US933804A - Gas-producer. - Google Patents

Description

FRITZ WEIDENEDER, 0F BREDENEY, NEAR ESSEN, GERMANY.

GAS-PRODUCER.

osaeoi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. Mr, 190%.

Application filed How/ember 19, 1907. Serial No. 402,833.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRITZ Vnmnnnnnn, a citizen of the Gern'ian-Enlpire,residing at Bredeney, near Essen. in the Province of Rhenish Prussia and Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producers; and I do hereby declare the'following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to gas producers in which carbon dioxid is formed by the distillation and combustion of coal or other fuel in a furnace with a cylindrical shaft lined withfire bricks. This furnace requires a determinate air supply. It is provided with a water SQitlyWll'iCll closes the ash outlet at the bottom. The top of this producer is provided with an automatic feeder which regulates the fuel supply according to the requirements of the apparatus.

Air, or a mixture of air and steam is forcedv into the mass of ashes gatheringin the lower portion of the producer and rises therefrom into the superposed mass of incandescent fuel; the water seals preventing the escape of air through the ash outlet, but permitting the withdrawal of the ashes therefrom. Y

By my invention simplify the construc-. tion andtherefore lesson the first cost of the producer and without arresting the operatlon of the producer, I provide for a; con-' stant removal of slag and ashes and for a. constant feeding from a suitably located coal bin, so as to keep the fuel bed always under the same condition and at the same height.

By my invention I increase the capacity of the producer as compared with those hitherto constructed by providing automatic means for the effective breaking up of the clinkers in the hot zone of the producer, for which purpose I use a revolving grate, which forms the bottom of the producer. The breaking up of such clinkers in the hot zone of the producer by the use of a revolving grate renders it unnecessary to employ manual labor for this purpose either from un derneath or from the top of the producer thus preventing the escape of soot and smoke, which means not only a loss but is a great nuisance and constantdanger for the men having charge of these producers. The

feeding is hitherto generally done'by means of hand operated hoppers equipped with boll valves, which are almost invariably situated in the center of the producer, thus throwing the coal constantly only at one place in the producer and leaving the sides and the mid- .dlc without fresh coal, thereby making it necessary to distribute the coal by hand through poker holes at the top. Producers with one or more hoppers not centrally loca-ted cannot receive their supply of coal from a centrally located. supply feeding device; they have therefore to be filled by hand. They throw with every charging operation a certain amount of coal into the middle of the producer, forming there a pile of raw coal, which the producer cannot gasify. The labor of filling the charging hoppers, of distributing the coal evenly at the top of the fuel bed and of breaking up the clinkers is extremely fatiguing and the laborers are frequently endangered by the leaking of the gas. Furthermore the old style of producers must be of limited capacity in order to facilitate the distribution of "goal to the sides of the fuel bed and to gain vccess to all parts of the interior of the producer in order to get rid of and ashes. All these drawbacks are avoided by my new gas producer.

I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings on which- Figure l is a vertical section along line II of Fig. 2 of a gas producer embodying certain features of my invention and showing at the upper right side in dotted lines part of the gear for moving the feed valve as seen at right angle to the view shown in full lines; Fig. 2 is the horizontal section of the same taken at the line II II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section along line III III of Fig. 4 of a gas producer of the same system as that of Fig. l, but showing some modification in detail. Fig. 4 is the plan or top view of the producer Fig. 3 as seen on the line IVIV Fig. 3.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The shaft or pit A, the legs 3, the revolv-- ing grate C, the water seal 1), constitute the lower part of the producer; the bell E, the valve F, the hopper G, the plate H form the cover of the producer.

In Fig. 1 of the drawing it will be noticed that the grate C is conical or funnel shaped,

and forms the base for the fuel bed. The

N, the worm bars forming the grate are supported by the arches J which stand upon the plate I. This plate rests on the conical rollers K, which are carried by pins K or other. supports hxed to the columns B and it is revolved by the motion of the conical gear L, which meshes with the teeth cast on the plate I. The gear L is connected with the worm wheel M by the shaft M The power is transmitted to gear L from the main shaft I which is driven from some suitable source of power, by means of the eccentric P, the ratchet wheel 0 and the worm wheel M. I Another water seal formed by an annular trough R. on the upper side of plate I together with the cylinder S above the plate I and fixed to the lower side of the water cooled ring S prevents the escape of air from the air space underneath the grate C. The grate G, the plate I, the water seal It and the cylinder 5 form a separate annular chamber, with several air inlets and which is entirely disconnected from the air inlet D The ash pit T and the ash pan U form the water seal D, through which the ashes leave the producer, this process being visible to the operator. The ash. pan U revolves on rollers or balls U, as the drawing shows and it gets .its revolving motion through the worm wheel V, the worm N, the ratchet wheel X and the lever Y with a pawl thereon, which is indirectly connected with the prime motor by the rod Q and levers Y, Y

and eccentric rod Z. The extraction of the ashes is performed bymeans of awing or plate U, which serves as a scraper and which throws the ashes and slag over the edge of the ash pan U. It is obvious that nothing in the function of the water seal :vould be altered if the ash pan U were to be made stationary and also the gist of the invention would be uninfiucnced as far as the emptying of the ash pan is concerned if in the'just mentioned case the plate U were fixed to the revolving plate T or the part. T respectively.

Through the trough B the ashes slide down into a. transverse convcyer C, whereby they are deposited at any desir d place. Rising from the ash pan into and through the center of the ash pit is a vertical pipe I), having several conical hoods E. The

. air coming from the main air pipes F, F

rises through the vertical pipe D and escapes from under the hoods through the mass of ashes into the lower part of the producer. By using an exposed water sealed ash extractor the amount of the extracted ashes may be easily seen and regulated by changing the position. of the wing U. The ash pit'T, which consists of two separable parts is built as a water jacket T so as to cool down the ashes before they reach the water seal D. The formation of steam which occurs'when hot ashes are brought into contact with the water seal is thereby prevented, this being an advisable aim since'the rise of steam from the water to the incandescent fuel in a volume greater than can be readily decomposed by the latter ought in practice always to be avoided. The steam produced in this water jacket and escaping therefrom by a pipe t may be used for mixing with the air blown in through the grate C.

Air to be blown. in through the revolving grate enters the space underneath the grate through desirable number of inlets by means of elbow pipes GI. The amount of air is regulated by throttle valves G placed in the air supply pipes. A number of doors S are distributed between the columns of the producer in the ring S for the special pur pose of enabling the operator to examine the condition of the producer, to examine the grate bars C; to clean the grates, to repair and replace them. This is a very important feature of my producer.

Doors l at the bottom of the grate chamber in the plate I permit 'the removal of ashes and slag. Doors S and A (6 or 8 in mnnber) permit the poking of the slag if necessary. A water cooled ring of iron A above these doors A will keep the brick walls above and below it at a certain low temperature, so that the slag cannot adhere to them, for which purpose also the wall A below the cooled ring recedes a little.

To etlcct a more thorough stirring up 0 the slag above the grate C, to tear otf the clinkers from the walls of the producer, furthermore to lift and stir up the fuel'bed, thus helping to destroy air holes in the lat- .tcr. some of the different sections of the rcvolvinggrate will be constructed at a h her level than others, (as indicated in full 1" liiics and dotted lines C C), so that the 5 higher ones C work like teeth upon the superposed tucl bed. This 15 of importance for the good working of the furnace.

The top plate ll of the producer is water cooled and rests upon a number of'conical rollers K 'lixcd on the top foundation plate ll situated on the top of shaft A; said plate It formed by an annular trough R and foundation plate ll and a ring H at the lower side of plate 1*]; The bevel gear L meshes into tceth on the under surface of the plate ll, so as to produce .the desired rotation of the lattcr. F or this purpose the outer end of the shaft carries a ratchet wheel 0 which is connected with the driving shaft and the main driving shaft P by.

means of the connecting rod Q. an eccentric rod Z and eccentric l The plate IT carries the feed device or coal bin which 1300111- poscd of two parts, a. the centrally located conical hopper proper (l and the lower rectangular part or receiver G, the latter containing the feed regulating devices F and ,lnov'e upon the projecting ribs 8 or 25 alternatingly. In a similar way, the valve F in connection with the shaft '2!- and the lever and roller moves also upon the projections s or 1:, so that when the roller t moves on the projections s, the roller o moves on the projections and vice versa. down movements of these rollers r and o cause the opening and closing or" the bell E and the revolving valve F, with the result that when the bell. is opened, the valve F is closed and vice versa. The revolving of the top plate It causes the opening of the bell E a certain number of times every revolution, thus charging the producer every time with a certain amount of coal. For example, the coal drops from the coal bin (at, through the open valve F upon the closedbell E. On rotat'ing further the valve F closes, the bell E opens and the coal falls into the producer. in this way any escape of gas during the charging period, is prevented.

The coal bin ii may be made large enough to receive any desi "able quantity of coal,but two or three hours supply is usually deemed sutiicient. It will be noticed that the bell E is moved by the projections s and the valve by the projections 6, during one revolution, while during the next revolution the bell E' is moved bythe projections t and the valve F by the projections s, so that. the charges of each revolution of the plate H drop midway between the charges of the previous revolution and thus an even distribution of coal is insured. This change of the rollers r from the projections s to v and vice versa is produced by the lever c fulcrumed on a bracket 0* on plate ll and the roller 03 and'the projecting ribs 8 and if, which after each revolution of the plate H shift the shafts (1 and u to their new positions by means of the forked lever c connected to lever c and hub f The hopper above the bell E is equipped with an inclined plate of any desired shape, c. 1 fiat, concave or convex, which rest upon the ring; lb and the position of which is regulated by hand by means of the worm j, the worm wheel 2, and the shaftlc. This plate has the beneficial effect that each charge falls in the form of a sen'ii'circle upon the conical bell insteadof covering its whole circumference and since its position can bechanged as shown above the coal can be'deposited according to the conditions of the fuel bed and the requirements of the moment.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is:

1. In a producer the combination of a cylindtical shaft A,.a water cooled ring 5 and A below said shaft, columnsll ca-r- The up and I rying said water cooled rings and shaft, with a revolving plate I, means forrevolvinc said plate, conical rollers K carrying said plate, a conical grate C resting; on plate l, an ash pit T suspending from said plate, an ash pan U below the ash pit and forming together with it a water seal, the whole as described.

2. in a gas producer the combination of a cylindrical shaft- A, a vater cooled ring S and A below the shaft, columns B carrying said water cooled rings and shaft, a revolving; plate I provided with geared teeth at its lower side, conical rollers K carrying said plate, a conical grate resting on plate I. an ash pit T suspended from said plate, an ash pan U below the ash pit and torming together with it a water seal in con1- bination with a gear L, meshing with the teeth at the bottom of said plate I, a shaft M journaled in one of said columns B, a worm wheel M on said shaft meshing with a worm O, a ratchet wheel N connected with worm O, a ratchet lever Y, an eccentric rod Z linked to said lever Y an eccentric on main driving shaft 1?, the whole as described.

23. In a gas producer the combination of a cylindrical shaft A, a water cooled'ring S and A below said-shaft, columns B carrying said shai'tand rings, a revolving plate I and means for revolving the same conical rollers K carrying said plate, a grate C restingthereon, an ashpit T suspending from said plate, an ash pan ll below the ash pit and forming together with. it a water seal, rollers ll carrying said ash pan a worm wheel V fixed to the lower part of the same and meshing with a Worm a ratchet wheel X connected to said worm, a ratchet lever and pawl Y shifting said wheel X, a connecting rod Q, lever Y shaft 0, lever Y", eccentric rod Z, eccentric P and main shaft P the Whole as described and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a gas producer the combination of a cylindrical shaft, A, a water cooled ring S" and A below said shaft, columns B carrying said rings and shaft, a revolving plate I and means for revolving the same, conical rollers K carrying said plate, a grate U resting thereon on arches J, an ash. pit T suspending from said plate I, an ash pan U below the ash pit T and forming together with it a waterseal, rollers U carrying said ash pan, means for revolving said ash pan, in combination with scraper plates U for emptying the ash pan from ashes, a trough B delivering the ashes to the conveyer (Q5 the whole as described.

5. In ages producer the combination of a cylindrical shaft A, a watercooled ring S and A. below said shaft, columns B carrying said rings and shaft, a revolving plate I means for revolving the'same, a grate 0 said plate I and forming together'with said said plate I, an ash pan U below said ash pit inspecting doors S in the circumference of resting on said plate, arches J carrying I said-grate C, an ash pit T suspending from said plate I an ash pan U below said ash pit T and forming a water seal together with the ash pan in combination. with a cylinder S fixed to the bottom ofv said water cooled ring 8 an annular trough R on the top of cylinder a water seal, inspecting doors S in the circumference of said cylinder S, the whole as described.

(5. In a gas producer the combination of a cylindrical shaft A, a water cooled ring S and A, below said shaft, columns B carrying said rings and shaft, a. revolving plate I, means for revolving said plate, a grate C resting on said plate I, arches J carrying said grate C, an ash pit T suspending from and forming a Water seal together with the ash pan, a cylinder S fixed to the bottom of said Water cooled ring S an annular trough on the top of said plate I, forming a water seal together with said cylinder S,

said cylinder S, doors A in the circumference of the reduced part A, of shaft A, in combination with an air pipe F an air pipe G leading air to the revolving grate C above the plate I, a throttle valve G in said air pipe for regulating the amount of air delivered to the grate from the sides, an air pipe F and throttle valve in the same for regulating the amount of air delivered into the vertical pipe- D below the grate C 1 into the ash pit 'I, hoods E on the top of said pipe I) for distributing the air in the ashes, the whole as described.

'7. In. a gas producer having a vertical shaft A, a water cooled ring S and'A a re volving grate C, a plate I, an ash pit 'I, an ash pan U forming together a water seal, a vertical air inlet pipe I) reaching into said ash pit, constructing this ash pit in its upper part as a Water jacket T in combination with a steam escape pipe 2? leading the steam formed in the Water jacket T into the seal, the whole as annular space between the grate C, the plate I and the fixed cylinder S; the whole as described and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a gas'producer the combination ofla cylindrical shaft A, a water cooled ring S and A below said shaft, columns B carryin said rings and shaft A, a revolving plate means for revolving the same conical rollers K carrying said plate a grate C resting on said plate I, arches J carrying said grate, an ash pit T suspending from plate I, a

Water jacket T around saidash pit 'I, an ash pan U below said ash pit T and forming together with this a water seal, means for revolving said ash pan, scraper plates U for emptying the ash pan from ashes, a trough B delivering the ashes into the ash conveyor 0, an annular trough R combined with said plate I, a fixed ring S reaching into said trough R to form a Water seal, inspectin doors S and A respectively in cylinder and reduced part A of shaft A, air pipes F, F and G respectively, a vertical air ipe D distributing hoods E on top of sai air pipe I), all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a gas producer a cylindrical shaft A, a water cooled ring A below shaft A, a reduced part A, doors A in said reduced part, another water cooled ring S columns resting on a late I, an ash pit T suspending from said p ate, an ash pan' U below the ash pit and formin together with it a Water escribed. I

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of twosubseribing witnesses.

FRITZ WEIDENEDER.

Witnesses:

WILHELM FLASCHE, CL. HioKMAnN.

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