US933889A - Mat. - Google Patents

Description

E. W. CRUIKSHANK. MAT.

APPLICATION FILED 1320.17, 1908.

Patented Sept. y14, 1909.

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ERNEST W. CRUIKSHANK, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

MAT.

Application filed December 17, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatl I, ERNEST IV. CRUIK- .s1-UNK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Mat, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to textile fabrics and particularly to the construction of mats.

In the manufacture of ordinary door mats from cocoa fabric, coir and similar material, it is usual to weave the coir over pile wires in much the same manner as chenille is woven and then to cutl the material on the wire for the purpose of making tufts. After the mat is woven the surface is trimmed off and the short fibers formed as a result of this trimming operation have hitherto been considered as waste material and have never been used to advantage.

The principal object of the present invention is to utilize this waste material or any other material in the form of short fibers for the purpose of manufacturing mats.

A further object of the invention is to form a textile fabric having a loose disconnected filler.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a fabric having a filler weft formed of loose disconnected bunches of fabric.

VVit-h these and other objects in view, as will morefully hereinafter appear, the presentinvention consists in certain novel details of construction and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings :MFigure l is a perspective view of a mat constructed in accordance with the invention, a portion of the filler being removed in order to show the interlacing warp and weft threads. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shed open and illustrating the manner in which the loose anomalous filler is introduced into the shed. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the complete mat.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several gures of the drawings.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. it, i909.

semi No. 468,019.

In practically all woven or knitted fabrics it has hitherto been considered necessary to arrange the filler or other strands in the forni of yarn more or less loosely twisted in order that the same may be properly placed in the shed during the process of weaving, but .in carrying out the present invention the filler is made of short, disconnected fibers which otherwise would be waste material and introducing the saine in the shed in an anomalous condition, that is to say, the fibers are thrown either by hand or by suitable mechanism into the open shed and then beat up with a binder weft, the warp threads being arranged sufficiently close together in order to co-act with the binder wefts to hold all of the short fibers in place and to form tufts which will extend from each side of the fabric and form a more or less rough surface which is adapted for use as matting. The warp threads l0 may be'formed of coir, jute or any other suitable material and are arranged at such distance from each other as to firmly hold the .filler in proper position. The weft threads l1 are interwoven in the usual manner with the warps as shown in Fig. 1.

In weaving the mat the filler 12 is introduced into the shed in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the mass of short, loose fibers being simply thrown into the shed either by hand or by any suitable mechanism, the bers being preferably formed of the waste material resulting from the manufacture of ordinary coir mats, although it will be understood that the invention contemplates the employment of short, loose fibers of any material. After the introduction of the loose filler a binder shot is made and then the lay is operated for the purpose of beating up the binder weft, carrying the loose filler into proper position and then when the shed changes and the positions of the warps are reversed the strain on the mass of fibers will result in the formation of a series of tufts, that is to say, the fibers which are caught and held by the descending'warps will be carried down and doubled into approximately U-shape so that their median lines will be at the bottom of the mat while their ends will be exposed at the upper surface thereof and on the ascending warps the reverse effect will be accomplished so that throughout the entire mat the tufts may be said to alternate. This tufting arrangement, however, is in most cases a matter of accident and cannot be always depended upon for the reason that no effort is made to arrange the short ibers in such position as to insure the formation of these tufts, the intent being merely to place the filler in an anomalous disconnected condition into the shed and to hold the same properly together by the warps and binder wefts.

In carrying out the invention it is preferred to saturate the Warp threads with some adhesive material so that the iller may be more lirmly held although this has not been found absolutely necessary in practicing' the invention on a commercial scale.

The finished mat is fully equal in appearance to the more expensive cocoaiber mat made in the ordinary manner and after being' in use for a short time, especially after some exposure to damp atmosphere7 the mass of libers will be compacted or compressed to such an extent as to prevent loosening or displacement of the 'fibers under ordinary wear. In some cases, however7 the entire mat after being woven may be subjected to a bath of some adhesive material and then compressed in any suitable manner as by passing the same through pressure rollers.

Having' thus described the invention, What is claimed is l. A mat comprising warp and weft threads, and a series or' tufts confined between the threads and facing alternately in opposite directions and composed of a heterogeneous mass otl short vegetable fibers.

2. A mat comprising warp and weft threads, and a series of tufts confined between the threads7 composed of a heterogeneous mass of short fibers and doubled upon themselves v.around and by the warp threads.-

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiiiXed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST IV. CRUIKSHANK.

IVitnesses 2 IVILMER II. RANDEL, LYDIA B. SMITH.

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