US947355A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

' ments in steam turbines and its object is to. 10.

wiLLIAM E. snnLYn, or comm D 'ALENE,'ID4H0..

. STEAM-TURBINE. V

Specification of Letters iatent. Patnted Jan. 25, 1910.

Application filed March 1, 1909. Serial No. 480,536.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SnELYn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Coeur dAlene, in the county of Kootenai and State of Idaho, have invented a new and useful Steam-Turbine, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention has reference to improveprovide a turbine. engine wherein the parts are rendered steam-tight without the use of packing and whereby the engine may be made reversible, or where the reversing of the direction of rotation is no material the engine may be made of the multiple type thus increasing the power output without increasing the size-of the engine.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which drawings Figure l is a vertical sectionon the line A-B of Fig. 2 with parts broken away to show a portion of the structure on the line CD of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section taken in thedirection of the axis of rotation of the rotary member of the engine, some parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 is a section of limited area similar to the section'of Fig. 1 and taken on 'two planes similar to the showing of-Fi'g. 1 but illustrating a non-reversible type of engine of a structure which may have double the power .output of the structure of Fig; 1.

Referring to the drawings there is shown a cylindrical casing l mounted upon a foot or base 2 and constituting the casing bfthe' engine, and also the framework of the stator of the engine. Of course other than cylindrical shape may be adopted for the casing. Also the casing is made of a sufiicient num-v ber of arts to facilitate manufacture and assembling; The side members of the easing are provided with hubs 3 suitably bored and constructed to'act as ournal bearings for a shaft 4 constituting the power shaft of the machine and this shaft may be provided with a pulley 5 or other means throu h which power may be transmitted from ,t e

shaft 4 to the machinery to be propelled.

Mounted upon the shaft 4 between the heads of the casing is a sleeve or elongated hub 6 at the center of which there is formed a radially extending web 7 on the faces of which at diiferent distances from the axis of rotation of the web 7 are formed laterally projecting series of buckets 8 and 9 on one face of the web while on the other face are similar series of buckets 8' and 9'. The hub or sleeve 6 is keyed tothe shaft'4 and the said shaft 4 to ether with the hub 6 and uckets constitutethe rotor web 7 with its of the engine.

Prpjectmg from each end member of the casing 1. is a flange 10 or 10, the flange l0 .projectiug'from one head of the casing and the flange 10' from the other head'of the casing, and these flanges are concentricwith the axis of rotation of the rotor and are located, intermediate of thetwo series of buckets carried by the. rotor on each side thereof. Each flange l0 and 10 projects inwardly toward the center of the casing .to a sufiicientdistance to enter asuitable groove 11 formed in the corresponding-wall of the web 7 between the series of buckets carried thereby. A

Between the inner series of buckets 8 or. 8 and the hub 6, the corresponding face of the web 7 is formed with a circumferential groove 12 in which is seated an annulus 13 on'one side of the web and an annulus 13 on the other side, the two annulzn being generally identical except as hereinafter specified. Each annulus 13 or 13 is formed with a circumferential groove 14 so that the annulus has an inner and outer wall 15 and 16 res )ectively concentric'with the. axis of rotation of the shaft 4., The inner wall 15 of each annulus encircles the corresponding portion of the hub '6 in close relation thereto and the free end of the wall, that is the end awayirom the groove 12 of the-web 7 is set in a groove 17 formed on the inner face ofthe corresponding6endwall of the casing 1.

The outer wall the annulus is made somewhat thicker than 'nner wall and is in turn set in a groove 18 for: edin the correspondin portion of the inner face of the correspon ing head of the'casing 14 The wall 16 is made sufficiently thick for the reception of screws 19 by means of which each annulus is'securely but removably fastened .to the corresponding head. of the casing 1.

The groove 14 .in each annulus 13 and 13 is entered by a pipe 20 extending through the wall of the corresponding head of the casin and the'pipes 20 are connected outside t e casing to .a-oommon supplypipe 21.

Each pipe 20 is provided with' a valve 22 and the pipe 21 is also provided with avalve 23 outside its point of connection'with the two pipes 20. By this means steam may be supplied to the pipes 20 in any suitable quantity up to the full capacity of the pipe 21 by a proper manipulation of the valve 23 and steam maybe supplied to either pipe 20 in any quantity up to the full capacity of the pipes by a proper-mani ulation of either or both valves 22. This a so provides a means whereby the steam supply may be cut off from one side of the engine and admitted to the other at the will of the operator.

The outer wall 16 of each annulus 13 or 13' is provided withsubstantially tangential ports or passages 24 preferably equi-distantly disposed and-of a number dependingupon the size and ca acity of the engine.

Each port 24 is threa ed to receive a nozzle 25 having a passage tapering toward the outlet end, which end is coincident with the.

. outer periphery of the wall 16 of the particular annulus 13 or 13'.

The buckets 8 are properly curved toreceive the impact of-a stream of steam issuing from a no'zzle'25 in a direction to cause a rotative movement ot the said series of bucket-s. The edge of the buckets presented to the nozzles is beveled toward the convex side of the bucketsso that the line of issuance of the stream of steam is not deflectedby the edge of the bucket as it passes over thenozzle. The buckets 9 are similarly shaped and pitched in the same general direction as are the buckets 8'. Through each' flange 1.0 there .are formed tapering passages 26 with their-wide ends presented to the buckets 8 and their narrow ends to the buckets 9. There are as many passages 26 throughthc flange 10 as there are buckets 8 0r 9, the number of buckets in each series being the same. The passages 26 are inclined in the same direction as the nozzles 25. Surrounding the series of buckets 9 is a steam space 27 for the reception of the exhaust steam from the buckets 9 and an exhaust pipe 28 is provided leading fromthe space or chamber 27. i v In the structure shown in Fig. 1 the direction of inclination of thenozzle. 25 in the annulus 13 is the opposite tothat 0f- 7 the'nozzle 25 in the annulus 13 and the direction of inclination or presentation of the buckets 8 and 9 and also of the inclination ofthe passages 26' in the flange 10' is the this figure by 8" and 9" and other remoter parts .inthis figure agreeing the ren oter parts in Fig. 1 are designatedby the same numerals with the corresponding double indices.

The two chambers 27 and 27 are se arated by an annular diaphragm 29 exten ing from-the outer peripheral wall of the 'casin 1 to the outer periphery of the web 7.

The I t between the adjacent faces of the web 29 and theweb 7 will be sutlicient to prevent leak of steam to any material extent.

Considering the structure of Fi 1 let it' be supposed that steam is admitte through the supply pipe 21 to the pipe leading to the chamber 1 1 in the annulus 13; through the valve 22 in the corresponding pipe 20, thevalve 22 in the other pipe 20 being closed. The steam will pass from the chamber 11 of the annulus 13 through the nozzles 25 and intocontact with the buckets S'causing a rotativemovement of the web 7. After acting on the buckets 8 the'steam passes into against the buckets 9 and the effort of the steam on these buckets augments that of the thetapering passages 26 and then issues steam on the buckets 8. After acting on the buckets 9 the steam passes into the chamber 27 and out through the exhaust pipe 28. Because of the structure of the annulus l3 and also of the flange 10 there is no leak of steam from the chamber let'ofthe annulus 13 and all the steam passes (\utward through the nozzles 25. Because of the inset of the flange 10 in the web 7 where the flange enters the groove 11 there-is no escape of steam from the buckets 8 to the buckets 9 7 except through the passages 26. These bearings may be made steam-tigl'it without undue friction and entirely avoid the necessity of special packing,

The action of the steam upon the buckets 8 and 9 as described will cause a rotative movement of the shaft 1 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1. If it be desired ,to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft 4 then steam is cut off from the chamber 14 in the annulus 13 and is' admitted to I the chamber l i of the annulus 13. Because of, the opposite inclination of the buckets 8 and 9 and, of the nozzles 25 and passages 26 the im ulse given by the steam to the rotor is in t e opposite direction to that of the first described side of the engine and consequently the shaft 4 is caused to rotate in the opposite direction from that 'first described. The engine is thus reversible.

I Inder some circumstances the reversib1l1t of the engine 1s unnecessary and then the uckets on the two sides of the engine may be arranged to cause rotative movement of the shaft 4: in the same direction and under these circumstances steam is admitted to both sides of the engine at the same time,

i a radial web with series of buckets and the axis of. rotation, a casing .through and at rected toward the buckets.

, with the axis of rotation ,and having steam passages, said flange being located between cumferential groove .inner series of buckets and the axis of rotathus doubling the power of the engine without increasing the size over and above the reversible engine.

What is claimed is N 1. In a steam turbine, a rotor comprisin a radial web with series of buckets spac apart radially and concentric with the axis of rotation and having an annular groove between two adjacent series of buckets, and a stator comprising a casinginclosing the rotor and .provided with a flange concentric two series of buckets and having the endrmote from the casing seated'in the said groove in the rotor, an annulus on each side of the casing separate from but secured to the casing interior to the inner series of buckets, and a central web extendin radially inward'from' the inner periphera wall of the casing to, the outer periphery of the web of'the rotor.

2. In a steam turbine, a rotor comprising of buckets on each side spaced radially, the said web having a circumferential groove between adjacent series of buckets and between theinner series,

having flanges concentric with the axis of rotation, each flange having passages thereits free end seated in a groove between two series of buckets, and an annulus on each side of the rotor separate from but fixed to the casing, said annulus enteringthe inner groove of the corresponddistributing chamber and steam nozzles di- 3. In a steam turbine, a radial web with series side spaced radially,

a rotor comprisingv of buckets on each said web having a cir-- on each side between adjacent series of buckets and between the tion, a casing having flanges concentric with the axis of rotation, each flan e having passages therethrough and at its ree end seated in the groove between two series of buckets,

an annulus separate from but fast to the casing onv each side of the rotor, said annulus entering the inner groove in the corresponding side of the rotor and provide with an annular recess constituting a disti l uting chamber and with steam nozzles directed toward'the buckets, and a separatejcontrollable steam conduit for the distributing chamber in each annulus.

4. In a steam turbine,

the said series of buckets and said Web having groove between each pair a rotor comprising a-radlal web with annular series of buckets of buckets and between the inner series. of buckets and the axis of rotatlon, a casing in which the rotor is intermeprojecting fianges concentric with the axis pf rotation, each flange having passages )herethrough and at its free end seated in a groove between two series of buckets, an annulus se arate from but fast to the casing on each side of the rotor and seated 'in'the inner groove in the corresponding side of the rotor, the casing also being provided with annular grooves for receiving the other side of the annulus remote from the rotor, and the said annulusbeing provided with a distributing steam chamber and steam nozzles directed toward the buckets, and a seping side of therotor and provided With aarate controllable steam conduit for the distributing chamber in each annulus.

In .testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. SEELYE. Witnesses: F. W. REED,

IRENE INGRAM.

65 vdiately located,'said casing having inwardly

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