US945873A - Oil-burner. - Google Patents

Description

H. B. STILZ.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1a. 1908.

Patented Jan. 11,1910.

. HOV/765565 fihn/ MAX Bath, in the county of Sagadahoc and State ciently atomized to cause perfect combustion 5 suing fluid to be atomized to such an extent HARRY B. STILZ, or BATH, MAINE. I

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1910.

Application filed November 18, 1908. Serial No. 463,170.

To all whom it may concern: I Be it known that I,'HARnY B. S'rmz, a citizen of the United States,- residing at ofMaine, have invented a new and useful Oil-Burner, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to improvements in oil burners in which the oil is atomized principally by mechanical means; and the objects of my improvement are, first, to construct a burner which will eiiiciently burn any of the different kinds of fuel oil used in practice; second, to reduce to a minimum the amount of air or steam used as an atomizing agency, when starting the flame; third, to produce an oil s ray, which, when under normal firing conditions Wlll be, sufiiwithout the aid of an external at'omizing fluid, and fourth, to render'the system simple and easily accessible for cleaning.

Since it is essential that fuel oil be first partially vaporized before it is suitable for combustion, and that the vaporization be effected with extreme rapidity, the successful burners employ means for breaking the oil into a fine mist or spray, which can read-' furnace, as well as be intimately mixed with the supply of air for supporting combustion. Nozzles of the centrifugal type, which deliver a jet having a high rate of rotation as well as a rectilinear velocity, cause the isthe oil.

that, when operating in conjunction with an ample supply of air into a furnace with established i h temperature, complete combustion is e ected. When starting the combustion, however, conditions are such that auxiliary means are useful to bring desired results. At this stagethe oil should preferably be diluted with air, steam, or other gaseous fluid, which affords an additional agency for not only inducing a strong current of air supply but also for distributing the atomized oil through a large Volume. Rapid evaporation and combustion of the small portion of oil coming into contact with the igniter, generates ample heat to ignite the whole jet and with a high temperature within the furnace and a natural or forced draft once established, the centrifugal action of the jet alone breaks the oil into such fine particles that the external atomizing agency can be reduced to a mini- 1 the axiso'f the nozzle; Fig. 2 1s a section through the axis of the nozzle and Fig. 3 is a plan view of the burner with a part of the furnace shown in section.

The nozzle, composed of an outer casing 1 into which is fitted a center 2, is constructed so as to form an annular space which gradually decreases in diameter to that of the orifice 3 through which the discharge is made. Oil and steam are forced through ports 4. and 5 respectively into this annulus near its largest diameter in a line approximately tangential to the same and in direc tions as indicated in order to produce a rotation of the fluids therein in a given direction. The areas of the ports 4 and 5 and the orifice 3 are kept small in order that the velocities of rotation and projection may be great, so that the energy producing the same may be effectively utilized for disintegrating In order to keep the nozzle free of any solid particles which maybe present in the oil, a filter is fitted in the oil supply pipe. This filter has a threaded top 7, easily removable, on which is connected a sieve 8 of fine mesh through which the oil is obliged to pass before entering the nozzle. The sieve 8 can easily be cleaned or replaced by a new one by simply disconnecting it from the top 7 around which it is secured. Oil is supplied to the burner through pipe 9 by any suitable means for delivering the oil to the system at the required pressure. Steam is supplied through the pipe 10 from a suitable generator, at a pressure preferably greater than is maintained in the oil pipe and the supply of steam is regulated by the valve 11.

In Fig. 3 the nozzle and filter are shown fastened'to plate 12 in front of the furnace 13. The jet is introduced into the furnace through an opening shown in the center of plate 12 and ports 14 for the admission of air are arranged through the channel bar which incloses the s ace between plate 12 and plate 15 which Forms the front of the fire box. In starting a fire, a suitable igniting flame is properly placed within the furnace and oil'under a pressure 25 pounds per square inch or more is introduced into the nozzle through conduit 9. Steam is likewise admitted to the nozzle through the conduit 10 and the'rate of supply controlled by the valve 11. The tWo fluids mix within the annular space of the nozzle and on issuing from the orifice 3 at a high velocity they induce a strong current of air. When the current of air is suppliedto the furnace by either forced or natural draft the supply of steam may be cut off after the combustion has been properly established, the mechan-. ical atomization of the oil alone proving sufficient under these conditions.

It will be understood that other gases than steam may be used for the atomizing fluid and that departures from the actual construction, such as a change in the relative positions of the mixing chamber and ports, as Well as the number of the latter, can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention for which I claim:

1. A nozzle having an annular space in connection with a concentric orifice, ports leading into said space tangential to said annulus and directed so as to produce rotation in like direction, and conduits for conveying fluid under pressure to said ports.

2. A nozzle having a restricted discharge orifice and independent inlets for a gaseous fluid and a liquid, there being a passage from each of sand inlets to the discharge orifice, said passages having a portion in common which forms a mixing chamber, and each of said passages being arran ed to produce a rotary motion in the fluid passing therethrough toward the discharge orifice.

3. A nozzle having an annular space decreasing gradually in diameter and terminatin in a small centraldischarge orifice, there being ports leading into said space at the larger end thereof along lines at an angle to radii extending from the axis, and conduits connected with said ports for delivering thereto an oil and a gaseous fluid under pressure.

LA nozzle having an annular space in communlcation with a concentric orifice,

there being ports leading into said space along lines at an angle to the radii of the annulus, and directed so as to produce rotation in like direction, conduits for conveymg fuel oil and a gaseous fluid under pressure to said ports, and means for closing the conduit for supplying the gaseous fluid.

HARRY 13. STILZ.

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