lever to original position until the collection of all the digits of the number to be added or subtracted has been collected.

Further objects are simplicity in construction and operation, and accuracy of results. \Vith the above objects in view and others,

as will appear as the description proceeds,

the invention comprises the various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts and combination of parts hereinafter described, and set forth in the appended claims.

It will be understood that various changes in form, proportions, size, and minor details of structure may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention;

In the accompanying drawings, which constitute a partof this specification, and in which like reference numerals indicate like parts throughout the views, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a machine embodying my invention showing parts of. the housing plate and rings broken away, Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same, Fig. 3, a bottom plan View of the machine, Fig. 4, a diametrical section of the same, Fig. 5, a partial diametrical section of the same enlarged and showing one of the plungers dropped, Fig. 6, a similar section of the same showing all the plungers elevated, Fig. 7 a perspective view of a plungery-and Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11, sections Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 21, 1910.

on lines a '0, w w, m :22, and y g respectively of Fig. 3.

In its present embodiment, my machine comprises a circular base or frame, 1, provided with a flat marginal rim, 2, and having a plurality of rubber feet, studs, or other supporting means, 3, upon its bottom surface. The face of the rim is graduated throughout half its length to form a semicircular index, 4, comprising upon its inner margin a series of lines, 5, numbered consecutively from 1 to 99 from right to left, and upon its outer margin a second series of lines, 6, alternating with the first series of lines, and numbered successivel from left to right up to 99. The lines 0 series 6 as will be later described, are employed in subtraction, and the series 5 in addition calculations. The rim, 2, and the adjacent portion of the frame are provided with transverse slots, 7 and 8, located diametrically opposite each other at the ends of the index scale, 4. The upper face of the frame is provided adjacent the rim with a broad annular channel, 9, and with three inner concentric annular seats, 1O, 11 and 12, provided respectively in their bottom portions with grooves, 13, 14 and 15, and separated respectively from the channel, 9, and from each other by the shoulders, 16, 17 and 18. Adjacent the shoulders, the seats are respectively provided with depressions, 20, 21 and 22. Upon the shoulder, 16, is fixed by screws, 24, or otherwise, a semi-circular index 'plate, 25, provided with 100 radially disposed pointed teeth, 26, forming intermediate indentations upon its periphery, and extending the length of the scale, 4. The indentations are in radial alinement with the index lines, 4 and 5. Rotatably mounted in the seats, 10, 11, and 12, respectively, are the numeral or dial rings, 28, 29, and 30, each rovided with 200 peripheral teeth and in entations, 31,,

its upper face with a series 0 numerals, 37

38 and 39. These numerals in each case run from 00 to 99 upon one-half of the ring, and are'repeated upon the other half of the ring. Each numeral correspondsto one of the 200 indentations. The denominations on ring is and tens on ring 219, hundreds and 76. Piroted upon pin, 95, in the outer v oards', on ring 20, ten thousands end of the arm, 52, is a vertical operating thousand? The carrying pins lev 1, 96, provided upon its upper end with are located immet iately below a handle, 97. Pivoted to a stud, 98, in the the in i6): numerals, O and 99, lever is a pawl, 100, adapted to engage the are ouroosed to the arrying n'ieelr teeth, 73,01 the plate, 68. The pawl is pro- 7 dried with :1 lug or finger, 101, adapted to ed oy screws, all, or otherwise to the rest against the front ot a pin, 102, fixed in :taee of the fr \e is a housing plate, the lever arm, 52. This lever pawl is upth the top of rim, 2, and out. "Wardly pressed. into engagement: with the 7 zmor a nortion of its margin at i3, tee h, 73, by a Wire s, )ring, 104, one of whose I l \J 1 v I to expose the teeth, 25, oi: the index plate, ends extends beneath the pawl arm, and.

2S, and has semi-circularslots, 5 and 46, whose other end is timed to a pin, 106, upon above the ring teeth, 31, and Bo lespeothe lever, 36. Pivoted. upon a pin, 107, in further Provided with POW the arm, 52, abovethe plate, 68, is a detent, SQ

oienings, 49,50 and the last L03, normally engaging the teeth, '72, and g located Over l'in jS 8, 11ml providet t with. an upturned finger, 10%), rest-- r i g; mm is 13" Yflfl'lllli'ed innagainst a, pin, lit), in the lever, 96, and to, E12, upon the upper Gnu O' id hr 2: spring, lit, upon the arm. A, tad, 53, which pas -es tirouszli e outward n'iovemeiui oi the handle, 97', and 55', in the cents i rough the pawl, 100, advances the plunger and, fi l, res ieet-ively, and 1am plate, 68, the distanee of a tooth, 73, 351 p its pp mm with a 591%? against the presser of spring, 70, at; whieh 55, and at, lower portion, with point the tTlQt'Qilt', 108, engages its next tooth,

reads, 56, to re eive milled retain- 72, and prevents the return of the plaie, 68.

The operating arm longitu- This described adranee of the latter plate n1 pt'riv virtue of the inelinea'l portion of the cam ossed 59 and (it), a Jo. l'ni'eo vertical openings, 61, (32, slot, 76, depresses the plunger, 88, throwing tain operating ineeht 10 point of the latter into engagement: with accommodate eer now to be described, One side or. the the arm is cut away to receive side pl't 64,, iiXQd by screws, r rm, with neh, for the purposes utther tleseuption, it will he treated as 'i p, Slidably mounted in the nuent results in engaging the plunger, 86,

". 55), in the arm is a plun 'er cam with the teeth oi outer ring, 28. The three I *3 end of ole A w u I a hose inner end 1s eont iring 70, three independent movements the handle reed with pl ingers are thus successively depressed by n, 39, pressed, by s1 1 recess. 60. The outwa dinovein an outvmrd direction. All the plungers the screws, '65, 2 met which its outer end movement of the lever handle invardly Tilt) ipper and lower end margins which disengages the pawl and detent' from v ly with their respective teeth and permits the plate,

a row of three cam lots, 74, of its spring. The lateral swing of the han- 1L0 s inelined intermediate port'oi arm, 52, which, when connected to any nu- L l i moral ring, rotates the mine a eorresptmdin tent tar; plate, 68, is limited by one of are sinnil'taneously elevated by a single :05

- are Wider, respeeti or no '43; and its l) t'ty por- ($9, to shoot outwardly under the pressure s Tithe outer slot, I i, ha a down (lle, 97. imparts: a circular movement to the i wpe and lower ttirazalu'o.

oe mediate slot ""fitliii fi por l To index the movement of: the arm, 52, U5 an .1: a I, there is in its end above the gradimtions of r ran portion to, tire the scale, 4, an index pin, L12. lnfront; oi"

,iwardly int-lined this pin, upon the arm, a l up, 113. extend- 83, and an extend cl horizontal inn; downwardly into the channel, 9, which id portion, El i. The latter longer serves as a bearing; for the free end of the 120 the portion arm.

. call slitlalile the opening: oil 62 iin'ation of the lever, 96, operates other eehanisln. The bottom of the frame has a olungers, 86, 8 and Du se nun ers, which 1113i rim or boss, out. awav at o m it) L,

I r v. on,

, are each )roi i 1 points. 116 and 'iiz'mrhieti are ln'idLed U5 09, in K, v ,i I tes, 11S and lit). zrllflllZOiiiztlSlklilllle rte, ithis provided with an oblong horizon-- and an oblong vertical opening, 121, and M, and Wit flat int ral lateral arms, 12

- in alinement with each other, passing HO :xsely in the p ate, 120, is pivoted intermediate its ends and provided in its opposite end with three provided upon their respective ends with re- ,ment of the levers, 129 and 130. The end of )1 hub or projection, 135, upon the frame surprojections or bosse's, 158 and 159, in which over the retaining plates, 118 and 119, and having upon the1r respective ends vertical lugs, 125 and 126, which correspond in shape with the sectional contour of the rim, 2. The plate, 120, has also upon its lower portion i inwardly directed lateral lugs, 127 and 128, l contacting with the inner edges of two levers, 129 and 130, pifvobed'at their upper ends to the base by screws, 131 and 132, and connected at their lower ends by a spiral spring, 133. Projections, 134, upon. the frame, serveas stops for the inward moverounding the pin, 53, extends through the o ening, 121. Upon this hub above the a flat oblong oscillating or vibrating cam plate, 137, disposed at right angles to the slide plate, 120, and provided near its lower end with a pin, 138, registering in slot, 122,

transversely disposed cam slots, 139, 140, 141, substantially parallel with each other, and each downwardly inclined toward both ends. The described mechanism, actuated by lever, 96, drives 01' operates the accumulating mechanism.

' Fixed to the plate, 137, by screws, 143 and 144, or otherwise are two oppositely disposed lateral arms or levers, 145 and 146,

ceding cam plates, 147 and 148, which, together with the arms, serve as cam levers. he operative portions of the cam plate, 147, comprise inwardly directed fingers, 149, provided with interspaced beveled ends, 150, forming a. segmental slot, 152. The plate, 148, has similar fingers, 153, with beveled interspaced ends, 154, and forming a segmental slot, 155. Fixed to the bottom of plates 147 and 148, are bearing or lifter plates .156 and 157, respectively projecting across" the slots.

Adjacent the plates, 147 and 148, the bot-- tom of, the base is provided with integral are openings, 160 and-161, respectively extending through the base, which receive as a sliding fit the stems or rods, 162 and 163 of circular receding cams, 164 and 165, each provided with inclined or conical upper and 1 lower faces, 1.66, 167 and 168, 169 These cams, which are upon the lower ends of the stems, are normally supported by the bearing or lifter plates, 156 and 157. Fixed to the upper end of rod, 162, is a star segment or disk, 171, provided with a tooth, 17 2 and a marginal cavity, 173. A similar segment, 174, is fixed to the end of rod, 103, and has a similar tooth, 175, and cavity, 176. Loose upon the rods, 162 and 16B, respectively, and resting upon the upper face of the frame, are segment gears, 178 and 179, each provided with a fixed vertical pin, 180, l

181, adapted to pass loosely through the cavity, 173 and 176. The portions of the upperface of the frame beneath and adjacent the segmental gears are recessed as at 183 and 184, to form flat bearingsurfaces below the plane of the numeral rings for the accumulating mechanism. \Vhen'the rods, 162 and 163, are in normal elevated position, the star segment teeth, 172 and 175, are respectively in the path of the pins, 35, of the ring, 29, and of the pins, 36, on the ring, 30. The vibrations of cam plates 147 and 148, reciprocate the star segments, 171 and 174, into and below the path of pins, 35 and 36. The circular movement of the numeral rings, 29 and 30, in either'direction, when their pins engage the cam segments, imparts movement to the segment gears, 178 and 179, in a corresponding direction.

Reference will now be made to the accunnilating mechanism. Pivotally mounted upon pins, 186 and 187, and resting upon the recessed upper face of the frame at 183 and 184. are segmental accumulation plates or disks, 188 and 189, respectively, provided upon a portion of their margins with gear teeth, 190 and 191, meshing with segment gears, 178 and 179. The plates are also respectively provided with V-shaped marginal recesses, 192 and 193, adapted to receive the Vshaped ends of plungers, 195 and 196, slidably mounted in tubes, 197 and198, sol dered, threaded, or otherwise fixed in the base, and pressed into the recesses by springs, 199 and 200 in the. tubes. The springs are held in position by screws or plugs, 201 and 202, in the ends of the tubes. The plungers and springs maybe mounted in recesses in the frame itself, if preferred. Pivot'ed at one end by a pin, 204, to the face of the segment, 188, and 189, respectively.

provided upon a portion of their margins with gear teeth, 190 and 191, meshing with segment gears, 178 and 179. The plates are also respectively provided with V-shaped marginal recesses, 192 and 193, adapted to receive the V-shaped ends of plungers, 195

and 196, slidably mounted in tubes, 197 and 198, soldered, threaded, orotherwise fixed in the base, and pressed into the recesss by springs, 199 and- 200 in the tubes. springs are held in position by screws or plugs, 201 and 202, in the ends of the tubes. The plungers and springs may be mounted in recesses in the frame itself if preferred. Iivoted at one end by a pin, 204, to the face of the segment, 188, at a point opposite the teeth, 190, and near the recess, 192, is an accumulating lever, 205, provided upon the upper face of its free end with a tooth, 206,

and, at a corresponding point upon its lower face, with a pin or projection,,207, passing loosely through an oblong opening, 208, in the frame and through the'ca m slot, 140. A second accumulating lever, 210, is pivoted (main s of 3 Shawn 95 59.. 1s m t the Q 7 with 1h; side msi if 1 121. hon mused th 11s 3 svgnwnt gears,

an t

193'. O in he 60 dame rim be as (h:

from the'rin s as described. This inward vibration of t e handle forces the lower end of the lever, 96, outwardly against the lug, 125, thus sliding the plate, 120 laterally to complete the carryin operations.

In the process 0 subtraction the same movements are performed by the handle, 97,

- of addition, but in an opposite direction, and

the use of complementary numbers in subtraction calculations is eliminated.

Obviously the greater or less number of numeral rings and their corresponding accumulation members may be embodied in my machine, and the indicator be omitted, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown andidescribed, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

What I claim is,

1. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a numeral ring slidably mounted upon the frame, an operating arm pivotally mounted in the frame concentric with the ring, a plunger slidably mounted in the arm adapted to engage the ring, and means in the arm adapted to actuate' the plunger.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a numeral ring upon the frame, an arm pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the ring, a plunger slidably mounted in the arm and adapted to engage the ring, and shdable means in the arm for actuating the plunger.

3. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a numeral ring upon the frame, an armpivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the ring, a reciprocating plunger in the arm adapted to engage the ring, and means in the arm for reciprocating the plunger.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a numeral ring upon the frame, an arm pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the. ring, a reeipro eating plunger in the arm adapted to engage the ring, and slidahlem'eans in the arm for reciprocating the plunger.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination withthe frame,,of a plurality of numeral rings slidably mounted in the frame, an o crating arm pivotallymounted upon the rame, a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm above the rings and adapted to engage the same, and means in the arm for selectively operating the plungers.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination with theframe, of a ,plurality of numeral rings mounted in the frame, an operating arm upon the frame, a plurality of plungers in the arm above the several rings and adapted to engage the same, and means in thearm for operating the plungers in succession.

7. In a calculating machine, the combina tion with the frame, of a plurality of numeral rings upon the frame, an operating arm upon the frame, a plurality of plungers in the arm above the several rings and adapted to engage the same, and means in the arm for operating the plungers in'dependently of each other.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a stationary index upon the frame provided with two concentric reversely arranged series of graduations alternating with each other, independent numeral rings rotatably mounted upon the frame concentric with the index and movable in opposite directi0ns.end-provided with graduations, and means upon the frame for simultaneously rotating the rings.

9. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of an index upon the frame provided with reversely arranged series of graduations, independent numeral rings rotatably mounted upon the frame concentric with the index and rotatable in opposite directions each ring being provi ed with a single continuous series of graduations, and means upon the frame for rotating the rings. I ,10. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a stationary curved indexupon the frame and provided with two concentric series of graduations reversely arranged as to 'denominative values, a plurality of numeral wheels r0- tatably mounted upon the frame concentric with the index and each provided with a single series of graduations arranged in a cir le.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame and nunicrahrin s upon the frame, of an operating arm pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the rings, a longitudimilly disposed cam plate slidably mounted in the arm, a

.plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm and engaging the cam plate, spring means in the arm for sliding the plate in one direction, and an operatlng lever plvotally mounted in the arm for moving the plate in the opposite direction.

12. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame and numeral rings upon the frame, of an operating arm piv- 'otallv mounted upon the frame concentric with the rings, a cam plate provided with a plurality of downwardly inclined cam slots,

a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm, supporting pins in the plungers registering in the cam slots, spring means in the arm for moving the plate in one direction, and pivotal means in the arm for moving the plate in the opposite direction.

13. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame and numeral rings, of an operating arm pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the rings, a cam plate slidably mounted in the arm and provided with inclined teeth upon its upper and lower margins, a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm and engaging the cam plate, a spring in the arm pressing against one end of the cam plate, an operating lever pivotally mounted in the II121T1S upon the lever for engaging the teeth upon the lower margin of the plate, and

means upon the lever for engaging the teeth upon the upper margin of the plate.

14. In a calculating machine,--the com bination with the frame, of a plurality of numeral rings upon the frame, an operating arm pivotally mounted upon the frame coucentric with the rings, a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the frame adapted to engage the rings, means in the arms for successively depressing the plungers into engagement with the rings, and means in the arm cooperating with the depressing means for simultaneously elevating the plungers out of engagement with the rings.

15. In a calculating machine, the com hination with the frame and numeral rings, of an operating arm mounted upon the frame concentric with the rings, a longitu- .dinally slidabl cam plate mounted in the arm provided with two sets of teeth, a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm and operatively connected with the cam plate, a spring in the arm for outwardly pressing the cam plate, an operating lever in the arm adjacent the cam plate, a pawl upon the lever adapted to engage one set of teeth, and a detent upon the lever adapted to engage the other set of teeth.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeral rings slidably mounted upon the frame, accumu-v lating mechanism u on the frame oper firtivelyconnected wit the rings, and means for operating the rings and actuating the accumulating mechanism.

17. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeral rings rotatably mounted upon the f 'ame, accumir lating mechanism mounted in the frame,

*' :{mcans for rotating the rings, means operated by the rings for setting the accumulating mechanism relatively to the rings, and

E i. means independent of the rings for driving arm adjacent the other end of the cam plate,

the. accumulating mechanism after the ting operation.

18. In a calculating machine, the combination with the fume, of numeral rings slidably mounted in the frame, an operating arm pivotally mounted in the ease concentrically with the rings, an accun'iulating mechanism in the base operatively connected with the rings and means in the operating handle for actuating the accumulating .mech anism.

19. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality of numeral rings, of an accumulating mechanism for each ring, means actuated by the numeral. rings for setting the accumulating mechanisms relatively to the rings, and means for multaneously operatii'ig the a-umulat mechanisms after the setting operation.

20. In. a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of aplurality of numeral rings slidably mounted upon the. frame, a vibratory cam plate pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with the rings and provided with cam slots, accumulation plates pivotally mounted upon the frame, accumulation levers pivoted to the accumulation plates and movable toward and away from the rings, teeth upon the levers adapted to engage the rings, pins upon the levers registering in the cam slots and actuated by the cam plate, operative connections between the rings and accum tion plates, and. means for vibrating the cam plate.

21. In a calculating machine, the comb tion with the fame, of numeral rings e ably mounted in the frame and pro with. indentations, pins upon the rings, star disks in the paths of the numeral pins, rods rotatahly n'iountcd in the frame and to which the star disks are fixed, gears loose upon the rods and connected with the star disks, accumulating plates pivotally mounted upon the frame provided with teeth en gaging the gears, and providedwith recesses, plungers yieldingly mounted in the frame registering in the recesses, accumulating levers mounted pivotally. upon the accmnulating plates, teeth upon the levers adapted to enter the indentations of the numeral rings, and means for moving the levers.

In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeral rings slid ably mounted in the frame, pins upon the rings, rods slid-ably mounted in the frame at rightangles to the plane of the rings, star disks fixed to the tops of the rods and normally in the paths of the ring pins, gears loose upon the rods and resting upon the frame, :mcumulating mechanisms engaged by the gears, receding cams upon the lowerends of the rods, :1 vibratory plate pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric n 'lli the when the rings, arms upon the plate, cam, lates upon the armsadapted to contact witii the cams pivoted plate is vibrated, vand means for vlbrating the pivoted plate.

23. In a calculatlng machine, the combination with the numeral rings, ring pins, and accumulating mechanisms, of setting mechanisms, each setting mechanism comprising a rod, a cam upon the rod, a star disk, fixed to the rod and provided with a cavity, a gear loose upon the rod, and a pin upon the gear extendlng loosel through the cavity.

" 24:. In a calcu ating machine, the combina- 2 0, I tlon with a vibratorly .tion with the" numeral rings,

and accumulating ring pins, and accumulating mechanisms, of setting mechanisms normally/ connecting the ring pins mechanisms, and means for disconnecting Qt'he setting mechanisms from the' rin teeth.

25'. In a ca culatingmachine, the combinathe frame provided with a hub, of. Icamplatpivotally mounted intermed-i ateits lengthlupon the hub, a plate slidably mounted in the frame at ri ht angles to the cam plate and provided, wlth of the levers, latera evers pivoted at one end upon the m ne at opposite sides 1 of the hub, a sprln connecting the free ends lugs upon theslide plate in contact with the levers, and-projections upon the frame also in contact with the levers.

26.. Ina calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of a numeral ring slidably' mountedupon the frame, a pin upon the ring, a star wheel in the path of the ring-pin, a pin loose in the frame and to which the star wheel is fixed, a pinion upon thesecond in, a gear meshing with the pinion and xed to a third in, and a numeraldisk also fixed to the t iird pin.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. ADAM HOCH,

Witnesses: Y

J. BAILEY FARMER, E. L. Hmonnrono late register-

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