US949980A - Composition for softening steel. - Google Patents

Composition for softening steel. Download PDF

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Publication number
US949980A
US949980A US529189A US1909529189A US949980A US 949980 A US949980 A US 949980A US 529189 A US529189 A US 529189A US 1909529189 A US1909529189 A US 1909529189A US 949980 A US949980 A US 949980A
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Prior art keywords
steel
composition
iron
softening
shells
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US529189A
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George Funes Diez
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
    • C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a-eomposition for softening steel for which application for United States patent has been filed under date of May 29, 1909, S. N. 499,074: and of which this application is a division.
  • This invention has reference to improvements in composition for softening steel and is designed to provide a com os'ition by means of which steel may be so tened ina manner which will permit the ready engraving or pressing of designs in the steel surface, but not preventing the subsequent hardening of the steel to any desired degree.
  • a steel block or mass is softened to about the'degree of softness of ordinary copper and a 5 'gn may then be readily engraved in the e .el or impressed therein with the same facility that .the design may be engraved or impressed in a copper bloc or plate and afterward by the ordinary processes of hardening the steel block or plate with the design engraved or impressed therein may be so hardened as to be utilized as a die in the usual manner.
  • the softened steel adapted for engraving or diesinking but it is also of advantage for being worked in an ordinary lathe.
  • an alkaline earth base preferably as calcined byster shells, and calcium oxid which has been broken down by exposure to the influence of the atmosphere for a suitable time, say about four da s, with frequent stirring so that the nick ime or calcium oxid becomes air-slake
  • a caustic alkali referably white caustic potash, and iron fi ings.
  • calcined oyster shells and air-slaked calcium oxid there are taken each four parts.
  • white caustic potash there is taken one part and of the iron filings there is taken one part. All the ingredients in the form of powder are thoroughly mixed together and water is added until the mass is in the form of a soft but consistent paste.
  • a crucible or iron box is filled with this paste and the piece of steel to be softened is embedded in the mass in such a way as sule it thickness of which should be equal to the diameter of the piece of steel.
  • the crucible or box is now covered with plaster so as to prevent escape of gases. It is maintained for two or more consecutive hours at a cherry red heat.
  • the source o heat is now. turned off without however opening the oven or touching the crucible or box and the latter is allowed to cool as slowly as possible. idhen the crucible of box is erfectly cold it is takenout of the oven and t e piece of steel then possesses the properties 01. and maleability approaching those of copper.
  • caustic potash While I prefer to use caustic potash, as the soluble caustic alkali nevertheless results can be secured by substituting caustic soda.
  • oyster shells may be any shells of similar nature. Oyster shells are however the most abundant.
  • a composition for softening steel comprising an alkaline earth base. a soluble caustic alkali and iron.
  • a composition for softening steel comprising an alkaline earth base, a soluble caustic alkali and iron formed into a paste with water.
  • A. com osition for softening steel comprising an a kaline earth base, caustic potash and iron. 4.
  • a com osition for softening steel com-- prising an a kaline'earth base, caustic potash and'iron formed into a paste with water.
  • a com )osition for softening steel comprising calcined shells, a soluble caustic alkali and iron. 4
  • a composition for softening steel comprising calc ned shells, a soluble caustic alkali and iron formed into a paste with water.
  • a composition for softening steel comprising calcined shells, caustic potash and iron.
  • a composition for softening steel comprising calcium oxicl, caustic potash and iron.
  • a composition for use in softening'steel comprising Ctllt'lllLtl shells, calcium oxicl, caustic potash and iron-formed iutoa paste 10.
  • A. composition for use in softening steel comprising;calcined shells, uir slnkcd calcium oxiil, caustic potnsh and iron.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Description

enoaea runes area, or new "roan, NLYJ COMPOSITION FOR SOFTENING STEEL Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented F-ebi 22, 191%..
No Drawing. Original application filed May 29, 1909, Serial No. 499,074. Divided and this application filed November 22, 1909.
Serial No. 529,189.
' To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, GEORGE Forms DIEZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composition for Softening Steel, of which the following is a clear, full, and exact description.
This invention relates to a-eomposition for softening steel for which application for United States patent has been filed under date of May 29, 1909, S. N. 499,074: and of which this application is a division.
This invention has reference to improvements in composition for softening steel and is designed to provide a com os'ition by means of which steel may be so tened ina manner which will permit the ready engraving or pressing of designs in the steel surface, but not preventing the subsequent hardening of the steel to any desired degree.
By the-present invention a steel block or mass is softened to about the'degree of softness of ordinary copper and a 5 'gn may then be readily engraved in the e .el or impressed therein with the same facility that .the design may be engraved or impressed in a copper bloc or plate and afterward by the ordinary processes of hardening the steel block or plate with the design engraved or impressed therein may be so hardened as to be utilized as a die in the usual manner. Not only is the softened steel adapted for engraving or diesinking but it is also of advantage for being worked in an ordinary lathe. I
In carryiiig out the invention there are first provided an alkaline earth base preferably as calcined byster shells, and calcium oxid which has been broken down by exposure to the influence of the atmosphere for a suitable time, say about four da s, with frequent stirring so that the nick ime or calcium oxid becomes air-slake There is also provided a caustic alkali referably white caustic potash, and iron fi ings. Of the calcined oyster shells and air-slaked calcium oxid there are taken each four parts. Of the white caustic potash there is taken one part and of the iron filings there is taken one part. All the ingredients in the form of powder are thoroughly mixed together and water is added until the mass is in the form of a soft but consistent paste. A crucible or iron box is filled with this paste and the piece of steel to be softened is embedded in the mass in such a way as sule it thickness of which should be equal to the diameter of the piece of steel. The crucible or box is now covered with plaster so as to prevent escape of gases. It is maintained for two or more consecutive hours at a cherry red heat. The source o heat is now. turned off without however opening the oven or touching the crucible or box and the latter is allowed to cool as slowly as possible. idhen the crucible of box is erfectly cold it is takenout of the oven and t e piece of steel then possesses the properties 01. and maleability approaching those of copper. t
While I prefer to use both calcined oyster shells and air-slaked calcium oxid, each'of which contains an alkaline earth'base never- .theless results can be obtained by the use of either without the other. V
While I prefer to use caustic potash, as the soluble caustic alkali nevertheless results can be secured by substituting caustic soda.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the'shclls specified as oyster shells may be any shells of similar nature. Oyster shells are however the most abundant.
I claim as my invention l. A composition for softening steel comprising an alkaline earth base. a soluble caustic alkali and iron. I
2. A composition for softening steel comprising an alkaline earth base, a soluble caustic alkali and iron formed into a paste with water.
3. A. com osition for softening steel comprising an a kaline earth base, caustic potash and iron. 4. A com osition for softening steel com-- prising an a kaline'earth base, caustic potash and'iron formed into a paste with water.
5. A com )osition for softening steel comprising calcined shells, a soluble caustic alkali and iron. 4
6. A composition for softening steel comprising calc ned shells, a soluble caustic alkali and iron formed into a paste with water.
7. A composition for softening steel comprising calcined shells, caustic potash and iron.
to entirely capand have around it a coating the ductibility -prising calcined shells, caustic potash and iron formed into a paste \v1tn water.
with water.
v l com risln calcmecl shells. calcium oxid 1- v V 7 i caustic potash and iron 'filings, in the pro portion of about four parts of calcined shells; ffour' tic potash zi'ncl one part of iron filings;
13. A composition for softening steel comprising calcium oxicl, caustic potash and iron. 1.4. A composition for softening steel-cornprising calcium oxid, caustic potush antl iron E formed into a pastewith Water.
Signed at New elnbei' 1909.'.
8. Aconnoosition for softening steel'c'orrr- 9. A composition for use in softening'steel comprising Ctllt'lllLtl shells, calcium oxicl, caustic potash and iron-formed iutoa paste 10. A. composition for use in softening steel comprising;calcined shells, uir slnkcd calcium oxiil, caustic potnsh and iron.
l1. Acon'iposition for use in softeningstecl comprising a mixture ofealcined shells, GEORGE FUNES. DIEZ. calcium oxid, caus tic potash and iron. Vitnesses: J
12. A mixture for use in softening-steel p G. C. EDGAR,
M E.HUFFMAN.
York this 16 day of No parts of calciunio'xicl, one part oi caus-
US529189A 1909-05-29 1909-11-22 Composition for softening steel. Expired - Lifetime US949980A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US529189A US949980A (en) 1909-05-29 1909-11-22 Composition for softening steel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1909499074A 1909-05-29 1909-05-29
US529189A US949980A (en) 1909-05-29 1909-11-22 Composition for softening steel.

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