US934892A - Smelting-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

c.'& J. DEBUS. SMELTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2, 1908.

94,92 Patented Sept. 21, 1909.

v 111 USC- CHRISTI-AN nnnns AND JOSEF DEBUS, or HfiCI-IST-ON-THE-MAIN. GERMANY..

SMELTING-FURNACE ceases.

Specification of Letters Patent. .SBpt. 21, 199%.

Application filed May 2, 1908. Serial Ho.ff;30,547,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN Drums and Josnr DEBUS, SllbJGCtS of the German Emperor, residing at Htichst-on-the-h/I'ain,

Germany, have invented a certain Improved smelting-Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an arrangement of smelting furnaces in which en- I tire use is made of the escaping gases for the preliminary smelting process and by which a more rapid smelting of the metals is effected than is the case when the process is I performed in furnaces of the type at present A saving of fuel is also effected and the crucibles are protected.

In smelting furnaces at present in use,-for a preliminary smelting process the gases escape in a vertical direction through the charge hole for charging the crucibles, provided in the center of the furnace cover.

In consequence of the size of the goods to be smelted the charge hole must be of a large diameter, so that-the gases escape at a very low or no pressure and give very little heat to the metal whichis to be smelted in the charge hole, so that the metal receives a very slow preliminary smelting.

Inorder that the gases which escape can reach the charge hole above the center of the crucibles, which are surrounded by the combustion space, a free space must be provided between the'crucible and the furnace-coveriug. happen "in thisarrangement, that the metal,

instead of falling into the crucible falls into the combustion space and is here burned. In order to obviate tlns, furnaces have been constructed in which a special arrangement was provided by means of which more ef fective use was made of the escaping gases, for example, the furnace was'provided with a special charge hole above the crucible, in which the preliminary smelting was to take place. In this arrangement the heating gases pass through apertures provided in the charge hole into the preliminary heating chamber. By this arrangement an effective working of the furnace is not possible. I

In order to obviate the disadvantages of the first described furnace and 'make more effective use, of the escaping gases, also in comparison with the described furnace, as also facilitate the action of the furnace the furnace is constructed as shown in the accompanying drawing.

line A B Fig. 1.

When charging the crucible it may '70 provided with holes 1'.

Figure vertical section through the oven and Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectlon on The furnace cover a, whichsimultaneously acts as preliminary heater, is provided with.

a number of kne'eshap'e'd and nozzle forin'ed channels 1) arranged in sucha manner and of such longitudinal section that the escaping or heating gases respectively, are guided vertically into the"channelsland alter their.

direction after they have entered the channels so that they act downward upon the goods to be smelted. "These nozzle formed channels terminatein the side walls of the charge hole c and guide the escaping gases from the com .ustion space and to the charge hole 0 during the preliminarysmelting, when the escaping gasesfroin. the various channels b all act upon one point so that the metal in the charge hole '0 is quickly smeltcd. This action due to the special longitudinal section of the clm'nne-Ls'which compel the gases to act downward and it is increased by the factof the channels 7) being in the form of nozzles of decreasing cross section so that no free space between the said crucible and the furnace covering a. The channels are therefore also so arranged in the furnace covering that the heating gases must enter these channels in avertical direction-and not, as nrthc llltlllto arrangements, first change their direction and-then enter from thesi'de or perhaps in some other direction. The outer sheet metal covering f forms around the sheet metal covering g, a circular space it which is divided by a partition wall At its lowerend the outer covering 7 is connected to a ring Z of L section. halves m and m forms the lower closing of the furnace and also that of a chamber at in which partition walls 0, having perforations 7) are provided. The firing space 03 itself is formed of a highly fire resisting and easily exchangeable lining g u and closed at the bottom by the grate halves r and 7" revo lubly mounted in the chamber n. The grate halves r and r, also the door halves m and m, are provided with cuttings through The ring Z with the door which the column t of the support .9 for the crucible passes. The column t is by means of ajchain to which passes over the rollers o and 4) connected to the screw spindle w, so 5 that by means of the'spindle w, the column 23 and the crucible supports are raised and lowered. The guides 02 and w allowthe column to move only in a vertical direction. After the preliminary smelting process in the furnace, according to the present invention, has terminated, the crucible e is slightly. lowered. The gases now partly passdirectly from the firing space between the crucible e v and the furnace covering a and partly through the'channels b and downward into the charge hole. A whirling about of the highly heated gases is thus produced immediately above the crucible whereby the said gases again give out heatto the preliminarily smelted material in the crucible and also heat the said material well from above which is not the case with the hitherto constructed furnaces. I I The furnace is a blast furnace and the air forced in by' a ventilatorenters the space h and by means of the apertures in the partition I: it is distributed over the whole surface'of the furnace. Here the air receives the radiated heat of-the inner covering 5 and it then enters the chamber-n, passes through the holes 7) of the partition 0, and then through .the two grate halves r and 1" into the firing'space d.

hat we claim as our invention-and desire to secure by Letters Patent is' Y 1. In a smelting furnace the combination oia crucible, a combustion space around the crucible, a cover arranged over the'crucible, said" "cover provided with a charge hole 40fadapt'ed to serve as a reliminary heater, kn ee shaped channels whlchare first-directed upward and then downward provided in the saidcoven'said channels leading from the combustion space to thecharge hole and being adapted to cause the heating gases to act-downwardupon the material to' be meltedin the charge hole, the heating gases being only diverted from their upward-direction after having entered the channels, substantially as described. 5

2. In a smelting furnace the combination of a crucible, a combustion space around the ing reduced in the manner of nozzles for the purposeof increasing the action of the gases, substantially as described.

'3. In a smelting furnace the combination of a. crucible, a combustion space around the crucible, a cover-arranged over the crucible, said cover provided with a charge hole and adapted to serve as a preliminary heater, knee shaped channels which are first directed upward and then-downward provided in the said cover, said channels leading from the combustion space to charge hole and being adapted to cause the heating gases to act downward upon the material to be meltedin the charge hole, the heating gases being only diverted from their upward directi'on after having entered the channels, and means for raising and lowering the crucible, substantially as (leSCllbQCl.

4. In a smelting furnace the combination of a crucible, av combustion space around the crucible, a cover arranged over the crucible, said cover provided with a charge hole and adapted to serve as a preliminary heater,

knee shaped channels which are directed first upward and then downward, provided in the cover, said channels leading from the combi'istion space to the charge hole and being reduced in the manner of nozzles for the purpose of increasing the action of the gases, and means for raising and lowering the crucible, substantialtv as described.

a In testimony whereof we have'hereunto signed our names to this specification in the presence o't-two'subscribing witnesses.

, CHRISTIAN DEBUS.

JOSl .I

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