US942361A - Gas-producer. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IN Vf/V TOR 0. K. ZWINGENBERGER.

GAS PRODUGEB.

APPL'loATIoN FILED JUNE 21, 1909*. 942,36 1

WITNESSES: M 7%. W

0. K. ZWINGENBERGER.

` GAS PRODUCER.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 21, 1909.

Patented Deo. "i, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

0. K. ZWINGENBERGER.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLIoATIoN FILED JUNE 21, 1909.

.Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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OTTO KONRAD ZWINGENBERGER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

eas-PRODUCER.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO KONRAD ZwIN- GENBERGER, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing in New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State 0f New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Gras-Producers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in coking-ovens which are intended for coking fuels and especially fuels of less value, such as bituminous coal, lignite, peat and the like, for the production of coke and gas for power, heating and illuminating purposes, free from tarry and other substances, by which the value of the gas is diminished; and for this purpose the invention consists of a combustion-chamber and a coking-chamber embodying the novel features of construction which will be fully described hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section of my combination gas-producer on line l, l Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section on line 2, 2, Fig. l; modifications of the combination gas-producer are demonstrated by Figs. 36; Fig. 3 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a square modification on line 3, 3 Fig. 4 and Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4, 4 Fig. 3; Fig. 5 furthermore represents a vertical longitudinal section of a round modification of the combination gas-producer on line 5, 5 Fig. 6 and Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6, 6 Fig. 5.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, a is the combination gas-producer, forthwith simply called oven,7 which is of rectangular or other shape and the walls of which are made of fire-bricks in the usual manner. At the upper end of the oven is a hopper with a bell b1 that closes the contracted end of the neck of the hopper, through which the fuel, which is to be changed into coke and gas, is supplied in suitable intervals so as to keep the oven in continuous operation.

The oven is divided into two communicating chambers by a transverse partition Z which terminates at some distance below the top. This partition 0l is diminished in thickness at the middle portion d1. A grate g is arranged at one side of the partition d to which air may be supplied by means of a sup- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed .Tune 21, 1909.

Patented Dec. 7, 1909. serial No. 503,518.

ply-pipe z, the air passing to the fuel through the grate g after the fuel is ignited. The chamber formed above grate g by wall a and partition CZ is narrower at its lower end and the noses l and 2'2 extending toward the middle of the chamber are provided with scallops to all low a better access of the air to a greater surface of the fuel. At the opposite side of the partition d shutters .c1 and k2 are arranged through which the gases may pass freely. The part of the oven below the plates L1 and L2 contains a system of water-tubes m filled with water which is circulating through this tube-system by means of the' supply-pipe m1 and m2 from and to the tank n. By a suitable arrangement of partitions p, p1, 792, etc., the gases are made to pass in a zig-Zag way along those waterfilled tubes in order to give oif the heat they are carrying and to leave the coking chamber through the exit 0 to the point of use. The coke is drawn. out through the openings g and g1 and the column of coke is broken up while sliding downward by the saddle r.

The combustion chamber is formed by wall a and partition a? above grate g. The combustion-process in this chamber may be regulated from two different standpoints as may be required by the conditions.7 ln one case one blows in air in order to obtain the possibly greatest heat whereas in the other case one blows in air and steam and regulates its quantity according to the rules for gas-producers in order to obtain a gas of a certain mixture right from the very start. No matter how one conducts this combustion-process, owing to the fresh fuel in the upper regions of this combustion chamber tarry substances and steam are generated which pass with the combustion gases over the partition wall d into the chamber at the opposite side of the partition where the fuel is dried and coked by the high temperature of the gases and the heat radiating from the combustion-chamber. The gases, the tarry substances and the steam pass through the high column of glowing fuel, so that the tarry substances are decomposed and transformed into permanent gas, while the steam acts on the glowing carbon. ln case one runs the combustion-chamber with the highest obtainable temperature the carbonio acid gas generated in the combustion chamber is then reduced in the coking chamber owing to the high temperature to carbon-monoxid which is of high value in gases for powerpurposes; one part of the generated coke is consumed by this reduction process.

rIhe partition 'cl has especially the purpose to separate the material to be treated in the coking chamber from that of the combustion-chamber as in the latter the least valuable fuel owing to high ashcontent is burned up as otherwise the better grade of the coking-material would be affected by the combustion process and by mixing with the ash, so by separating it by means of the partition a high grade of coke is obtained and the labor to clean the coke is saved.

The gases having passed the column of glowing coke pass through the shutters l and k2 and giving off their heat while striking the water-tube-system m they pass along the partitions p, p1, p2, etc., and leave the oven through exit 0. By radiation of the heat also the glowing coke gives olf a great deal of its heat and the tank n must be of strong construction and carry all accessories like' a regular boiler. The location of the boiler is of no importance and may have any place.

I am well aware that further changes in the form and proportion of parts and details of construction herein shown and described can be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing the advantage thereof, and I therefore reserve the right to make such changes as fall within the scope of the same as I claim them part of my invention. If one considers the combination of one combustion chamber A and one coking chamber B as a unit, such units may be united together in series.

The coking-chamber B is benefited by arranging the combination furnaces in series as then the heat of 2 combustion-chambers A is acting on one coking-chamber B and the temperature in B is more uniform. The erection of such a series of combustion-furnaces will be the rule in cases where much power is wanted or the production of coke is desirable.

In cases where the conditions do not require such a series of combination furnaces it may be of advantage to build the combination-furnace in a round shape as demonstrated by Figs. 5 and G, both chamber .l and chamber B having the same central axis and then the tube like coking-chamber B being all surrounded by the combustion chamber A, or, in case a square shaped combination furnace is preferred one supplies the combination furnace with 2 combustion chambers A and Al acting one one cokingchamber B as demonstrated by Figs. 3 and l. The effect of the great temperature on the carbonic acid gas, the tar and in regard to the action of the steam on the glowing coke is just as great as in the case where the combination-furnaces are united in series. In the case of two combustion-chambers and l coking-chamber there are no material changes in the construction; for the greater cooling` effect of the water on the gas one provides for the gas two exits o and o1 as seen in Fig. 3.

By providing the coking chamber with a grate s in about the height of grate g or in about the height of grates g and g] respectively one can turn the whole quantity of generated coke into water-gas by blowing in steam on top of the coking chamber by means of pipe t or a couple of such pipes. This quantity-of steam must be regulated in regard to the quantities of steam as generated in the combustion-chambers and the whole amount of steam must be given consideration in regard to the amount of fixed carbon of the fuel.

The oven can be operated as required, either under high or low pressure. The advantages of the oven consist in the possibility to use the cheapest kind of low grade fuels as the source of heat for the coking process whereas in nearly all coking proeesses a great part of the generated gas must be sacrificed for this purpose; furthermore in making a good coke from low grade fuel at a low cost; in an increased yield of useful gases and the better quality of the same owing to the decomposition of the tarry substances and the facility to reduce the carbonic acid to carbon monoxid in a much greater extent than is possible in the gasproducers; in the facility to run the coking chamber by building in a grate and by blowing in steam on top of the coking chamber as a continuous water-gas producer in its plain construction and low cost of erection.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A combination gas-producer consisting of a coking chamber and a combustion chamber, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, said combustion chamber having a gratie at the lower end thereof, a water-tube system with a supply tank, located below said chambers, and constructed to cool the outgoing gases, a supply pipe at the lower part of the combustion chamber for air or a mixture of air and steam, outlets for the coke, an outlet for the gases leading from the lower portion of the producer structure and shutters located between the coking chamber and the water tubes system for the protection of the tubes.

2. A combination gas-producer consisting of a coking chamber and a combustion chamber, said combustion chamber being provided with scallops at t-he lower contracted end, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, a watertube system with supply tank, located below llO said chambers, and constructed to cool the outgoing gases, a supply pipe at the lower part of the combustion chamber for air or a mixture of air and steam, outlets for the coke, an outlet for the gases leading from the lower portion of the producer structure and shutters located between the cokng chamber and the water tubes system for the protection of the tubes.

3. A combination gas-producer consisting of a cokng chamber and a combustion chamber, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, both of said chambers mounted on an arrangement to contain a water-tube system with a supply tank as a cooling device, a supply pipe at the lower part of the combustion chamber for air or a mixture of air and steam, outlets for the coke, an outlet for the gases leading from the lower portion of the producer structure and shutters located between the cokng chamber and the water-tubes system for the protection of the tubes.

4. A combination gas-producer consisting of a cokng chamber and a combustion chamber, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, both of said chambers mounted on an arrangement to contain a water-tube system with a supply tank, a water-tube system with supply tank as a cooling device, longitudinal or cross sectional partitions terminating in proper distance from the bottom or ceiling of the arrangement respectively to divide the space of this arrangement thus separating the parts of the water-tube system and making the gases go around the water-tubes in a Zig-zag way toward the exit.

5. A combination gas-producer consisting of a cokng chamber and a combustion chamber, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, a watertube system with supply tank, located belowr said chambers, and constructed to cool the outgoing gases, a grate at the lower part of the cokng chamber to transform the coke generated in the same into carbon-mcnoxid and hydrogen by the action of steam on the glowing carbon.

6. A combination gas-producer consisting of a cokng chamber and a combustion chamber, a partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the producer structure separating one chamber from the other, a watertube system with supply tank, located below said chambers, and constructed to cool the outgoing gases, a grate at the lower part of the cokng chamber, means on top of the cokng chamber to supply steam to the top of the cokng chamber and make it pass the whole column of glowing coke.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OTTO KONRAD ZWINGENBERGER.

Witnesses CELIA WOLF, G. MoTzINGnR.

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