US947160A - Adjustable apparatus for the construction of cement buildings. - Google Patents

Description

N. o. NEWER?. l ADJUSTABLE APPARATUS POR THE CONSTRUCTION 0F CEMENT BUILDINGS.

. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1907. l

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Patented Jams 2 SHEETS- SHEET 1.

CONSTRUCTION OF CEMENT BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1907.

Patented Jan. 18,1910.

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NICHOLAS C. NEWERF, F B/FFALQ' NEW YORK.

ADJUSTABLE APPARATUS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CEMENT BUILDINGS.

Specification of 'Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1.8, 1910.

Application filed. June 25, 1907. Serial No. 380,679.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, Nici-roms C. Nnwniir, of Buffalo, in thecounty of Erie, State oit New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement i'n Adjustable Apparatus for the Construction of Cement Buildings; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication, and to the ligures and letters of reference marked thereon.

-The invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus employed in the con struction of walls and partitions of huildings where cement or artificial st one' is placed in position when in a plastic con'- dition to constitute, when set, the walls or partitions in monolithic form.

The object of the present invention is to provide a means or apparatus whereby not only will the walls and partitions he more satisfactoryv in respectto strength and economy of construction, butthe building operations may loe so harmonized that the labor and time consumed in placing the ma` terials and in changii'ig the i'orms from one f position to another may he `greatly reduced.'

A further object is to provide an apparatus which may he successfully employed hy relatively unskilled labor. Referring to the accoinpanying,I draiw ings-Figure l is a perspective view ot a section of wall and aplmratusl employed in its construction embodying the present iniproveinents Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation showing details of construction not appar-` Fig. 3 1s a detail section through a portion of the wall showing` some of the fprnis and a facing sectionwith thoy 4means i'or separating said facing section from the rough interior portion of the wall. Fig. 4 is a detail elevation of one of the internal collapsible forms. Fig. 5 is a de! tail ofthe preferred pulley arrangement :tor elevating the woi'kmcns s'caifold.- Fig. 6 is Aa section of the foraniinous partition for #eparatingT the facing section from the body ot the wall. Fig. 7 is a view of one of the holders for said fol'aminous partition. Fig. 8 is a ldetail of the preferred forni of track for the coniv'eyerhuckets and its hanger.

4Like clnxracters'o'f reference in the several figures indicate the same parts. i

v.Ihe present invention is designed for building either hollow or solidv walls, laut" Ainasmuch as the hollow7 wall construction is that' most generally adopted, particularly for the outside walls of buildings, the apy paratus illustrated is adaptedfor the formation of walls of this character.

In accordance with the present invention it is proposed tovdispense, as far as possible, with the necessity of employing scaffolding which must be supported from the surface o1 theA ground and to provide an apparatus which finds itself supported entirely on the previously completed portions of the wall or partitions, as the case may be, such apparatus einhodying'not only the means for retaining the :forms in place and shifting them from one position to another as the building of the wall progresses, but als' the supporting means 'for the scaffolding on `which the workmen stand or sit during the distributing and tamping operations incidental in the construction of walls of the character described. I

ln accordance with the ideas just outlined,

the foundations having been laid, the walls have incorporated in them, preferably at the level of the top ot' the base or foundations suitable sul'iportiiig and tie pieces A, which may be tubular throughout or formed with sockets at the ends for the reception of the screw threaded ends of supports B, adapted to project heynd the faces of the wall and to receive the lower ends. of standards C. Said standards C are preferably tubular so as to atl'ord the greatest strength for a given weight and the number of standards employed may be varied in accordance with the strength of the forms employed. Thus, where the forms are of light construction and liable to he deflected by the pressure of material between standards, a greater nuniber of standards vwould be required, but in ordinary practiceA said standards may be located approximately six feet apart, and hence this number of tie pieces and supports should be located in proper positions in the lpialls at` the floor level. l`he length of the kstandards C may l' he varied in accordance with the requirements of any particular building, but4v they are preferably of such lengtlias to 'extend from one lloor level to a considerable .distance ahovfe the next. hio'her floor level, inasmuch as itis propose to' buiid from one loor level'to a point a few feet abo've .the next Hoor. ljevel'before shift-r ing theuprights fi'ompone position to anare connected-.by cross pieces D, usually removably heldin place by pins d passing down into the uprights and said cross pieces D constitute 'the supporting means for the hanging portionsof the structure. vWhen the uprignts and crossipieces are assembled in position, as shownyin Eigs. l andQ, they may beconnected by'ibrace rods E remov ably attached thereto in anysnitableman ner so as to facilitate'the Separation of the parts when it becomes necessary to shift the apparatus from one position to another. l.

'lhe supporting pieces 1B preferably extend into the vfacesfolfthewalls, inotherl words, the tiepieces A terminatel within saidvfaces; thus when they wall is completed the supports B may be readily removed and the small openings left by their removal filled with cement or plastic material cor! responding to that of 'which the walls are formed. 'lhe 'body' portions of said support B also extendafpsuificient distance beyond the walls to permit'of the insertion ofthe outside forms F f-hetween the outer faces of Athe walls and ,theuprights C, whereby said 'forms will be heldwagainst odtward deflection and will constitute; the retainers for the plastic material as it 1s placed in position sind tamped.' The internal hollow space is ,produced by locating internal collapsibleA orms Gin position on the tie pieces A and in the preferred arrangement these collapsible" forms are provided with toggle links g adapted to be Hexed upwardly as shown in ,'Fig. 4, when it is desired to collapse the vforms and draw them up toa higher level.

It is also preferred that the internal collapsible forms shall be made,- in relatively narrowisections and a succession of them einployed as shown in Fig. 3, although if desired one ortwo may be employed in :torming a narrow section of wall and upon their removal, short tie pieces H maybe inserted pieces for supporting them in their next higher position, as shown in Fig.- 2., the tie pieces H also serving in the completedwall as additional'ties. between the inner and outer sections of the wall. As the work progresses,

the su'ccessive sections of the wall are formed inv the spaces left betweenthe forms and ad-v ditional formsV are added Aas required, but

in order to prevent any possible outwardnemenA for supporting the scadolds L on which the workmen stand. The scaliolds L may be located on one or both sides of the Wall as occasion requires and they are prevented from ,swinging by connections 'L extending.; to the uprights and suitably connected thereto by any temporary fastenings. For convenience 'the ropes L" which support the scaffolds may be held against reverse niovcment by automatic clamped?, asQ'shownv clearly in Fig. 2, thus when the workmen. desire to elevate the scafi'old they may do so without the necessity of tying` the ropes, which in operationsi'of/.this kind, would require some special skill to guard against accident. Y

To facilitate handling; the material of which the wall is composed. an adjustable track M is mounted on hangers N suspended trom the cross' pieces D, preferably between the nprights C and in the space to be subsequently occupied by the wall itself, thus the material maybe loaded into buckets such as indicated at O, in Fig. 2, elevated to the track and hung on trolleys O 4by which thevbuclrets may be conveyed around the wallv to any suitable position and `dumpedby the workmen by simply releasing' thetrap doors o in the bottoni of the buckets. `Where hollow walls are to' be formed the buckets are preferably provided with discharge apertures at each side of a center partition o', .in order to direct the material to each face of'tiiewall, and, in

thecenier or collapsible forms are preferably provided with zurxnrerted- V- addition shaped cover g" as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. l The hangers N on which the track M is mounted are made vertically adjustable and are adapted'to be held in place by cross` f braces N extending between the upriu'hts C at suitable points. While any` preferred means for adjusting,l the hangers N and for holding the lower ends of said hangers in proper position transversely ot the wall may be used, it is preferred to employ a simple arrangement `of pins, such as indicated at 73, n. Tn Fig. 8 a preferred form of hanger and track is shown in which the hanger has a stirrup N2 at the lower end whereby the track may be brbughtdrectly in line with the overhead pointI of support and the track itseli is removably mounted on the stirriip and held in place by pins N3 projecting upwardly from thestirrup and adapted to enter or pass through sockets or openings in the iange of the rail M. lith this construction, not only may the parts be readily taken down and reassembled, but

`a`wide latitude for adjustment is provided both vertically and horiaontally. Thus, for instance, rthe track may be properly iuclined to c'ause the buckets to travel around or along the wall by gravity and by a proper ofi?, leo

ylateral adjustment the discharge may be around Window and doorcasings or 4other obstructions which 1t may be desirable on' necessaryto include in the Wall construction. vlVhcre Window or door casinos are oi unusual thickness, leaving insuiiicient transverse space for the buckets, said window or door easings are preferably made in` sections. Thus, as shown in Fig. 2, the lwer half of a window casing' is in positionk at l) and the track is elevated to a point above the half section ot the casing, in Which position the buckets are in convenient reach of the Workmen and at the same time the section of the casing does not interfere With the movement of the buckets.

W here it is desired to form a wall With a casing having a diiierent character from the 4body portion of the Wall, as for instance, a

to torni the facing sections simultaneously,l

with the body of the wall, and for this purpose there is introduced into the Wall a foraininous partition, preferably a simple wire. mesh partition Q, Figs. 3 and 6,' which is held distcnded and in position by vertical rods g, with Awhich removable: brackets Q carried by the forms` may engage. Having positioned the partition orldiaphragm as the niire mesh Q. may be vtermed, the coarse nmaterial for the body of the wall is dumped in between the forms on the, inner sit-lect the partition and the iiner material which is to constitute the facing of the Wall is dumped on the outer side 'of said partition. The openings through the partition permit the tivo materials to unite thereby constituting a n'ionolithic structure but the characteris-V tition constitutes a' strengthening or` reintitl torccn'ient for the Wall and to this extent is a mechanical advantage. v

ln construct iup; a building with apparatus anch as herein described the scadolds and standards are preferably so proportioned 4that the scafiolds will pass up between the joists or T-bca'ius of the floors and ceilimegsi 'the drawings slnw' ]oists or beams at le and the standards 1n proximity thereto supl port the scaiiold While the intermediate up I, rights serve mainly to hold the forms in place. Ties and supports for the standards it will be understood are located at each floor level, but there may be a greater number if found necessary or desirable to properly carry the load and distribute the strains in theavall, for it is the intention that the whole apparatus shall be supported by the previously formed and portion of the Walha given height ot wall, say one story, being` completed before the apparatus is reassembled at a higher level In every instance a portion ot the wall should be completed above the stays and supports of stiflicient height to hold the standards when shifted to' new positions. in practice, when the stays and supports are located at floor 'level it is found sufficient to completeV the iyalls to the Window sill level of the next story and after it has set or hardened the whole a paratus is elevated and positioned on the higher supports, the lower supports being vremoved and'the holes lett therebyiilled with the plastic composition.

before lthe adjustable 4knockdownv frame is taken to pieces and assembled' in its higher position, provision is made for spreading the standards without destroying their eiciency as portionsv of ,the trarne. This object may be accomplished by providing additional holes T in the top cross pieces for the pins d, thus the pins may be withdrawn, the standards spread at the top and the pins dropped into the?, outer holes. .In lieu of this arrangement uthe pins may be made of two diameters as shown at Z2 in Fig.v '2, and when partially draivn out, or drawn out until the smaller diameter holds the standards, the latter may then be separated sutticiently to release-the outside forms and this latter may be readily drawn up by ropes passing over the pulleys on the cro/ss pieces. While the standards are being spread," the clamps I will operate to hold them until, the desired adjustment has been etliected.

Yt-lavinzgf thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to'secure by Letters Patent, is

l.' ln an apparatus for facilitating the building of concrete walls, the combination with the following` instriunentalities, to wit', 'forms between which the plastic material is placed, standards for holding said. :forms in position detachably connected together ,through the previously completed portion of the' wall below the t'orms and cross-pieces detachably connecting said standards at the upper ends, adjustable clamps connecting 'said standards in proximity to the terms and a convey-er track suspended below the cross piece and between the standards for y In order to releasethe outside forms and permit them to be raised to the door above,`

transporting concrete along` the Wall; substantially as described.

2. ln apparatus for facilitating the con@ struction of concrete walls, the combination of the'v following instrumentalities, to wit, `forms between which the plastic material is laced, a. skeleton frame embracing said forms for retaining the same in position and a conveyer track adjustably suspended from said skeleton frame. in position to convey material along the wall; substantially as described.

.justed substantially as described.

in an apparatus for facilitating the construction of concrete. walls, the combi* nation of the following instrumentalities, to wit, forms between which the plastic material is place standards on opposite sides of .said forms, removable supports mounted in the wall below'said forms, a removable. cross piece connecting the upper ends of the standards, a eonveyer track suspended from said last mentioned cross piece. and a scaffold suspended from `said last mentioned cross piece on the outer sidel of the uprlghts; sub'- .s antiaily .as described. y

-. Igan; apparatus for facilitating the. con, tion with forms between which theplastic material is placed, Aa Alrneck-down frame embodying standards, 'detachably` connected at their, upper ends, and scafiolds suspended from the skeleton franieofa tie mounted in action of concrete Walls, the combinathe wall below the forms, and removable supports for the standards and skeleton frame mounted in the ends of said' tie below the forms; substantially as described.

(5. In apparatus for facilitating the simultaneous construction ofA the body portion and facing of concrete walls the combination with forms between which the plastic Lniaterial is placed, of a foraminous diaphragm forming a permanent part of the wall and vertically arranged between said forms for separating the materials forming the body portions and Afacing of the' Wall and means for maintaining said diaphragm in position; substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for facilitating the simultaneous construction of the body portion and .facing of concrete walls, the combination with the forms between which'the plastic material is placed, of a vertically arranged foraminous partition forming a perinanent. part of the wall for separating the materials to form the body and facing -of the wall, .vertical rods for retaining said partition in position, Vand removable brackets for cooperation with said rods substantially as described.

' 8. In apparatus for facilitating thecon struction o concrete walls, thecombination with a knock-down skeleton frame embodying means for attachinv the same to the outer sides of the walls previously cornpleted and embodying cross pieces at the top, of vertically adjustable hangers carried by said cross-pieces and located between standards of the knockdown frame, a removable conveyer track carried by the said hangers and removable braces for `position` ing the lower ends of said hangers; substantiaily as described. Y

.NICHOLAS C. ANllVERF.' Witnesses ALEX. S. STEUART, THOMAS DURANT.

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