US1066218A - Crusher. - Google Patents

Description

'W'TNESEES" /ZKP'NVENTDR R. C. NEWHOUSE. CRUSHER. APPLIoA-TION FILED JULY z2, 1912.

1,066,218, Patented 11115111913.

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RAY C. NEWI-IOUSE, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLISCIIALMERS COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, AVCORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CRUSI-IER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led .Tuly 22, 1912. Serial No. 711,334.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, RAY C. NnwI-IOUSE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crushers7 of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements 1n the construction of Crushers for rock, ore, and similar substances.

An object of the invention is to provide a crusher in which material is crushed by the direct approach of at least one of a pair of crushing members toward the other, the feeding of the material through the crusher chamber being accomplished by so rotating the crushing members that centrifugal force will automatically act upon the material to advance same from the feed to the discharge end of the crusher.

Another object of the invention is to provide various detail improvements in a crusher in which the crushing is accomplished by admitting uid under pressure between opposed surfaces carried by the crushing members. p

The primary features of the crusher disclosed but not claimed herein are claimed in a co-pending application Serial No. 711,333, filed July 22, 1912.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Figure 1 is a transverse horizontal section through a fluid pressure actuated crusher. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a fluid pressure actuated crusher, a transverse vertical scction having been taken through the inclosing casing of the crushing elements. Fig. 3 -is a transverse vertical section through the driving mechanism of a Huid pressure actuated crusher, the section being taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1 looking' in the direction of the arrow.

The crusher consists essentially of a pair of opposed crushing members 6, 9, provided with wearing liners 4, 5, respectively. The crushing chamber formed between the wearing liners 4, 5, has a feed hopper 1 directed into its mid portion and is provided with a free annular discharge opening adjacent the peripheries of the liners 4,y 5. The housing 2 which supports the feed hopper 1 incloses the crushing elements and has a free discharge opening 54 at its lower end. The

housingl liners 3 are secured to the housing 2 and are adapted to arrest the motion of maerial discharged from the crushingcham- Patented July 1, 1913.

The hollow outer shaft 22 is supported in the bearing 19 of the frame 49 and has an outwardly projecting fiange 8 formed integral with one of its ends. The crushing member 6 is fixed to the outwardly projecting flange 8 of the hollow shaft 22 by a series of through bolts which pass through the member 6 and iiange 8 and clamp these elements against the ends of distance pieces or sleeves 7 preferably sleeved on said bolts. The inner shaft 10 is supported in the central bore of the outer shaft 22 and has the crushing member 9 formed integral therewith. The inner shaft 10 is free to rotate as well as reciprocate within the central bore of the outer shaft 22.

The outer shaft 22 isprovided with an outwardly projecting flange 21 to which the cylinder or casing 23 is secured by means of a series of bolts. The driving gear 25 is secured to the casing 23 and meshes with a pinion 26 carried by the countershaft 27. rlhe countershaft 27 is carried by suitable bearings 50, 51, formed in one with the main crusher frame 49. A bevel gear 28 is secured t-o an end of the countershaft 27 and meshes with a second bevel gear 29 carried by the crank shaft 30. The crank shaft 30 is supported in suitable bearings formed in one with the main frame 449, and is adapted to be rotated by means of a pulley 31. The pulley 31 is fastened to one of the two shafts 27, 30,r in the present instance to the shaft 30, this selection of the shafts permitting the changing the direction from which thev crusher driving power is applied. The bevel gears 28, 29, are provided with a suitable housing 59 which prevents the admission of undesirable gritty materials to the gears.

The piston 24 which is secured to the end of the inner shaft 10 by means of a lock nut 44, fits snugly within a central bore of the casing 23 and divides the interior of this casing 23 into a pair of pressure chambers 20, 35. Relief valves 37, which are normally held closed by spring pressure, are adapted under abnormal pressure conditions within thechamber 35 to by-pass fluid directly through the piston 24 to the chamber 20. A spring pressed by-pass valve 36 is adapted under abnormal pressure conditions within the chamber 20 to permit the passage of fluid directly from the chamber 2O to the chamber 35. plate 3S permitsready inspection of the relief valves 37 and the by-pass valve 36.

The end of the inner shaft 10 upon which the piston 24 is mounted, has a central bore 15 the one end of which connects directly with the chamber 35 and the opposite end of which is connected through a series of'large ports 164 with the chamber 20. The displacement piston or plunger 12 closely fits the bore 15 ofthe inner shaft 10 andis adapted to be reciprocated within the bore 15 between the chambers 20, 35. The displacement plunger operating` rod 14 is connected with the crosshead 33 which is adapted to be reciproca-ted within a suitable crosshead slide 34 carried by the main Crusher frame 49; The reciprocat-ion of thev crosshead 33 is effected by the crank shaft 30 through the connecting rod 32. The end of the crosshead slide 34 adjacent the crank portion of the shaft30, and the connecting rod 32 is provided with an inclosing cap 60 whichk permits ready inspection of these parts. The rod 13 is carried by and eX- tends away from the plunger 12 in a direction` opposite to that of the actuating rod 14. The rod 13 closely fits and is adapted to reciprocate within a smaller central bore' 11 of the inner shaft 10. The actuating rod 14 in emerging from the casing 23 passes through a stationary pipe 45 supported by a portion of the slide 34. An annular chamber exists between the inner cylindrical sur face of the pipe 45 and the outer cylindrical surface of the rod 14, this chamber being connected through a port near the end of the pipe 45 with the fluid supply pipe 46. rl`he joint between the casing 23 and the pipe 45 is packed by means of a suitable stuffing boX 4S. The joint between the rod 14 and the slide 34 is packed by means of a suitable stufling box 4'7. Accessibility to the stuffing boxes 47, 4S, as well as to the bearing 59 which supports the overhanging` end of the casing 23, is permitted by a removable cover 58 which coacts with the slide 34. The casing 23, gear 25 and pinion 26 are also inclosed within a suitable housing 53 which has been omitted from Figs. 1 and 3 to avoid complicating the drawings.

A low pressure supply pump 39 is adapted to be driven continually from the countershaft 27 by means of a belt coacting with the driving pulley 40 of the pump 39. The supply pipe 46 which connects with the chamber 35I is connected through an adjustable check valve 63 directly with the discharge of the pump 39. A branch of A removable handhole the discharge of the pump 39 connects through an adjustable spring subjected bypass valve 64 with the by-pass pipe 62 and with the air chamber 61. The by-pass pipe 62.connects directly with the pump supply pipe 41. The pump supply pipe 41 connects directly with the fluid supply chamber 56 formed in themain crusher frame 49 below the main bearing 19.

A port 42 formed in the casing 23 is adapted to permit the free passage offluidl directly from one of the chambers 20, 35, to the other. This free passage of fluid is, however, normally prevented by means of a manually operable valve 43 which con'- trols the port 42.

The bore 11 of the inner shaft 10 is connected with the bearing between the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 22 by means of a, port 52, see Fig. 1. The bearing between the shaft 10 and the outer shaft' 22 is connected by means of a port 55 with the bearing 19 of the outer shaft 22, see Fig. 2. The end of the bearing 19 is connected by means of a suitable port directly with the supply chamber 56.

A means for limiting the rearward motion of the crushing member 9 is provided in the ferm-of an adjustable set screw 1S which passes through the flange S carried by the outer shaft 22. The end of this set screw 1S is directly in line with a surface formed on Vthe circular ledge 17 of the crushing member 9.

During the normal operation of the crusher the pressure chambers 20', 35, as well' as the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 are filled with a fluid, preferably oil. rlhe crushing member 6 is positively rotated by means of power applied through the crank shaft 30, bevel gears 29, 23, countershaft 27, pinion 26, and gear 25 to the casing 23. rl`he crushing member 9 is not positively rotated but will rotate at substantially the speed of the crushing member 6, due to the friction between coacting portions of the members as well as the lodging of the material beingv crushed, between the liners 4, 5. The displacement plunger 12 is reciprocated within the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 simultaneously with the rotation of the crushing members by the crank shaft 30 which connects with the plunger 12 through the connecting rod 32, crosshead 33 and operating rod 14. As the gear 25 is very large compared to the pinion 26, the plunger 12 will complete a number of reciprocations or crushing impulses during each revolution of the crushing members.

The material to be crushed is admitted to the mid portion of the crushing` chamber formed between the liners 4, 5, Jthrough the inlet hopper 1. The reciprocation of the plunger 12 alternately forces fiuid from within the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 into l t-he pressure chambers 20, 35. During the motion of the plunger 12 toward the crushing members 6, 8, the fluid from within the bore 15 is forced into the chamber 20, while fluid is drawn from thechamber 35 into the free end of the bore 15. This displacement of the fluid in the chambers 20, 35, causes the piston 24 to move away from the crushing member G, thus causing the liner 5 to recede from the liner 4 and permitting the material admitted to the crushing chamber to take a position due to the action of centrifugal force thereon, nearer the peripheries of the liners 4, 5. During the return stroke of the plunger 12, that is, away from the crushing member 6, fluid is forced from the bore 15 into the chamber 35, while at the same time fluid is drawn through the ports 16v from the pressure chamber 20 into the bore 15. This displacement of the fluid in the chambers 20, 35, causes the piston 24 and crushing member 9 to move forward. This forward motion or direct approach of the crushing member 9 toward the crusher member 6, effects crushing of the material which is at all times being wedged between the liners 4, 5, by the action of centrifugal force thereon. After successive approaches and recessions of the crusher member 9 toward and away from the crushing member G, the material is eventually sufficiently crushed to permit its free passage from the annular discharge at the peripheries of the liners 4, 5. The crushed material discharged from the crushing chamber is projected against the liners 3 of the casing 2 from which it drops by gravity through the discharge opening 54.

Due to the alternate high pressures within the pressure chambers 20, 35, considerable leakage will occur past the piston 24, the plunger 12, the displacement rodl 13, and the outer surface of the shaft 10. The fluid which leaks past the displacement rod 13, is automatically forced by the pumping action of this rod through the passage 52 to the bearing between the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 22. Due to the pumping action of the plunger 12, the fluid which enters the bearing between the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 22 from the bore 11, together with direct leakage from the chamber 20, is forced through the port 55 to the bearing 19. The overflow fluid from the bearing 19 passes directly through the port at the end of this bearing to the chamber 56.

In order to maintain the volume of the fluid within the chambers 20, 35, and the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 constant, the low pressure supply pump 39 is operated continuously. lf the pressure within the chamber 35 is reduced below a predetermined low limit, which limit is preferably a few pounds over atmosphere, the check valve G3 opens and permits the passage of fluid from the pump 39 through the supply pipe 46 to the annular chamber formed between the stationary pipe 45 and the oper-v ating rod 14, from which it passes directly to the chamber 35. After the desired low limit pressure has been established within the chamber 35, the check valve 63 automatically closes and all of the fluid discharged by the pump 39 is by-passed through the by-pass valve G4 and by-pass pipe 62 directly to the inlet side of the pumpk 39. The air chamber 61 is normally filled with air under pressure reacting on the fluid supplied by the pump 39. The object of the air chamber G1 is to prevent eXtreme fluctuations of the pump discharge pressure and to maintain the pump discharge pressure substantially constant. The setting of the by-pass valve 64 is such that it will open at a pressure beyond that of the fluid supplied by the pump 39 and which is ordinarily maintained at a pressure slightly in excess of the desired low pressure within the chamber 35. The positive opening of the valve 63 will not take place, due to the inertia of the valve, until the desired low pressure within the chamber 35 has been by leakage reduced considerably, say several pounds. The pressure stored within the air chamber 61 will, after opening of the check valve G3, serve as a cushion and force considerable oil through the valve 63. The valve G3 will remain open until the pressure within the chamber 35 has been restored to its normal value. It will thus be seen that the Huid supplying system operates automatically to maintain the desired pressure within the chambers 20, 35. It should also be noted that the desired working pressuresl can be varied by varying the setting of the by-pass valve G4 and the check valve 63. lf some material, as for instance a piece of metal, is thrown between the liners 4, 5, the pressure within the chamber 35 during the return stroke of the plunger 12 will rise sufiiciently to cause the relief valves 37 in the piston 24-to open and permit by-passing of the fluid from the chamber 35 directly to the chamber 20, thus avoiding injury to the working parts of the machine. The fluid thus by-passed during abnormal conditions of operation, as well as large amounts of leakage into the chamber 20 from the chamber 35 past the peripheries of the piston 24 and plunger 12, will be automatically returned during the forward stroke of the plunger 12 through the by-pass valve 36. This construction provides an automatic means for retaining the size of the crushed product discharged from the crusher constant. The by-pass 42 provides an eflicient means for definitely varying the size of the product discharged from the crusher. The set screw 1S forms a simple and efficient means for `limiting the rearward motion of the crushing member 9. If,

for instance, considerable fluid has been byV passed to the chamber 2O through the relief valves Sdue to abnormal conditions of operation of the Crusher, the piston 24 will tend to over-travel on its return stroke away from the crushing member 6. Such overtraveling will, however, be prevented by the set screw 1S which arrests the motion of the piston and causes the superfluous fluid in thechamberQO to return to the chamber 35 through the by-pass valve 36.

It should be noted that the rods 13, Il, must be accurately made of such sizes with relation to the size of the shaft l0, that the sum of the volumes of the chambers on opposite sides of the piston l2 will remain constant. This maintaining of constant vole umes is desirable in order to prevent the suc` cessive by-passing of a definite amount of vfluid from one ofthe chambers 20, S5, to the other during each revolution. It should also be notedv that all working parts of the device are well protected against the admission of undesirable gritty substances thereto and also that all working parts are easily accessible.

It should be understood that itis not desired to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious n'iodifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-`

l. A crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushing surfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and double acting fluid pressure actuated means for effecting the relative motion of said members.

2. A Crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushing surfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof Yby centrifugal force, and double acting fiuid pressure actuated means for effecting the relative motion of said members transverse to the planes of rotation.

3. Acrusher comprising a pair of crushing members having-crushing surfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and means for permitting fluid pressure to act directly between said members for effecting the relative approach of said members to crush material and the relative recession of said members to permit feeding of thematerial.

e. A crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushing surfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and double acting fluid pressure actuated means for moving one of said members toward the other to crush Vmaterial and away from the other to permit feeding of the material.

5. A crusher comprising a pair of rotatable crushing members, said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force and being free to rotate relative to each other, and means for permitting fluid pressure to act directly between said members for moving one of said members to crush material.

G. In a Crusher, a pair of crushing members, a casing carried by one of said members, a piston carried by the other of said members and dividing said casing into opposed chambers, and means for intermittently establishing fluid pressure in said chambers, whereby said crushing members arey moved relative to each other to crush material and to permit feeding thereof.

7. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, a casing carried by one of said members, a piston carried by the other of said members and dividing said casing into o-pposed chambers, a conduit connecting said opposed chambers, and displacement means mounted within said conduit and adapted to move at least one of said crushing members to crush material.

8. A Crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushing surfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, fiuid pressure actuated means for moving at least one of said members to crush material, and adjustable means for limiting the motion of said member.

9. In a Crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connected with one of said members, a piston connected with another of said members and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means for varying the respective volumes of said chambers whereby the members are moved relatively to each other to crush material, and automatic means for permitting direct passage of fluid from one of said chambers to the other of said chambers.

10. In a Crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connected with one of said members, a piston connected with another of said members and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, said piston having a conduit formed therethrough and connecting said chambers, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said piston for varying the respective volumes of said chambers whereby the members are moved relatively to each other to crush material.

ll. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, double act-ing fluid pressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to the other to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed'pressure chambers, and means for automatically permitting the passage of fluid from one of Vsaid chambers to the other.

lfor effecting the relative motion of said members, mechanically actuated means for producing high pressure on said fiuid, loW-pressure-fluid supply means for replenishing leakage, means connecting said highpressure-fluid actuated means With said lowpressure-fluid supply means, and means for preventing the return of fluid through said connecting means.

lll. -In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluid pressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to the other to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressure chambers7 means for automatically permitting the passage of fluid from one of said chambers to the other, and means for automatically returning said fluid.

15. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluid pressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to the other to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressure chambers, means for automatically permitting the passage of fiuid from one of said chambers to the other, means for automatically rpermitting the return of said fiuid, and means for arresting the return motion of said moving member.

16. `In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluid pressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to the other to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressure chambers, a relief valve for automatically permitting the passage of fluid from one of said chambers to the other, and a by-pass valve for automatically returning said fluid.

17. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connected With one of said members, a piston connected with another of said members and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means for establishing pressure in one of said chambers to effect crushing of material, and meansfor permitting the passage of fluid from one of said chambers to another to adjust the size of the crusher discharge.

1S. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connected With one of said members, a` piston connected With another of said members and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means for establishing pressure in one of said chambers to effect crushing of material, and means for varying the relative volumes of said chambers to adjust the size of the Crusher discharge.

19. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, means for forcing fluid between opposed surfaces of said members whereby said members are caused to approach each other to crush material, and means for adjusting the extent of approach of said members.

20. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, means for forcing iiuid between opposed surfaces of said members Wherebv said members are caused to approach each other to crush material, and means for adjusting the limits of stroke of said crushing members.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto in the presence of two Witnesses.

RAY C. NEWHOUSE.

Witnesses W. H. LIEBER, GHAs. L. BYRON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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