US936403A - Process of making filaments for electric incandescent lamps. - Google Patents

Process of making filaments for electric incandescent lamps. Download PDF

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Publication number
US936403A
US936403A US33712206A US1906337122A US936403A US 936403 A US936403 A US 936403A US 33712206 A US33712206 A US 33712206A US 1906337122 A US1906337122 A US 1906337122A US 936403 A US936403 A US 936403A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
filaments
incandescent lamps
electric incandescent
making filaments
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US33712206A
Inventor
Werner Von Bolton
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Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Priority to US33712206A priority Critical patent/US936403A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US936403A publication Critical patent/US936403A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • filaments in suitable lengths having complete homogeneousness and stability by this method can be made from such metal powder by pressing the powder of the metal without adding any non-metallic binding means, into a tube composed of ductile metal, such as tantalum or iron, and then drawing out or rollin this ductile tube together with the meta lic powder which it contains. After the drawing has been completed, the tube or shell of the other ductile metal can, if desired, be easily removed by chemical or mechanical treatment, or by simply melting it away. In order to remove the outer shell chemically the process would of course vary according to the material of which the outer shell is composed. However since tungsten is very difiicult to dissolve.
  • the filament is of sufficient thickness the shellcan generally be melted away or even evaporated by a strong heat. If for example the shell consists of nickel it will evaporate considerably below the melting point of tungsten even if it should have formed an alloy with the same. In some cases there is a certain tendency of the shell to split longitudinally during the rolling process. If this tendency is aided,-the filament may-then be subsequently freed by simply pulling off the outer shell and the filament may then be used. ,In introducing the tungsten powder into the ductile metal tube, particular care must be observed in order thatthe pressing or stamping will be accomplished with the greatest-possible uniformity and in such manner that all traces of air'will be removed.
  • the tube maybe heated in a vacuum to drive out the lasttrace of air. Itis advantageous to. seal the ends of the tube afterthe metal powder has been-inserted in the above described manner. This is best done in a vacuum, by fusing the ends of the tube by an electrical heating. There is no particular difiiculty. connected with sealing the end of' the tube in a vacuum. This may be done in a very simple manner by making the tube form an electrode in an electric vacuum furnace ofthe well known type and by approaching the other electrode to the end which is to be-closed and thereby forming an are which causes an immediate melting and sealing of the endof the tube. The same result may. also be obtained by soldering, welding or any other well known method. The simplest way is to force a plug exactly fitting. the end .of the tube tightly into the opening, whereafter it may be soldered or screwed in.

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WERNER VON BOLTON, or CHARLOT'IJJENB'URG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR r0 SIEMENS & HALSKE, Aye, or BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION or GERMANY.
PROCESS OF MAKING FILAMENTS FOB ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMP S.
No Drawing.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patent edOct. 12,1909.
Application filedOctober 2, 1906. Serial No. 337,122.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WERNER voN BOLTON, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of .Making Filaments for Electric Incandescent Lamps, of which the following is a specification.
'My invent-ion relates to electric incandescent lamps and is more especially concerned with the filaments for such lamps. I
It has already been proposed to produce filaments of tungsten powder or mixtures ofpowdered tungsten and other metals, by pressing the powder under a high pressure in a form corresponding to the completed filament. It ,is impossible, however, to ob-.
tain filaments of satisfactory homogeneousness and stability by this method. On the other hand, however, filaments in suitable lengths having complete homogeneousness and high elasticity can be made from such metal powder by pressing the powder of the metal without adding any non-metallic binding means, into a tube composed of ductile metal, such as tantalum or iron, and then drawing out or rollin this ductile tube together with the meta lic powder which it contains. After the drawing has been completed, the tube or shell of the other ductile metal can, if desired, be easily removed by chemical or mechanical treatment, or by simply melting it away. In order to remove the outer shell chemically the process would of course vary according to the material of which the outer shell is composed. However since tungsten is very difiicult to dissolve.
filament is of sufficient thickness the shellcan generally be melted away or even evaporated by a strong heat. If for example the shell consists of nickel it will evaporate considerably below the melting point of tungsten even if it should have formed an alloy with the same. In some cases there is a certain tendency of the shell to split longitudinally during the rolling process. If this tendency is aided,-the filament may-then be subsequently freed by simply pulling off the outer shell and the filament may then be used. ,In introducing the tungsten powder into the ductile metal tube, particular care must be observed in order thatthe pressing or stamping will be accomplished with the greatest-possible uniformity and in such manner that all traces of air'will be removed. If necessary, after the tube has been filled it maybe heated in a vacuum to drive out the lasttrace of air. Itis advantageous to. seal the ends of the tube afterthe metal powder has been-inserted in the above described manner. This is best done in a vacuum, by fusing the ends of the tube by an electrical heating. There is no particular difiiculty. connected with sealing the end of' the tube in a vacuum. This may be done in a very simple manner by making the tube form an electrode in an electric vacuum furnace ofthe well known type and by approaching the other electrode to the end which is to be-closed and thereby forming an are which causes an immediate melting and sealing of the endof the tube. The same result may. also be obtained by soldering, welding or any other well known method. The simplest way is to force a plug exactly fitting. the end .of the tube tightly into the opening, whereafter it may be soldered or screwed in.
By the above described process, it is easy to obtain a body from an original length of a few centimeters and a diameter of some five or ten millimeters, drawn out into a fine wire only a fraction of a millimeter in diameter. The process is also applicable to the production of thin plates :or strips which have the qualities of excellent firmness and ductility.
It is old to purify tungsten and draw it into filaments without the use of an outer shell. The present process. however differs from that in that metal powder can be used without the previous formation. of a homogeneous fused mass. Furthermore by the present process the' diificulties which are encountered in the drawing'of tungsten by the old method are avoided.
Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patentz- 1. The hereindescribed process for producing filaments which consists in inserting refractory'metal powder into a tube of duetile metal and subsequently working the tube and the refractory metal powder into fila- 5 mentary form.
2. The hereindescribed proces for producing filaments which consists in insertin the refractory metal powder into a tube 0 ductile metal, exhausting the same of air,
0 sealing the ends of said tube and subsequently working the tube and refractory metal into filamentary form.
3.'The hereindescribed process for producing filaments which consists in inserting refractory metal powder into a tube of ductile metal, subsequently working the tube and the refractory metal powder into filamentary form and finally removing the tube from around the refractory metal.
WERNER VON BOLTON.
Witnesses HENRY IIASPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.
US33712206A 1906-10-02 1906-10-02 Process of making filaments for electric incandescent lamps. Expired - Lifetime US936403A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US33712206A US936403A (en) 1906-10-02 1906-10-02 Process of making filaments for electric incandescent lamps.

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US33712206A US936403A (en) 1906-10-02 1906-10-02 Process of making filaments for electric incandescent lamps.

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549249A (en) * 1947-01-22 1951-04-17 Western Union Telegraph Co Method of drawing filled tantalum tubes
US2753262A (en) * 1952-06-27 1956-07-03 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Process of compacting and sintering titanium metal scrap
US3265787A (en) * 1963-02-06 1966-08-09 Ronald J Brandmayr Method of processing ceramic type ferroelectric materials
US3525150A (en) * 1966-01-05 1970-08-25 Philips Corp Method of preparing a superconducting material
US4224085A (en) * 1978-07-21 1980-09-23 The International Nickel Co., Inc. Wire forming process
US4434134A (en) 1981-04-10 1984-02-28 International Business Machines Corporation Pinned ceramic substrate

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549249A (en) * 1947-01-22 1951-04-17 Western Union Telegraph Co Method of drawing filled tantalum tubes
US2753262A (en) * 1952-06-27 1956-07-03 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Process of compacting and sintering titanium metal scrap
US3265787A (en) * 1963-02-06 1966-08-09 Ronald J Brandmayr Method of processing ceramic type ferroelectric materials
US3525150A (en) * 1966-01-05 1970-08-25 Philips Corp Method of preparing a superconducting material
US4224085A (en) * 1978-07-21 1980-09-23 The International Nickel Co., Inc. Wire forming process
US4434134A (en) 1981-04-10 1984-02-28 International Business Machines Corporation Pinned ceramic substrate

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