US954265A - Automatic fire-protector for oil-tanks. - Google Patents

Automatic fire-protector for oil-tanks. Download PDF

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Publication number
US954265A
US954265A US1909502926A US954265A US 954265 A US954265 A US 954265A US 1909502926 A US1909502926 A US 1909502926A US 954265 A US954265 A US 954265A
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Prior art keywords
tube
tank
damper
oil
protector
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Expired - Lifetime
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William James Donnell
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CHARLES FRANCIS ROBERTSON
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CHARLES FRANCIS ROBERTSON
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Priority to US1909502926 priority Critical patent/US954265A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/14—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
    • F16K17/16—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs
    • F16K17/1606—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs of the reverse-buckling-type
    • F16K17/1613—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs of the reverse-buckling-type with additional cutting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1797—Heat destructible or fusible
    • Y10T137/1819—Safety cut-off

Definitions

  • Crude petroleum as it comes from the wells contains some natural gas commingled with it and there is always more or less of such gas escaping from the storage tanks containing the oil.
  • These storage tanks constructed partly ofwood and partly of steel or entirely of steel, are disposed in tank farms in the oil fields and adjacent to pipe line stations and have capacities ranging from a few hundreds or thousands to fift thousand barrels of oil. Fires caused by lightning frequently occur among these tanks and destroy eachyear enormous quantities of oil. The lightning i nites the gas escaping through vents or ot er openings in the top of the tank and the flames thus started extend to the tanks and their contents and cause explosions which spread the fire.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a protector for oil tanks which will exclude the flames of the ignited gas from contact with the tank or with the body of oil therein and operate automatically to extinguish such flames initially before any damage is done thereby.
  • the invention consists principally inan oil tank fire protector comprising an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an 011 tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and dischargin it into the atmosphere at a point above an away from said tank, and emergency means for automatically closing said tube to shut off the flow of gas thereth-rough, said means including a device fusible or combustible in proximity to the outlet of said tube where the burning of the gas takes place when accidentally ignited by lightning or otherwise.
  • the tube is also provided with a wire gauze ard which prevents the flame from escen ing the tube or entering the tank.
  • Figure 1 of the accom anylng drawings represents a side elevation of the upper part of an oil tank and a side elevation of a fire protector applied thereto and embodying the preferred form of this invention
  • a tank for containing crude or other petroleum or other inflammable gaseous liquid is indicated by' the part marked 10, which shows the to portion of such a tank.
  • the tank so indlcated has applied to it a fire rotector embodying this invention orone orm thereof.
  • an upwardly extending flue tube 20 is provided with an inlet opening 21 and an outlet opening or orifice 22, sald openings being disposed one below the other, the inlet bein preferably at the lower end of said tube and the outlet at the upper end thereof.
  • the tube 20 is'preferably constructed in sections united by an overlapped joint or otherwise.
  • An automatic damper 35 for closing said tube is disposed between said inlet and outlet. This damper may be hinged to a collar 30 inserted in the tube, and adapted to shut against a seat 31 formed in said collar. The damper is weighted or otherwise provided with means which close it automatically.
  • a flame guard 36 preferably in the form of a dia hragm com osed of wire gauze is disposed in the tu e 20 below said damper.
  • Means normally operative to hold the damper 35 in open position include a device fusible or otherwise thermall severable in proximity to the outlet of sai tube so as to be broken or severed to release the damper by the heat of a flame ignited by lightning or otherwise and burning at the orifice of said tube. Any suitable means may be employed for this purpose.
  • the means shown comprise an arm 40 provided with an eye or hook 41, and a suspension device 50. In use the arm 40 is secured to the tube 20 near the top thereof and its upper end referably overhangs the outlet opening 22 0 said tube.
  • the suspension device 50 is stretched between the hook of said arm and the damper 35 swung upward in open position, said sus pension device passing throu h the outlet orifice 22 of said tube and hem composed of combustible or fusible material at least in some portion of its structure in proximity to said outlet. 7
  • any suitable means may be employed for attaching 'the fire protector to the tank.
  • the lower end of the flue tube 20 is extended through the top of the oil tank 10 and secured thereto by a flanged collar 11 and rivets 12.
  • Thejoints between the collar and tube and flange and tank top may be screwthreaded or closed by cement, calking or other suitable means.
  • the flue tube is preferably made about six feet long and about six inches in diameter for small storage tanks for crude petroleum and larger in proportion for larger storage tanks.
  • the burnin prevents the flame from being drawn into the tank or from passing downward-in the tube below said guard.
  • the heat of the flame of the so ignited gas soon severs by combustion, fusing or otherwise, the flexible support 50 which holds the weighted damper 35 in open position. .When this support is thus severed the damper closes by gravity or otherwise and shuts 01f the flow of gas through the tube '20 and puts out the fire before any heat therefrom reaches the tank or its contents.
  • This protectiveextinguisher is applicable to either tanks or receptacles containmg hydrocarbon or other liquids with which more or less gas is commingled.
  • An oil tank fire protector comprising an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an 011 tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and discharging it into the atmosphere at a point above and away from said tank, and emergency means for automatically closing said tube to shut off the flow of gas therethrou h, said means including a device thermally severable in proximity to the outlet of said of the as takes place when accidentally ignited by ightning or otherwise.
  • An oil tank fire protector comprisin an upwardly extending fluetube adapte for attachment to an oil tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and 'discharging it mto the atmosphere at a point above and away from said tank, a. flame let and outlet 0 enings disposed apart rom each other, the inlet being below the outlet, adamper between said inlet and outlet and operative automatically to close said tube and means normally operative tohold sai damper in open position, said means including a support thermally severable in proximity to said outlet to release said damper in case of accidental fire at said outlet of the gases conveyed through said tube.
  • An oil tank fire protector comprisin an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an oil tank and havin inlet and outlet openin disposed apart rom each other, the inlet filing below the outlet a damper between said inlet and outlet and operative automatically to close said tube, a flame guard disposed-in said tube below said damper, and means normally operative to hold said damper in open position, said means including a support thermally severable in proximity to said outlet to release said damper incase of accidental fire at said outlet of the gases conveyed through said tube.
  • a fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for attachment to such tank, an automatic damper for-:closingsaid flue tube, an arm secured to said flue tube near the orifice thereof, and a thermally severable support connected with said arm and adapted for normally holding said damper in open position.
  • a fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for attachment to such tank, an automatic damper for closing said flue tube, an arm secured to said flue tube near the orifice thereof and extending approximately over the axis thereof, and a thermally severable support connected with said arm and adapted for normally holding said damper in open position.
  • a fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for connection with such prising a sectional flue tube for connection tank, an automatic damper for closin said with an oil tank, a collar disposed in the tube, an arm extending above the orifice of upper end of one section of said flue tube said tube and a thermally severable support 15 5- and provided with a damper seat, an autoconnectin with said damper and above said matic damper for closing said tube su orifice wit said arm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Description

W. J. DONNBLL.
AUTOMATIC FIB-E PROTECTOR FOB OIL TANKS.
APPIJUATIOK mum mm: 1a, 1909.
954,265. Patented Apr.5, 1910.
g ,0 1 ll 2; Fig.2
35 WITNESSES 3 3/ INVZENTOR I y j flk W -M ,2 1 7 UNITED STATES grENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM JAMES DONNELL, OF KIEFER, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES FRANCIS ROBERTSON, OF KIEFER, OKLAHOMA.
AUTOMATIC FIRE-PROTECTOR FOR OIL-TANKS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed June 18, 1909. Serial No. 502,926.
To all whom it may, 001mm:
Be it known that 1, WILLIAM JAMES Don- NELL, a citizen of the United States of America, residin at Kieter, county of Creek, State of %)klahoma, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Automatic Fire-Protectors or Oil-Tanks, whereof the following is a specification.
Crude petroleum as it comes from the wells contains some natural gas commingled with it and there is always more or less of such gas escaping from the storage tanks containing the oil. These storage tanks constructed partly ofwood and partly of steel or entirely of steel, are disposed in tank farms in the oil fields and adjacent to pipe line stations and have capacities ranging from a few hundreds or thousands to fift thousand barrels of oil. Fires caused by lightning frequently occur among these tanks and destroy eachyear enormous quantities of oil. The lightning i nites the gas escaping through vents or ot er openings in the top of the tank and the flames thus started extend to the tanks and their contents and cause explosions which spread the fire.
The object of this invention is to provide a protector for oil tanks which will exclude the flames of the ignited gas from contact with the tank or with the body of oil therein and operate automatically to extinguish such flames initially before any damage is done thereby.
The invention consists principally inan oil tank fire protector comprising an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an 011 tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and dischargin it into the atmosphere at a point above an away from said tank, and emergency means for automatically closing said tube to shut off the flow of gas thereth-rough, said means including a device fusible or combustible in proximity to the outlet of said tube where the burning of the gas takes place when accidentally ignited by lightning or otherwise. The tube is also provided with a wire gauze ard which prevents the flame from escen ing the tube or entering the tank.
Figure 1 of the accom anylng drawings represents a side elevation of the upper part of an oil tank and a side elevation of a fire protector applied thereto and embodying the preferred form of this invention,
Patented Apr. 5, 1910.
parts being broken out to show the connection of said protector with the tank. Fig. 2
represents on an enlarged scale a vertical longitudinal section of this fire protector constructed in sections.
The same reference numbers indicate corresponding parts in both figures.
A tank for containing crude or other petroleum or other inflammable gaseous liquid is indicated by' the part marked 10, which shows the to portion of such a tank. The tank so indlcated has applied to it a fire rotector embodying this invention orone orm thereof.
.In the form of oil tank fire protector herein illustrated an upwardly extending flue tube 20 is provided with an inlet opening 21 and an outlet opening or orifice 22, sald openings being disposed one below the other, the inlet bein preferably at the lower end of said tube and the outlet at the upper end thereof. When applied to a tank the inlet 21 opens into the upper part of the tank and the outlet or orifice 22 o ens to the atmosphere some considerable istance above the tank. The tube 20 is'preferably constructed in sections united by an overlapped joint or otherwise. An automatic damper 35 for closing said tube is disposed between said inlet and outlet. This damper may be hinged to a collar 30 inserted in the tube, and adapted to shut against a seat 31 formed in said collar. The damper is weighted or otherwise provided with means which close it automatically. A flame guard 36 preferably in the form of a dia hragm com osed of wire gauze is disposed in the tu e 20 below said damper.
Means normally operative to hold the damper 35 in open position include a device fusible or otherwise thermall severable in proximity to the outlet of sai tube so as to be broken or severed to release the damper by the heat of a flame ignited by lightning or otherwise and burning at the orifice of said tube. Any suitable means may be employed for this purpose. The means shown comprise an arm 40 provided with an eye or hook 41, and a suspension device 50. In use the arm 40 is secured to the tube 20 near the top thereof and its upper end referably overhangs the outlet opening 22 0 said tube. The suspension device 50 is stretched between the hook of said arm and the damper 35 swung upward in open position, said sus pension device passing throu h the outlet orifice 22 of said tube and hem composed of combustible or fusible material at least in some portion of its structure in proximity to said outlet. 7
Any suitable means may be employed for attaching 'the fire protector to the tank. In the form shown in the drawings, the lower end of the flue tube 20 is extended through the top of the oil tank 10 and secured thereto by a flanged collar 11 and rivets 12. Thejoints between the collar and tube and flange and tank top may be screwthreaded or closed by cement, calking or other suitable means.
The flue tube is preferably made about six feet long and about six inches in diameter for small storage tanks for crude petroleum and larger in proportion for larger storage tanks.
, its contents, and the wire gauze guard 36 tube where the burnin prevents the flame from being drawn into the tank or from passing downward-in the tube below said guard. The heat of the flame of the so ignited gas soon severs by combustion, fusing or otherwise, the flexible support 50 which holds the weighted damper 35 in open position. .When this support is thus severed the damper closes by gravity or otherwise and shuts 01f the flow of gas through the tube '20 and puts out the fire before any heat therefrom reaches the tank or its contents.
This protectiveextinguisher is applicable to either tanks or receptacles containmg hydrocarbon or other liquids with which more or less gas is commingled.
I claim as my invention:
'1. An oil tank fire protector comprising an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an 011 tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and discharging it into the atmosphere at a point above and away from said tank, and emergency means for automatically closing said tube to shut off the flow of gas therethrou h, said means including a device thermally severable in proximity to the outlet of said of the as takes place when accidentally ignited by ightning or otherwise.
-2. An oil tank fire protector comprisin an upwardly extending fluetube adapte for attachment to an oil tank for collecting the gas escaping from said tank and 'discharging it mto the atmosphere at a point above and away from said tank, a. flame let and outlet 0 enings disposed apart rom each other, the inlet being below the outlet, adamper between said inlet and outlet and operative automatically to close said tube and means normally operative tohold sai damper in open position, said means including a support thermally severable in proximity to said outlet to release said damper in case of accidental fire at said outlet of the gases conveyed through said tube.
4. An oil tank fire protector comprisin an upwardly extending flue tube adapted for attachment to an oil tank and havin inlet and outlet openin disposed apart rom each other, the inlet filing below the outlet a damper between said inlet and outlet and operative automatically to close said tube, a flame guard disposed-in said tube below said damper, and means normally operative to hold said damper in open position, said means including a support thermally severable in proximity to said outlet to release said damper incase of accidental fire at said outlet of the gases conveyed through said tube. y
5. The combination of a closed oil tank, an-upwardly extending flue tube having an inlet open into the upper part of said tank and a discharge orifice above the to of said tank, an automatic damper dispose in said tube between said inlet and outlet, a su port for said damper operative to'norma y hold it in open osition, said support being thermally severa le-in proximity to said orifice to automatically release said damper in case offire at said outlet of the gases conveyed through said tube.
6. A fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for attachment to such tank, an automatic damper for-:closingsaid flue tube, an arm secured to said flue tube near the orifice thereof, and a thermally severable support connected with said arm and adapted for normally holding said damper in open position.
7. A fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for attachment to such tank, an automatic damper for closing said flue tube, an arm secured to said flue tube near the orifice thereof and extending approximately over the axis thereof, and a thermally severable support connected with said arm and adapted for normally holding said damper in open position.
8. A fire protector for an oil tank comprising a flue tube for connection with such prising a sectional flue tube for connection tank, an automatic damper for closin said with an oil tank, a collar disposed in the tube, an arm extending above the orifice of upper end of one section of said flue tube said tube and a thermally severable support 15 5- and provided with a damper seat, an autoconnectin with said damper and above said matic damper for closing said tube su orifice wit said arm.
ported on said collar an arm secured to t e outer end of the outer section of said flue WILLIAM'JAMES DONNELL' tube and a thermally severable support con- Witnesses:
10 necting said arm with said damper. R. P. WEDDING,
9. A fire protector for an oil tank com- KELLY K. limo.
US1909502926 1909-06-18 1909-06-18 Automatic fire-protector for oil-tanks. Expired - Lifetime US954265A (en)

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