US943189A - Steam-generator, superheater, and feed-water heater. - Google Patents

Description

E. A. HAUGHTON. STEAM GENERATOR, SUPERHEATER, AND FEED WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 1909.

Patented Dec. 14, 1909.

mung-run ATT'OR'NEYS;

iii

generator assembled FRANK A. HAUGHTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-GENERATCR, SUPERHEATER, AND FEED-WATER HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. is, 1909.

Application filed. March 13, 1909. Serial No. 483,146.

'1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, FRANK A. HAUcn'roN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Flushing, borough of Queens, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- (lenerators, Superheaters, and Feedater lleatel' of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in steam generators of the fire tube type.

lhe principal objects of the invention are to increase the steam generating capacity of the boiler; to'utilize the highest possible per cent. of heat from the gases of combustion and to furnish dry or highly superheated steam to the engine. I

These and other objects of the invention are effected by means such as illustrated in the'accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is longitudinal section of a steam generator of the fire tube type embodymg my improvements. F 2 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a steam generator of the fire tube type showing the feed water heater, the steam heater, and the steam in a manner to be readily separable from each other.

Referring now to Fig. 1; in the shell 1, of a. fire tube boiler, a fire box 2, the steam dome 3, the fire tubes 4, and the smoke box A front tube sheet (5 and intermediate tube sheets 7 and 8 divide the shell into three separate chambers, to wit, a generator 22, a steam heater 9, and a feed water heater 1.0. The fire tubes pa through the several chainhers and are expanded in the tube sheets. Diaphragms 11-41 in the feed ater chum her 10, serve as baille pla cs to direct the circulation of water around the tubes 2-, which latter also pass through the baillc plates. A feed water pipe 14: delivers Water to the pre liminary water heater l0, and a pipe 15 dolivers the water l'rom the water heater 1!) to the steam generator. A main steam pipe it; connects the steam dome to the steam heater and a main steam pipe 17, controlled by the throttle valve 13, connects the superluratcr f; to the ov'linders. ln the bottom oi. the preli'minary water heating chamber is a blowoi't cock 20, and, in the delivery pipe i5, is i check valve 2i, the latter preventing any ba k [low from the gown-M01222- to the prelin'iinary water heater 1.0. In the shell of the steam heater is a hole 23 for the safety valve.

in the modification shown in Fig. 2, the

generator chamber, the steam heating cham her. the preliminary Water heating chamber, and the smoke box, are again designated by 22, ll, l0 and 5, respectively. Q-l are the fire tubes in the generator terminating in a tube sheet 25. 2c are the fire tubes in the steam heating chamber secured to the tube sheets steam heating chamber 9, 9, with which the generator is in constant coimnumcalmn.

The steam on entering the chamber 9 is di rected down between the the tubes *l by the battle plate 12, thus receiving a preliminary heating by contact with the highly heated lire tubes. The steam then passes under the battle plate 12 upward again between the tire tubes, through the throttle valve 13, and the steam pipe 17 to the cylinders. It will be observed that in its passage through the chamber 5), the steam is first passed over the tubes of a lower and. then of a higher temporal u re, tor the reason that the temperature oil the lire tub is higher toward the lire box and lower toward the smoke box. The

safety valve is located at some convenient point near the outlet from the steam heater so as to cause a circulation of trom the generator between the tubes in too steam heater when the tl .rottle valve is closed and the steam aessure rises to the blowing otl' point, which usually occurs with a hot lire, immediately after closing the throttle valve thuscontributing to the protection of the tubescin the steam heater from the high temperature oi? the lire in. the tubes.

The feed water enters the preliminary heater it), through the it 2d pipe 14-, preferably at the top as shown, and is directed downward by a iirst ballle plate ll. Passing under this plate ll, the water is direct ed up ward by a second ballle plate 11 to the top of the same, again downward by reason ot a third bali'le plate 11, under the latter, and finally upiva rd to the outlet ln this passage ll'nougl'i the chamber 10 We water has stea in ill!) surccssire y en aged lire tubes of increasing degrees ol temperature and has in consequence attained a high temperature when it rerche the sau Zct il The feed Water entering the heater and bet-outing heated, will, in pass. deuvnward l. et\ .'cen the tire tubes, precipitate a large proportion of the lime or other impurities usually held in Follll ion to a greater or less extent in most teed \Ytl'ttl'S. This precipitate will be deposited t the botom oil the healer and may be blown out by he blowoll cool: 20. The reversal oi downward to upward low of the feed Water in passing under the first baille plate 11 will also cause a deposit of nnidor sedinient at the bottom oi. the heater which will also be blown out when the cock 90 operates. in this manner a large proportion of the scale thing substances in the water are preventtrom reaching the generator. The feed water "forced from the heater by the pressure set up therein by the force of the injector or f d pump through thetccd pipe 1 1-, and it lion's through the feed water delivery pipe 15 into the generator at the outlet 18 ivhich is directed preferablv away 7 ,1 -r' a J n 'ru r trom the tube snect (5, as shonnfi. 4.116 dehvcry pipe provided with the check valve 21 to prevent any baclt l'low into the heater,

The delivery pipe is extended downward from the top of the shell into the heater at 19 thereby trapping," any steam or air above the. level of the bottom of the pipe. This steam or air acts as a cushion when the injector or pump is in operation. Any steam generated in the feed water heater will llow into the generator through the delivery pipe 15 whenever the pressure in the heater rises above that of the generator, and such connection therefore acts as an automatic safcty relief from excessive pressure in the heater.

It Will be observed that the fire tubes e29 tend continuously from the fire box 2 to the sn'ioli'c box 53. The hot gases in the tubes gradually give up their heat during their lion, finally emerging; into the smoke box at a greatly reduced tenipcratin'c. It is r'ell known that the thermal ei'licicncy of any boiler is dependent on the quantity of heat absorbed from the products of con'ibustion. Any means therefore which provides for the absorption of additional heat from the products ot conilaistion, by the feed Water,

.1) the eneration o'l steam. or o the super heating thereof, will increase the economy of the apparatus. With. this in mind, I have combined in my invention. a feed Water heater, a superlmater, and a generator, in sequence or tandem with each other, the feed water heater being located at the coldest end of the lire tubes, the superhcater next, and the generator next in succession. Furthermore, I nave arranged for the cold feed water to enter the Water heater at its coldest end adjacent thefsmoke box, thereby reducing the temperature of the gases emerging; into the smoke box to the lowestpossible temperature.

In Fig. 1, l have shown the fire tubes continuous from the fire box throughout the generator, super-heater, and feed Water heater, as the simplest form of the invention.

in Fig. 2, I show the superheater andfeed Water heater separable from each ther, and from the generator, for convenience in construction and facility in making repairs. V

In the structure of Fig. 2; 25, 27,28, 30' 80. and 31 are separate tube sheets into which the tubes 24: of the enerator, 26 of the su- *perheater, and 29 o the feed water heater, are expanded steamtight; the tubes in eachchamber being independent, of each other, and reg stering with one another at the points of separation so that the ases of combustion may pass continuously rom the lire box to the smoke box Without interruplion or obstruct-ion.

I am aware that fire tube superheaters combined with fire tube boilers are already known in the art, and I am also aware that feed Water heaters obtaining their heat from the flue gases are not new, but I am not aware that a superheater or afeed water heater of the typehereinbefore described has ever been used, or that a superheater'and a feed Water heater have been combined in a fire tube boiler as hereinbefore set forth.

hat I claim is:

it. in a fire tube boiler, the steam generator, a feed Water, preheater, a steam superheater, connections from the feed Water pre-' heater to the steam generator and from the latter to the steam superheater, and fire tubes in the encrator, superheater and feed Water heater forming passages substantially continuous through all three of the same for I the products of combustion.

2. In a tire tube boiler, a steam generator,

a feed water preheater, and a stcamsuperheater, each of these. parts separable from the other and hztving means whereby each may be attached to the adjacent part, tube heads and fire tubes for each of the parts, the tubes being so positioned in each part as to register with the tubes of the next part to form continuous passages through the several parts when the same are assenrv bled, connections from the feed Water pre heater to the steam generator, and from th latter to the steam superheaten In a fire tube boiler, the steam generator, a feed Water preheater, and a steam superhcatcr intermediate the generator and the Water preheater, an inlet to thowateri .preheaterrcmote from thc generator, a Water connection to the generator froma point, or" the water preneater intermedlate the 111-- let thereot and 'the gtalerator, nection from the generator to superheater remote therefrom outlet to the cylinders from a Huperheater intermediate the and generator.

4. In a tire tube boiler, phragms dividing the boiler hers arranged in tandem longitudinally o" the boiler, one of said chambers being a a point of the anda steam point of the inlet thereof transverse dialnto three chamsteam generator, another a steam superheater, and a third a water preheater, and

tire tubes in each of said chambers forming passages continuous through the three rlnunbers for the products of combustion.

5. In a lire tube boiler, transverse diaphragms dividing the boiler into three chambers arranged in tandem longitudi mlly ol the boiler, one of said ohan'lbers being a steam gemarator, another a steam superheater, and a third a water prcheater, the tubes in each of said chambers forming passages continuous through the three chambers for the products of combustion, and means in the steam superheater and in the water preln-ater for providing a circuitous path for the fluids passing theretrhroug a steam eon (3. In a lire tube water preheater, a steam superheater,

lire tubes m the generator, superheater and 5 iinuous through all of ll preheater 'lorn-iing passages substantially con- 1e same for the procla pipedepending at one upper part of the Water preheater and opening at its other end in the steam space of the generatm, and a connection from the generator to the superheater.

T. In a tire tube boiler, a steam generator, water preheater. and a steam superuelsof combustion, end into the heater, the intermediate of said elements be- M mg the steam superheater, connections from the feed Water preheater to the steam generator, and from the latter to the steam superheater, and ire tubes in the generator, the superheater and the feed Water preheater forming passages substantially continuous thrtmghall three of the same for the products of combustion.

Signed by me at New York, N. Y. this 8th day of March 1909.

FRANK A. HA UGHTON. \Vi tnesscs \V, H. HEAGERTY, 1 J. ERWIN.

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