US921248A - Crushing and grinding mill. - Google Patents

Description

D. HONEYWOOD. URUSHING AND GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.11.1908.

Patented May 11, 1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oiu ron.

DAVID HONEYWOOD, OF BATTERSEA, ENGLAND.

CRUSHING AND GRINDING MILL.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, DAVID HoNnYwooD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at No. 120 Queens road, Battersea, in the county of Surrey, En land, have invented a new and useful fmprovement in Crushing and Grinding Mills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for crushing or grinding metallic ore, rock, cement and the like of the type in which the stamps are mounted on piston rods, the pistons of which are reciprocated by pressure fluid supplied by compressors or pumps and in which the stamps are revolved or the mortars are revolved while the stamping is proceeding.

The object of the invention is to provide more simple and eflicient means whereby the crushing is obtained in a shorter time than has been possible with apparatus heretofore in use, it being possible for the improved machine to work at very high speeds.

This invention consists in providing the compression cylinder and stamp cylinder with such an arrangement of ports, valves and passages as to effect the holding of the stamp head in suspension or raised during part of the period of compression in the compression cylinder and to then allow the cumulative pressure above the stamp piston to give a strong and swift impulse to the stamp piston, owing to a sudden release of the pressure below the stamp piston. This action is principally brought about according to these improvements by providing the compression cylinder with an inlet port a little below the middle of its length adapted to be uncovered and covered by the piston, (the cylinder being also provided if desired with a relief valve at or near one or both its ends as common practice may show to be necessary or advantageous). The lower end of the stamp cylincer is connected to the compression cylinder by two ports or passages formed more or less in the form of a Y, one port or passage opening into the compression cylinder at about the level of the inlet port referred to, and the other port or passage opening into valved chamber in the lower end of the compression cylinder. In connection with these primary improvements certain accessory devices working on known principles may be provided as for instance a valve for relieving the compression in any particular stamp of a battery for the purpose Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 11, 1908.

Patented May 11, 1909.

Serial No. 466,976.

l of putting such stamp out of action; also a gear for rotating or oscillating the stamps or the mortars. The piston of the stamp chamber may be provided at its upper end with an annular valved chamber. And in order that this invention may be more readily under-- stood, it will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating its application to a small battery of vertically acting stamps, in which drawings Figure 1 is a View partly in front elevation and partly in section. Fig. -is a plan of the cylinders. Fig. 3 is a section on the line III III Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a transversesectional elevation.

As shown on the drawings the compression cylinders a are mounted on the top of a suitable frame or entablature l), in the lower part of which is carried in suitable bearings c the crank shaft (Z by which latter through connecting rods 6, the parallel rods f and cross-heads g, the pistons 7b are actuated. The parallel rods are guided as shown in holes in lugs on the upper and lower cylinder covers. The crank-shaft (Z may be driven by pulleys and belting or otherwise from a steam engine, electric motor, or other suitable means.

The stamp motors comprise pistons 7c reciprocally mounted in cylinders t which are preferably arranged in front of the compression cylinders a. The pistons 7c have piston rods Z to the lower ends of which are fixed the stamps m for effecting the crushing or grinding operation in the mortar boxes or.

The means for providing for the admission of air or other fluid. to the compression cylinders and for the admission to and the exhaust of such pressure fluid from the stamp cylinders is as follows :The compression cylinders are each provided preferably a little below the middle of the length thereof with a port 0 for the admission and escape of air, which port is open to the atmosphere when the piston approaches its lowest and highest positions. The lower end of the compression cylinder at is provided with a chamber 19 or false bottom, the bottom proper of the cylinder, which is perforated at q, forming the top side of this chamber, the perforations being closed automatically by pressure from below by means of a disk valve 1" of leather or other suitable material. This chamber p is in direct communication with the bottom of the motor cylinder 71 by means of a port passage or conduits s, so

that when air is compressed in the lower end of the compression cylinder by the descent of the piston h, the said air will pass through the perl'orations 9 into the chamber p and thence by the port 8 to the lower end of the stamp cylinder t beneath. the motor piston 7c thus tending to raise the latter preparatory to the working stroke for eliecting the blow. An exhaust port and passage or conduit t is also provided from the lower end of the stamp cylinder to near the middle ol' the compression cylinder a and in connection with the aforesaid. passage 8 to the lower end of the compression cylinder and these two passages approximately resemble the letter Y, the object being to permit the lower part of the stamp cylinder i to be entirely free from pressure preparatory to the downward or working stroke. The port If is preferably connected to the compression cylinder (0 a little below the middle oi the length that is to say it is about opposite to the inlet port 0. The discharge passage a leads from the top of the compression cylinder a to near the top of the stamp cylinder 'i, sufiicient space being allowed to leave an air cushion between the cylinder cover and the top of the stamp piston 75. The top of the stamp piston 76 is fashioned so as to provide an annular chamber 22 access to which is had by ports w normally covered by a suitable valve. In the example shown this valve consists of a disk of leather r, the object being to allow oi the admission of compressed air into the annular chamber to start the piston when the top of the latter is above the port of the passage 14-, but to allow ol' the action of the compressed air on the full area of the piston when the latter has descended a short distance.

To destroy any vacuum that may be produced on the under side or" the compression piston h, a spring relief valve 2 or other suitable means are provided to admit air to the cylinder (1 and the upper end of the cylinder may also be provider with a cock 1. The compression cylinder a is also suitably pro vided with one or more small ports 2 which are covered by an external flap valve 3. The said port 2 is for the purpose oi permitting of the escape of a certain amount of air during the latter portion of the down stroke of the compression piston 7L and consequently during the corresponding portion of the up stroke of the stamp piston 7c and it further provides for the release of some of the pressure fluid from the compression cylinder v during the up stroke of the piston therein.

To increase the efliciency of the stamps they are provided with suitable gear for imparting an intermittent or continuous rotatory or oscillatory motion,' or alternatively the mortar boxes a may be adapted to rotate or oscillate or both the stamps and the mortar boxes may have rotary or similar motion imparted thereto the object being to have both a rotary and a reciprocating motion during the stamping so that in addition to the crushing action there is also a grinding action taking place. I

.A. convenient arrangement for imparting rotary motion to the stantrps is shown on the drawings and it comprises a shaft 4 1r unted in bearings 2G and parallel to the crank sl .lt d, which by a pair of" miter wheels 5 coinmunicates motion to a shaft 6 also mounted in bearings and carrying a miter wheel which meshes with another mite; wheel 8 on the shaft l. Mounted on th's shaft 4 is revel wheel 9 gearing with a bevel wheel 10 which has mad in one therer ith or fixer thereto a spur wheel. 11.. The bevel wheel 10 and spur wheel 11 are provided with a square hole or the like through which freely passes the stamp piston rod, correspondingly shaped, so that as the wheels revolve they conununicate revolving motion to the stamp piston rod while however leaving it free to recipylocate. The bearings for the wheels and l are mounted on a cross piece 12 which also supports bearings for the spur wheels 13 and These latter are also provided with square holes or the like and the stamp piston rods are sinjiilarly fashioned so that they are guided in the spur wheels as well as caused to revolve therewith. The spur wheel 11 gears with an intermediate pinion 15 and the spur wheel 1 gears with a pinion 16 which again gears with the spur wheel 14 so that rotary motion is communicated to all. three stamp piston rods Z while allowing of the tree reciprocation or the.lat ter. If desired. chain and sprocket v-rheols or other suitable means may be employed instead oi bevel gear to drive the shaft l. The lower ends of the stamp rods Z may if desired be provided with means for permitting of their revolution or oscillation while the upper ends and the pistons 7c merely reciprocate. The spur wheels l1, l3 and i are preferably provided with suitable clut h gear (not shown) so that they hit engaged when required, for example renewal cl a stamp head is required.

In a battery of stamps it n be desirable to mount the stamps in what might be termed a graduated series of mortar boxes so that the material fed from the hopper into the first box (the middle one. in the example shown) is crushed or ground to a degree of fineness and finds its way thence by gravity aided by the centrifugal force due to the rotary motion of the crushing heads through the discharge passages l7, 1'? into the two side boxes to be still further pulverized or into a second box and from thence into a third box or into several boxes in rotation until the desired degree of fineness is attained. The stamp heads m may be graduated, that is to say, they may be of e was when varying diameters and provided with flat, serrated, concave or other form of base or sides or both as may be found most con venient.

In the case of dry crushing, where dust is prevalent; it is most desirable to incase the whole of the moving parts (with the exception of the stamp heads m and the parts of the stamp rods which must be exposed) and in Fig. l of the drawings a shield 18 is shown to incase the crank shaft connecting rods 6 lower cross heads g and the lower ends of the parallel rods f. The lower ends of the stamp rods may also be provided with hearings or guides in, for instance, the cross-member 12, or there may be another guide such as that marked 12, in addition to the guidance afforded by the holes in the bosses of the spur wheels such as 11, 13 and 14:.

In a battery of stamps it may be necessary to renew one or more stamp heads m and, to avoid putting the whole battery out of action, provision is made whereby one or more of the stamps may be disconnected or preferably held in its raised position, while such renewal is being effected. For this purpose the upper cover of each compression cylinder a is provided with a cook or as shown with a cock such as marked 1 in the side of the cylinder near the top which enables the discharge from the upper part of the cylinde 1 to be ejected into the atmosphere or otherwise instead of through the discharge port a to the stamp cylinder i. The port to the lower end of the latter from thecompression cylinder must of course be closed to effect this, a convenient means for doing the same consisting in providing the port t with a valve or cook, the plug of which is marked 19, and shown in F Consequently it will be possible for the compression piston h to reciprocate without effecting a reciprocation of the stamp piston 7c and as there will only be fluid pressure on the lower side of the piston 7c, it follows that the latter will be kept in its raised position which is most convenient for changing the stamp m while the reciprocation of the compression piston will be continuous. As fresh air is constantly being drawn in and passed from the compression cylinder to the stamp cylinder and back to the compression cylinder whence it is discharged again, it follows that the apparatus is kept cool and a water jacket is not required.

The action of the apparatus is as follows Assuming the compression piston ft to be, as shown, at the bottom. of the stroke, then the stamp piston 7: will be at the top of its cylinder 0; with a small air cushion between the top cover of the cylinder and the top of the piston while the lower end of the cylinder is filled with compressed air. Air is admitted into the compression cylinder a by the inlet port 0 and is compressed during the upward stroke of the piston h after the latter has closed the port 0 and subsequently the port 2 in its ascent. The air compressed is discharged through the passage a into the annular space 4) near the top of the stamp piston, and escapes therefrom through the ports w and past the valve r into the top of the stamp cylinder 'i. As soon as the piston 7c has been forced down a short distance, the upper end of the said piston is clear of the port of the passage a and the rest of the charge of compressed air acts on the upper surface of the valve :0 on the top of the stamp piston is to effect the impact or blow. The discharge or exhaust of compressed air from below the stamp piston 7c is not permitted until the compression piston It has traveled sufficiently far to uncover the exhaust port t, with the result that the pressure on the stamp piston is relieved and a high effective degree of compression is obtained on the upper side of the stamp piston It, so that the stamp m gives a blow of considerable force. The compressionpiston 7L now descends. In so doing it closes the inlet port 0 and the exhaust port t and uncovers the port 2. The air below the said piston is compressed forcing the valve '1' in the chamber 12 away from its seat so that the air passes from thence through the port or passage 8 to the lower end of the stamp cylinder i and consequently raises the stamp piston therein preparatory to the next working stroke or blow, while it will be readily understood that any accumulation of pressure on the upper side of the stamp piston 7c is released when there is a clear way from the passage to to the port 2, the valve on which opens outwardly as stated.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a stamp, a lluid compressor cylinder having a fluid supply, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, ducts connecting said cylinders, a piston in the compressor cylinder, means adapted to prevent the escape of exhaust from one side of the motor piston while the compression is taking place on the other side, the motor piston being meanwhile remote from the impact end of its stroke and means to permit the escape of the fluid at a predetermined point of the stroke of the compressor piston,

2. In a stamp, a fluid compressor cylinder, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, ducts connecting said cylinders, a piston in the compressor cylinder, means adapted to lock compressed fluid in the motor cylinder to oppose tie working stroke of said motor piston and means controlled by said compressor piston to permit the escape of said fluid at a predetermined period.

3. A stamp comprising in combination, a fluid compressor cylinder, a piston therein, means for reciprocating said piston, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, a stamp head connected With the latter, ducts connecting said cylinders, a back pressure valve cooperating With one of said ducts, said motor piston controlling another of said ducts and adapted to open the latter at a predetermined instant in the cycle of the piston.

4. A stamp comprising in combination a motor cylinder, a piston therein, a stamp head, a rod connecting said piston with said head, means adapted to alternately supply fluid on opposite sides of said piston and. to lock the fluid upon one side of the piston during a portion of the time it is being supplied to the opposite side.

5. A stamp comprising in. combination a fluid compressor cylinder having a port therein, a piston in the cylinder, driving I pressor cylinders to opposite sides of the momeans for said piston, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, a stamp head operatively connected With said. piston, connective ducts between correspondingends of said cylinders, a back pressure valve in connection.

With one of said ducts, a third duct communicating' between that end of said motor cylinder adjacent said stamp head and the compressor cylinder intermediate its ends said third duct and port being so disposed that the compressor piston can rise above both but can only descend beneath said port.

6. A stamp comprising in comhination a fluid compressor cylinder having a port therein, a piston in the cylinder, drivii'ig means for said piston, a motor cylinder, a

piston therein, an annular chamher in said plston, passages in said piston communicating between said chamber and the space hehind said piston, a hack pressure valve covering the outer ends of said passages, a stamp head operatively connected with said piston, a connective duct between one end of said compressor cylinder and a point intermediate the ends hut near one end of said motor cylinder, a second connective duct between the other ends of said cylinders, a back pressure valve in said second duct, a third duct communicating hetireen that end of said motor cylinder adjac said stamp head and said compressor c der intermediate its ends, said compressor piston, third duct and port being; so dis;

posed that said compressor piston can rise above both hut can only descend oeneath said. port, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

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fluid. compressor cylinder having a port therestamp head, a valve in the last named duct, a valved port in the upper end of the compressor cylinder communicating With the atmosphere, said compressor piston adapted to uncover the inlet port and the intermediate port at the end of its up stroke and to uncover the inlet port at the end of its down stroke.

8. A stamp comprising in combination, a plurality of motor cylinders, a piston in each of said cylinders, a plurality of stamp heads, operative connections hetween corresponding pistons and stamp heads, a mortar for each stamp head, a connective duct between two of said mortars a compressor cylinder for each motor cylinder, supply ducts adapted to alternately supply fluid from the com tor pistons, a piston in each compressor cylinder adapted to lock fluid upon one sideof the corresponding motor pistons While said fluid is being supplied to the opposite side, and means controlled by the compressor pistons to unlock the fluid at predetermined instant.

9. A stamp comprising in comhination a fluid compressor cylinder having an inlet port therein, a compressor piston in the cylinder, driving means for said piston, a motor cylinder, a motor piston in said cylinder, a

' stamp head operatively connected with said piston, revolving means 1n sliding but non-' rotative connection With said stamp heads, operative connection between said driving means and said revolving means, connective ducts hetween corresponding ends of said cylinders, a hack pressure valve in connection with one of said ducts, a third duc't communicating etween that end of said motor cylinder adjaceiiit said stamp head and said compressor cylinder intermediate its ends, said compressor piston, third duct, and port l.-eing so disposed that said compressor pison can rise ahove both out can only descend lreneath said port, sulistantially as and for the purpose set forth.

it). A stamp comprising in comlj-ination a in, a compressor piston in the cylinder, driving means for said piston, a motor cylinder, a motor piston in said cylinder, a stamp head operatively connected with said piston, a pinion, sliding hut nonrotative connection 1 hetween said pinion and stamp head, bevel '7. A stamp comprising a fluid compressor cylinder h .ving an inlet port, a piston in the cylinder, driving means for the piston, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, a stamp head operatively connected with the latter, ducts connectii U the correspondins' cylinders, a hack pressure va ye cooperatir with one of said ducts, a d ct communicatin with the compressor cylinder through a port intermediate the ends of the latter and With the motor cylinder at the end nearest the ends oi said gearing operatively connecting said driving means and pinion, connective ducts between corresponding ends of said cylinders, a hack pressure valve in connection with one of said I ducts, a third due communicating lzetween that end i said motor cylinder adjacent Lid stamp head and said compressor cylinder intermediate its ends, said compressor piston, third duct and port l1 eing so disposed that said compressor piston can rise above looth but can only descend beneath said port substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. A stamp comprising in combination a compressor cylinder, a reciprocatory compressor piston in said cylinder having an open ended cavity therein, driving means for said piston, a motor cylinder, a reciprocating motor piston and piston rod in said cylinder, a stamp head connected with said rod, a connective duct between adjacent ends of said cylinders, a non-return valve in connection with said duct opening only toward said 1no tor cylinder, a connective duct between the opposite end of said compressor cylinder and a point a little removed from the opposite end of said motor cylinder, a chamber in said motor cylinder adapted to'register with the last named duct, ports communicating between said chamber and the portion of said cylinder between said duct and the adjacent end of said cylinder, a back pressure valve covering said ports and opening only toward said cylinder portion, a third connective duct between that end of said motor cylinder first referred to and said compressor cylinder intermediate the ends of the latter, a port in said compressor cylinder approximately in line with the opening of said third duct, a no11-return suction valve der, an escape valve intermediate said port and the other end of said compressor cylinder, said open ended cavity in said compressor piston in alinenient with said port stroke in which position said third duct remains closed by the piston, said piston being adapted to uncover said port and the opening of said third duct when at the opposite end of its stroke, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

I i l 1 l I j l g f l l I l DAVID HONEYWOOD. Witnesses:

W. MORBEY,

H. D. J AMISON.

adjacent one end of said compressor cylinwhen said piston reaches that end of its

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