US951449A - Circular loom. - Google Patents

Description

A. PETERSEN.

G IROULAR LOOM. APPLICATION FILED APR.16,1906.

Patented Mar. 8, 1910.

. mums-$112M 1.

WEE/128%?"- A. PETERSEN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16,1906.

Patented Mar. 8, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2' A. PETERSEN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16, 1906.

Patented Mar.8,1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

C (267331 Frazer-Se? 0) 3y A. PETERSEN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APB..16. 1906.

1 449 I Patented! Mar. 8, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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AINJKER PETERSEN, OFFCHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG'NOR [[O THE-FETERSEN' CIRCULAR.LOOIVI C01VIPANY,-A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

CIRCULAR LOOIIVI.

estate.

Application filed April 16, .1906: Serial No. 311,846.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Amman Pnr nasnma subject of the King of Denmark, residing in Chelsea, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Circular Looms, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like letterson the drawlngs representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a novel circular loomusing a plurality of shuttles, and adapted for weaving a tubular fabric at hlgh speed.

The loom contains a circular war rest, a circular track or raceway for gui ing the shuttle, the track comprising as shown two I rings located one above the other and conmechanism made in sections so as to. belocated close to. the outer side of the Vertical dents the latter spacing and guiding the warp thread. Each shuttle carrying the weft is supported at one point by the bottom ring of the shuttle guiding track, and at. another point by the contact of aweft packer carried by the shuttle rolling over the circular breast beam. The shed-forming mechanism is actuated by a revolving cam wheel having an exterior cam groove engaging levers connected with the straps and 'heddles constituting part of the shed-forming mechanism and this same wheel is rovided; with a series of rollers that co-act w1th the shuttle to drive the same in a circular path. The warp in which the sheds are formed for the reception of the shuttles occupies a nearly horizontal position, and where four shuttles are used, four sheds are being opened and closed constantly, each one se arated .from the other so that one shuttle atter the other can enter its own shed, and immediately after passin through the shed, the warp at the heel en of the shuttle will be closed. Each shed may be considered a waving shed, the waves, as I shall designate the threads that are opened for the passage of the shuttle between them, travels about the loom in the direction of the rotation of the shuttles.

The particular features in; which my in vention consists will be fully, hereinafter described and set forth in the claims at the end of this specification.

Specification of Letterslatentr Patented Mar. 8, 1916)..

Figure 1 is a partial top or plan "View of my novel circularloom; Fig. 2 is a section of one side of the same on the line as, Fi 2 is a. detail showing holder detached. Fig. 3.

is a detail showing partof the ring and the wheels sustaining and driving the shuttle; Fig; 3 is a detail of the "shuttle. Fig; 4 is a vertical section detail chiefly to show the let-ofl and take up mechanism, and the har ness mechanism; Fig. 5-shows in detail one of the heddle members forming part of the shed forming mechanism; Fig. 6 is a section of the shuttle enlarged, together with part of the circular track or raceway and the circular breast beam, the figure showing the method ofcrowding in the weft tomake the 5 fabric more compact; Fi [7 is a cross sectional detail of the shutt e-chiefly to show the friction wheels on the shuttle andthe raceway, and one of the shuttle drivingl wheels; Fig. 8 is a detail showing the threa tension for the weft thread; and Fig. 9 is a sectional detail below the line as, Fig.4, chiefly to show the mechanism for rotating the cam wheel employed for actuating the harness and the shuttle driving means, saidfigure showing the warp beam.

Referring to the drawings, A; represents'a section of the framework, there being several said sections employed in building up the of great strength and lightness; The sections are further braced by means of angle beams A united by bolts A to the sections.

Each section has a stand B that sustains a ring B, counterpart of the ring A, and the cylinder A has secured to its upper-edge'by what I designate the breast beam B", the

, bolts B? a series of uprights B that sustain latter being circular instead of straight, as

the fabric to be woven is a tube rather than a Hat piece. The cylinder A and breast beam are stationary. The'cylinder has a connected shoulder a thatsustains in the present instance of my invention ant1-fr1c-' tion means represented as a series of balls with which contact thehub got a revoluble,

posed cam ring C having exterior flanges 0', C spaced at the same distance apart, but runmug in an irregular line about said ring, thus forming a cam which is effective as the actuator for the shed-forming mechanism to be described. The cam ring 0 is also made effective in actuating the shuttles in a circular path and to do this. work the cam ring is provided with a plurality of stands 0 0*, each having a suitable pin or stud for sustaining a wheel or roll 0 and a wheel or roll 0", the roll a being shown as of the larger diameter, because it is employed to push or drive the shuttle D to be described, in a circular path during the operation of weaving. 5

When the loom is working the wheel or loom is stopped, at which time the roller or wheel d on the shuttle D descends and conta'cts with the roll or wheelc".

has a'roll or wheel '03 against which acts the driving roll orwheel 0 carried by the cam ring 0, and it'will be. observed, viewing Fig. .3 that the warp threads to are interbetween the driving roll or wheel 0 and the wheel 03' on the shuttle.

the direction of the arrow thereon by fries tion against the warps, and the wheel cl will be rotatedin the direction, of; the. arrow. on

it, so that each wheel. rolls'over thewarp in.

-' way about which the shuttle is made to travel,

said ring being sustained by a foot a of each section A through suitablebolts (L The circular track or raceway also includes a second ring E that is sustained throu h the instrumentality of a series of vertica dents 6 connected at their opposite ends respectively with said rings, sa1d dents being notched at their inner edges, see Figs. 2, 4 'and7 to embrace annular projections of said rings and being locked in their engaged positions by means of solder'in the form of a ring 6 the introduction of solder, as shown, firmly securing the reed dents to the rings E and E, but this invention is not limited to the use of solder as I may use any other means suitable to confine bind and hold u ly the ends of the dents to said ri Warp threads in the upper plane ofthe shed are acted upon bythe antifriction rollsometimes 'as stated, do not contact with the ring As a con-' sequence thereof, the wheel 0 1s rotated,1n

Each section A has a stand F that supports.

a circular Warp rest F by the upper'end of which the warp threads are sustained on their way to the heddles on the shed-forming mechanism. This warp rest has an inclined or beveled saidbevele with a series set screws 3. These set screws, before being f screwed into the threaded holes of the rest roll c does not operate, but it is employed to aid in sustaining the shuttle whenthe The shuttle 5 one for each war lower roll ends by cords .11., '72,

F, enter holes in a series of holders 4, one of said holders shows the spring as flexed, as it wil be when the shed is open, said spring when the shed is closed moving outwardly due to the fact that the spring 11s made of spring wire, and taking up any slack left in the threads due to closing the shed; or in other words, when the springs g are not subjected. to tension they stand straight, or in other words, if the warp breaks so that the spring is entirely relieved from the stress of the war thereon the spring will straighten and wil be arrested "by the contact strip 8.

In practice each holder will hold from six to ten of these take-ups, and in'case oian accident to any take-up, the particular holder confining it to the rest F may be romoved, and be replaced by a new take-up. Each holder 4 has a series of guide-eyes 5, thread, andccorresponding in number with the take-ups, so that a take-up acts on each individual warp-thread between said eyes and the upper edge of the rest. The sections A have suitable bearings H that receive the journals on the war beams H containing the Warp w, and situated over each warp beam is a pair of. warp-feeding rolls h, it over which the warp passes, said warp being led, as shown, from the warp beam. over the upper roll I of the wazp feeding rolls, then under the the top of the rest, and thence into the eyes of the heddles if, said heddles being herein represented as composed of steel, each heddle being connected at their upper and lower said cords passing over suitable rollers It,

eads omitted, and thus prevent ortion 2, see Fig. 2, and below portionthe rest 1s provided of holes to receive a series of" being shown detached in.

Fig. 2. These holders are made as se by these clamps to;

with a fellow heddle,

thereof through the eyes5, over i seams V it, carried by adjustable rods h", h, sas

ta'ined respectively in the rings A, *B" said rods being adjustable through suitable nu-ts thereon to take up any slack in the cords controlling eachv two =heddles. One c ty-the cords namely h in-this resent instance is utter led .to the inner en of a lever h sustained by a yielding member hf herein shown 'as a piece ofspri'ng steelunlted by a screw 7: with the cross piece A. The

"levers k, in orderthat their weight may be reduced to the minimum, are made of cold rolled steel, see =Fi 1, bent and soldered to the yielding mem ers it, one arm ofthe two armed'lever being soldered to the opposite side of said sprmgmem'ber. The inner ends of the levers h are 'PIOVldGCl with an anti-friction roll m that enters a cam groove between the flanges c, 0 said cam groove, as the camring 0, is revolved, aotuating said levers to -effect a change of position of the heddle members for forming the shed in the passageof the shuttle therethrough. -Fig. 2 shows the shed open w hrle Fig. 4 shows the heddles in a position to hold the warp threads in substantially the same plane or as about the osition where the shed is'to be changed. ash-cord yh h in the present embodiment of myfiiirvention is in the form of a strap or piece-dfraw hide although these cords might be any suitable flexible connection. Each strap or cord h h may sustain one or a number of ihe'ddles depending upon the fineness o tjthe goods being woven and the number. -=of 7 warp threads employed in the production lofithe fabric. For instance, sup ose that each strap controls-two sets of he dlesgfive'in each,

set. These heddles will control ten warp threads, and one .warp thread will be .let

throu 11, say theeyeof the outermost 'heddle and t e next one through theeye of the in-' nermost heddle, and so alternately through the outermost and innermost heddles. 1n

- practice I desire that each set of he'ddles of the harness mechanism should mot occupy a space of more than about oneinch lot the circumference of:the reed.

Referring again to the shuttle. D it .comprises a metal frame ha -ving atopand bottom bar to leave a space for the reception of the spindle m carrying the mass of weft m which may be of any suitable material. T he shuttle at its face nearest the breast beam B has suitable plates m m that receive the journals on which are mounted the rolls (1 shown in Fig. 1, to just clear the inner sides. of the dents a, said shuttle having two 'flIllTl- Friction rollers m, m of any suitable -1naterial that contact with theinner sides of said dents, said rollers being kept firmly in con-V tact with said dents, due to the centrifugal action of the shuttle while-mouingin a nir-- culair path.

'Dhe front -of the shuttle is bowed as at m and sustains .a weftaok' I device -m, shown as a wheel lea-Mingus =jourl male m sustained in said bowedpart, the wheel being grooved at its periphery, see

- Fig *6, to dorm two peripheral flanges m",

m one flange as m extended :beyond 'the underfla'nge we so that the warp thread to in the upper plane of the shed is acted upon -in=such manner as .to slightly bend the same upwardly, thus exerting sufiicient tension on said warps to cause them :to embrace snuglythe weft laid in the shed by the preceding shuttle and forming a little extra space just at the cloth making point in which the packing device lays the -weftibein delivered by that shuttle;

. iewing Figs. 2 and 4, it will be seen that the upper edge of the rest F 'is lifted y above the top of the breast-beam, so

one to the other would cross the shuttle a little above the center-of the-rod m carrying the filling, such provision enabling the war P Y threads mthe upper plane of.=the shed to'ibe a little slacker than the 'warp in thelower plane of the shed; I desire a little slaokness in the war s as they come into the upper plane of t e shed that the flange m :of

, greater diameter than the packer may cross and project beyond the outer edge of the,

breast beam in strainin the war to help seat the wett into the c 0th making point,

the weft last laid .by the shuttle preceding that one which is laying its weft into the shed at the cloth making oint. By'reasonof the edge m of the we t packer, Iain enabled to work, as it were, one -warp inde-' pendently of the other to seat the wefts more closely as they are being laid,thus d0- ing away with-a reed which has been customarily usedin this class of machine, my weft, packer-compacting the weft into the shed more stiiily than can be done by a reed.

The shuttle 1) is provided, see Fig. 8 where a detail of the same isshown in enlarged View, with a tube it having heads a" provided with holes that fit loosely the journals n at the ends of suitable stud screws n that are sustained in the sides of the shuttle. This tube has soldered to :it' an auxiliary tube 113* having a series of fingers n that act against theexterior of the mass of 'weft in the shuttle and subject the same to the proper tension. The tube m, isshown slotted for part of'its length in Fig.8, and the interior thereof IBCBIVBSH. spring a, one :end of which is extended through said-slot into a groove of the portion a, which sustains the spring fingers a). The opposite end .ofsaid spring is connected with a screwm ithatimaly be adjusted longitudinally to strain the s ring more or less to thereby 'incneasem fingers a on the tubular shaft nso that any desired pressure or tension of the fingers n on the shuttle may be attained at will. These fingers, a large number of them being employed, each one being free to act. on a portion of the weft mass, adapt themselves readily to any diameter of weft mass and to for driving the shuttle and actuating the shed-formin mechanism, must be revolved and to do t is I have provided a belt N that is'extended over two idle pulleys N, N, said belt being driven from a pulley on any counter-shaft (not shown), the countershaft..-being preferably below the floor on which the loom rests, the belt being extended through holes in the fioor over the .idle pulleys, and about. the hub of the cam ring 0., The pulley employed for driving the belt N-will be under the control of a suitable clutch that may be manipulated in any usual manner by a lever at or near the loom. Thisinvention is not, however, re-

stricted to any particular means for revolv-' ing the cam ring O, and in practice said ring may have co-acting with its interior or lower portion a brake that may be applied whenever itis desired to stop the operation of the loom, the driving belt however actuated being at the same time rendered inoperative. The woven cloth passes within the circular breast beam which also serves to gage the diameter of the tube being woven and thence the web passes through the stationary cylinder A and is led about the take up rollers 79, p, see Figs. 2 and 4. The shaft of each roller 72 p is provided with a suitable worm tooth gear said gears being designated p Said gears are engaged respectively by wormspf, p on a shaft 12 sustained in suitable bearings resting on the floor and driven from one of the idle pulleys M by some suitable gearing which in the present embodiment of my invention comprises a gear 7' carried by said pulley M? which engages and drives a bevel gear r" at the upper end of a shaft 1", said shaft having fast thereon a bevel gear 1' which engages with and drives a bevel gear 1' on a cross shaft r, said latter shaft having thereon a worm T which meshes with and drives a worm gear 1' fast on the shaft 3)", Said shaft 7) has at its end a bevel pinion p thatis engaged by a second bevel pinion 72 carried by an upright shaft 1) sustained in suitable bearings, and having. a worm p that engages teeth of a worm tooth gear p" fast on one of the upper let-ofi' rollers 12. so that the feed rolls, constitutin part of the take-up, as well as the warp feeding rollers h, h are rotated positively. If it is desired to move the cloth or warp independently while the loom is at rest,,t is may be done by engaging the hand wheel h turning the shaft 7;".

The spring n will be adjusted according to the particular tension it is desired that they fingers n exert on the weft mass, and as the weft is unwound from said mass and the mass decreases in diameter, the effective strength on the spring n is decreased automatically so that the pressure on the fin ers n is lessened, thus automatically controlling the tension on the weft mass. This feature is, I consider, broadly new in looms.

The anti-friction rollers 03 are mounted on journals shown as screws, the heads of which are slotted while the inner ends of the screws engage screw threads in the back of the shuttle. To withdraw the shuttle, the screws may be removed, letting said rollers move downwardly between the back of the shuttle and the front lates m, m that are sustained on the spindles carrying the rollers d, and d. These plates also have cars 20 that are shown as sustaining the spindle m carrying the weft mass, and arms 21 extended forwardly from the parts m and m. support the thread sustainer before described.

The loom described will, in practice, have a plurality of shuttles, any desired number, that depending uponthe diameter of the circular track or raceway, and these shuttles will follow one after the other about their supporting means, shown as the bottom ring of said track and the circular breast beam.

The shed-forming mechanism will open the warp and make sheds therein in advance of each shuttle, the shed being changed immediately after a shuttle has passed therethrough, the shed extending, it will be understood, but part way about the circular breast beam. With a reed 90 inches in circumference, I can use practically four shuttles and theshed-forming means will be so subdivided in sections that 90 sections will be employed close to and just outside the circular reed, each section presenting a plurality of heddles, that depending upon the number of warps used, and the fineness of the cloth being woven.

Herein I have shown the shed actuating cam ring C as provided with but one cam groove and with one groove the cloth woven will be what is known as plain woven, but by providing said ring with two or more such grooves and with extra levers and shedforming means, it is possible to weave cloth presenting a tweeled surface.

I am aware that warp has been led from the warp beam upwardly through a ring and tially'horizontal plane and that a shuttle has traveled over the upper sides of said dents;

In the loom herein described a stationa the warp is led upwardly from a series of warp beams through and between a series of warp feedrollers and thence over a large circu" 1n lafiy-arranged warp rest, the reed and hollow breast beam being located inside this rest, the harness mechanism or shed forming heddles being arranged between the reed frame and reed and the warp rest.- The reed frame comprises two circhlar rings arranged one above the other and connected b up-' right dents. Thewoven cloth asses own- Wardly through the ring-sha e beam from cylinder and tence betweentake-up-rol The rings E, E constitute a shuttle raceway.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is .fr 1.; In a circular-loom, an annular warprest, an annular breast-beam, acircular track or racewa interposed between said warp rest and reast-beam, said raceway com risin two rings and a series of inde- 1 said levers enterin pen ent ents connectedat their opposite ends to said. rings, said dents constituting warp-guides means to sustain the u ermost ring of sai raceway, a series 0 eddles located between said warp-rest and track or raceway, a ring havin "an external cam groove, and a series 0 levers with which said heddles are connected, the inner ends of said cam groove, the latter actuating sai heddles.

2. In a circular loom, an annular-warprest, a shuttle raceway or track comprising two rings one above the other, anda series of separate dents secured at both ends to said rings, said dents servin to space and guide a series of warp-threa s, and'an annular breast-beam over the top edge of and through which the. woven fabric is led to a take-up, combined with a series of shuttles, and means to move the same aboutsaid track against-the inner edges of saiddents.

3. In a circular loom, a circular shuttletrack or raceway comprising top and bottom rings, means to suspend the uppermost of said rings a series of war guid n dents secured at their opposite en s to sai rings, a shuttle mounted between said rings and occupying a position wholly within the circle occupied by said dents, and means to cause said shuttle sustained by said track to travel in a circular path close to the inner edges of said dents. V

4. In a circular loom, a circular track or raceway comprising top and bottom rings,

- means to sustain the uppermost of said rings,

a series of independent wa -guidin dents secured at their opposite on s to sai rings,

a shuttle mounted between said rings'and having rollers at its opposite ends, means to cause said shuttle to travel: in .a circularguiding track comprising top and bottom rings, means to sustain the u permost 'of said rings, a series of indepen ent vertical warp-gulding dents connected at their opgosite ends to .saidrings, a shuttle sustained said track, and means located within the c rcle of sald track to move the shuttle in a circular path wholly inside said dents.

6'; In a circular loom, a circular breastbeam; a circular shuttle guiding track pro vided with a'series of warp guiding dents extending from the bottom to the top of and sustained by said track, a seriesof shuttles sustained by said track within the dents, and means located within said track and act ing upon and moving said shuttles about said track, combined with a series of heddles arranged close to the outer edges of the dents of said track to enga e the warp threads close to the path in which the shuttles move to thereby insure the widest ossible separathe shed.

7. Ina circular loom, an annular warp rest, a c1rcular-breast-beam, a circular shuttle-sustaining track comprising tworings, means to sustain the uppermost of said rings, a series of upright dents confined atboth ends to said rm s and servin guide a series o? warp-threa s, the top bar of said. track occupying a osition inahigher horizontal plane than t e top of said breast-beam.

8. In a circular loom, a circular breastbeam, a circular rest for the warp, a circular track for a shuttle, and a series of heddles, combined with a series of levers connected with said heddles, said levers having their fulcra outside the circle occupied by'said warp rest. y

9. In a circular loom, the combination with a cylinder, of a cam ring encircling and rotatably sustained by the cylinder, a shuttle raceway, a shuttle therein, means carried by and moving around the cylinder with the cam ring to directly engage the shuttle thereby moving the latter in the raceseries of pairs of rolls continuously, an annular' warp-rest, and a series of warp-slackcontrolllngsprings having their lower ends sustained by saidrest and extended upto space and y wardly toward the top of said rest, said springs acting normally on the warp-threads on their way to and across said rest and taking up any slack in said warp threads due to closin and'opening the sheds.

11 In a circular loom, the combination with an annular warp rest, of a plurality of vertically-arranged resilient members situated exterior to the warp rest, each being rigidly sustained at its lower end and having a goose-neck shape at its upper e d and forming an open eye for the receptio of a warpthread, and a guiding eye adjacent the lower end of each resilient member whereby the warp threads pass through said lower eyes and then vertically substantially parallel with said members and through the upper eyes to the warp rest.

12. In a circular loom, a series of pairs of warp-feeding rolls, means for'driving said series of pairs of rolls continuously, a circular warp-rest and a series of warp-slackcontrollmg springs arranged between said rest and said warpreceiving rolls, each spring receivin a warp-thread on its way to and across sai warp-rest, said springs taking up slack in said warp-thread outside said warp-rest.

13. In a circular loom, a circular warp rest, a ring having an external cam groove, a

I series of heddles to receive warp threads, a

series of levers actuated by said cam groove and connected near their inner ends with said heddles, said levers having their fulcra in a circle outside the external diameter of the Warp rest.

14. In a circular .loom, a ring having at its exterior a camgroove, a series of heddles a series of levers acted upon at one end by said groove and connected between their ends with said heddles for forming sheds, said levers each comprising two metallic diverging arms.

15. In a circular loom, a circular warp rest, a series of connected springs acting normally to take up any slack in the warp, a ring havin an external cam groove, means torotate sai ring, a series of eddles to receive warp threads, a series of levers actuated by said 0am groove and connected near their inner ends with said heddles, said levers having their fulcra in a circle outside the external diameter of the warp rest.

16. In a circular loom, an upright central hollow curb or cylinder, a rotatable rin surrounding said cylinder, uprights carrie by said ring, a wheel carried by each of said uprights, a circular shuttle track comprising two rings beveled at their contiguous sides, a series of warp spacin dents connecting said rings, a series of s uttles, a roller at each end of said shuttle to roll over the edges of said dents, and tapered rollers carried by said shuttle to contact with the beveled parts of said rings, one of said beveled rollers contacting with and rolling over the lowermost ring, and also contacting with one of the rolls mounted on said u rights.

17. Ina circular loom, an upri t central hollow curb or cylinder, a revo uble rin surrounding said cylinder, u rights carried by said ring a wheel carried y each of said uprights, a circular shuttle track comprising two rings beveled at their contiguous sides, a series of warp spacin dents connecting said rin s, aseries of s uttles, a roller at each en of each shuttle to roll over the edges of said dents, tapered rollers carried by said shuttle to contact with the beveled I parts of said rings, one of said beveled rollers contacting with and rolling over the lowermost ring,and also contactin with one of the rolls mounted on said uprig ts, and a series of ball bearings interposed between said curb and the revoluble ring.

18. In a circular loom, two rings one located above the other, heddles sustainin pulleyssustained by sald rings, sets of he dles embracing said pulleys, sets of heddle levers connected with said heddles, a cam ring located between said two rings means to rotate said cam ring to actuate sald heddle levers and heddles to form sheds, and means to adjust said pulleys to take up slack in the heddles.

19. In a circular loom, a circular shuttle track comprising rings arranged one over the other, means for sustainin the uppermost of said rings'aseries of ents connectin said rings, a shuttle having a circular bac and provided with anti-friction rollers at its opposite ends to roll over said dents and with tapering rollers for rollin lowermost ring of said track, an means to move a shuttle in a circular path about said track, the rollers at the ends of said shuttle being maintained by centrifugal action against the edges of said dents.

20. In a loom, a circular shuttle tracksaid packing device overlapping the upper edge of said breast-beam.

,22, In a circular loom, a circular shuttletrack, comprising top and bottom rings and dents connected therewith at their opposite ends, a circular breast-beam, a shuttlesustained by the bottom ring of said track, and a revoluble weft packing device havingl a projecting edge to overlap the upper e ge over the of said breast-beam, a portion of said packing device underneath said edge being cut away to form a space between the under portion of said packing device and the out side of the breast beam below its top edge.

93. In a circular loom, a circular raceway for a shuttle, the same comprising two rings connected by a series of upright dents, and means for sustaining the uppermost of said rings, combined With a shuttle the back of which is guided in said raceway, antifrict-iou Wheels carried at the upper side of said shuttle and rolling over the Warp threads crossing the shuttle and contacting with the underside of the top part of said 1

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