US921925A - Method of treating armor or deck plates. - Google Patents
Method of treating armor or deck plates. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US921925A US921925A US38368907A US1907383689A US921925A US 921925 A US921925 A US 921925A US 38368907 A US38368907 A US 38368907A US 1907383689 A US1907383689 A US 1907383689A US 921925 A US921925 A US 921925A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- armor
- degrees
- per cent
- deck plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010011416 Croup infectious Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000713 I alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
Definitions
- the elements which I alloy with the iron in order to produce my new composition are as follows. and in stating them I desire to premise that in addition to these elements others may be added if desired or the. proportions may he varied within certain limits, those which l give being such as I have found host suited to the purpose (larbon .20 to .30 per cent. Manganesel .25 to 4 per cent. hromium 1.25 to 1.75 per cent. Vanadium .10 to .25 per cent. Nickel 3.50 to 4 per cent.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
SAMUEL S. WALES, OF MUNIIALL, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CARNEGIE STEEL OOMPAN Y, OF PITISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
METHOD OF TREATING ABMOR OB DECK PLATES.
Specification of Letters Patent Patented May 18, 1909-.
Application flied July 13, 1907. Serial No. 383,689.
' 0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Samrm. S. WALns, of Muuhall, Alleghenycounty, Pennsylvania have invented a new and useful Method of Treating Armor or Deck Plates, of which the following is a specification.
Of recent years it has been the practice in the manufacture of armor plate to make the plate of steel having substantially the following theoretical composition Carl) .28 per cent. Manganese H .35 per cent. Nickel 3.75 per cent. hromium 1.70 per cent.
the sulfur and silicon being low,bel0w .04- per cent. The steel of this composition is then treated by the Harvey or Krupp processes by which its surface is highly supercarburized for the purpose of rendering it more resistant to the impact of projectiles.
I have discovered a new alloy or composition and a new mode of heat treatment b which I am enabled to increase the ballistic resistance over that obtained by the alloys and treatments heretofore in use.
The elements which I alloy with the iron in order to produce my new composition are as follows. and in stating them I desire to premise that in addition to these elements others may be added if desired or the. proportions may he varied within certain limits, those which l give being such as I have found host suited to the purpose (larbon .20 to .30 per cent. Manganesel .25 to 4 per cent. hromium 1.25 to 1.75 per cent. Vanadium .10 to .25 per cent. Nickel 3.50 to 4 per cent.
The steel which I employ is preferably opt-n hearth steel. and I prefer to add the nickel as a part of the charge of the furnace in a cold condition. 1 preferably preheat the chromium and add it to the open hearth charge just before trapping. The manganese is preferably added cold in the ladle and the vanadium is preferably added to the ladle in the form of preheated ferro-vanadium alloy. These alloys may however be added in a molten form in the ladle or otherwise as desired. The proper portion of carbon may be added-by recarburizing by the usual methods. The silicon contents of the steel should be low, less than .15 per cent. The sulfur should be as low as possible, preferably less than ,04 per cent. It is extremely important in this vanadium alloy that the phosphorus should be extremely low because the vanadium is found to intensify the action of this element. The phosphorus should not exceed .04 per cent.
Having cast the in ct, it may be forged or rolled to the desire thickness. It is then raised to a temperature of about 700 degrees C. and allowed to become cold slowly, preferably in air; or it may be annealed by bedding in lime or ashes. If the processes are to be continuous, the intermediate annealin may be omitted. The plate is then heate above 875 degrees C. and referably about 900 degrees C. and queue ied with water until it is either at the temperature of the atmosphere or at a temperature of not over 400 degrees. I then preferably anneal the plate by raisin to a. temperature above 350 degrees C. anc below 700 degrees (3., depending upon the purpose for which the plate is to be used; and cool the same slowly, preferably in air. The lower the temperature of the last or third heat treatment, the harder and less ductile the material will be. By taking the plate after the third treatment and again raising it to about. 900 de grees O. watcr-qucnching it, and reanneah ing it. tho pinto may be further toughened. By simply repeating the third heattreatinrnt, or annealing step, the plate may be rendered more ductile. The plate will be given a fibrous character by the preceding treatment, including the heat treatment of 700 degrees and following anncalings. This fibrous character. however, may be imparted in any desirable or well known manner.
The advantages of my invention result from the increased ballistic value, since the plates thus obtained are capable of resisting shocks to a greater extent than ordinary steel plates. Another great advantage of the product thus obtained is that it may be machined by ordinary tools in finished condition or after its final metallurgical treat ment. Another advantage is that the fibrous character which is imparted to the plate during certain stages of the treatment is retained through the subsequent steps of i reatment.
Those skilled in the art will be able to modify the steps of the heat treatment within certain limits, Without departing from my invention.
I claim 1. The method of making armor or deck plates, consisting in preparing a steel plate containing vanadium, imparting a fibrous character to the plate by heat treatment, then hardening the plate by raisin it to a higher temperature than that em oyed in fiberin and then annealing the p ate; substantia ly as described.
2. The method of making armor or deck plates, consisting in preparlng a steel plate containing vanadium, imparting a fibrous character to the plate by heat treatment, then raising the plate to a temperature above 875 degrees 0., suddenly cooling it and then annealing the plate; substantially as described. g 3. The method of making armor or deck plates, consisting in preparmg a steel plate containing vanadium, imparting a fibrous character to the plate by heat treatment,
uznuzo then raising the plate to a temperature above 875 degrees (3., suddenly cooling it, and then annealing it by raisin it to a temperature above 350 degrees and elow 700 degrees C., and cooling 1t slowly; substantially as described.
4-. The method of making armor or deck plates, consisting in preparing a steel late containing below one per cent. of vana ium, imparting a fibrous character to the plate by heat treatment, then raising the late to a temperature above 875 degrees denly cooling it, and then annealing it by raising it to a temperature above 350 degrees and below 700 degrees 0., and cooling it slowly; substantially as described.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.
SAMUEL S. WALES.
\Vitnesses I JOHN MILLER,
H. M. Conwm.
., Slld- Zr:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38368907A US921925A (en) | 1907-07-13 | 1907-07-13 | Method of treating armor or deck plates. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38368907A US921925A (en) | 1907-07-13 | 1907-07-13 | Method of treating armor or deck plates. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US921925A true US921925A (en) | 1909-05-18 |
Family
ID=2990358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38368907A Expired - Lifetime US921925A (en) | 1907-07-13 | 1907-07-13 | Method of treating armor or deck plates. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US921925A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6537397B1 (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2003-03-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing Fe-based member having high young's modulus, and Fe-based member having high young's modulus and high toughness |
-
1907
- 1907-07-13 US US38368907A patent/US921925A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6537397B1 (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2003-03-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing Fe-based member having high young's modulus, and Fe-based member having high young's modulus and high toughness |
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