US921014A - Hydro-condenser. - Google Patents

Description

H. SHOEMAKER.

HYDRO-CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1908,

Patented May 11, 1909.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

Snuanfoz Cir .Pr lrTEli l HARRY SHOEMAKER, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

HYDRO-CONDENSER.

No. 921,(114. Specification of Application filed July s, 1908.

Letters Patent. 1 Patented May 11, 1909.

Serial No. 441,871.

T 0 all wllom it may concern:

Be 1t known that l, l'lARRY SHOEMAKER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of -Jersey;City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydro Condensers, of which the'following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical condensers and more particularly to cond ensers for'use with high potential electric currents, such as used, for example, in wireless telegraph or wireless telephone transmitters, though, of course, useful in connection with low potential circuits. I

It is :the object of my invention to provide a condenser in which the breakage of the dielectric, due to heating and high potential strain-s, shall be reduced to a minimum. To this end, I employ conducting liquids or solutions as the armatures of the condenser and glass, preferably, being used for the dielectric, and taking, preferably, the form of a jar or tube. -It has been found heretofore in practicef especially in transmitters of electro-radiant 1 energy, that the coatings in whatever manner applied, were not uniformly applied and with resultant great breakage of the, glass or other dielectric. By using liquid armatures, the'contact with the dielectric is perfectly and absolutely uniform and continuous and, further, the liquid serves to keep the dielectriccool.

' My invention resides in other features for using a plurality of such condensers together to form a large condenser, and to features from which result compactness, security, and efliciency.

My invention resides in other features here inafter pointed out and claimed.

For an illustration of one of the forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an end view, partly in elevation and partly in vertical section, of my im- .roved condenser, a plurality of condensers oeing assembled to form a larger condenser. Fig. 2 is a view in elevation, showing means for supporting bus bars on the condenser t tank. Fig.3 is a top plan view of my improved condenser, a portion being shown in horizontal section.

Referring to the drawings, a wooden or other suitable base is surmounted by a wooden or other suitable top 2, upon which are secured or rest a plurality of vertical rods 3, of hard rubber or other highly insulating material, which is, in turn, surmounted by an insulating frame 4, of wood or other suitable material. Carried by the frame 4 is a tank 5 of galvanized iron, or other suitable material. \lithin the tank are a plurality of vertical rods 6 constituting supports for the upper brass grid 7, and a plurality of shorter brass supports 8 for the lower brass grid 9. A plurality of circular or other openings are formed opposite each other in the upperv and lower grids 7 and 9. Through such an opening in the upper grid and the opposed opening in the lower grid extends a metallic basket or container 10 of perforated sheet metal, metal gauze, or non-conducting material, or what not, which rests with its bottom upon the inside of the bottom of the tank 5, which has a flange 11 at its upper end turned horizontally and resting upon the top of the upper grid 7. Into this basket or container is placed a tube or jar 12, of glass or having a closed bottom 13. Suspended in the jar 12 is a tube or rod 14 of brass or other suitable conducting materiaLhung from a conductor 15 0f the fork conductor 16 of brass or other suitable conducting material. A single condenser unit has thus far been described, but a plurality of these units, similarly. constructed, are assembled as shown in the drawings. Each conductor fork 16 is shown to have, in this case, four conducting legs or limbs 15.

Upon a bracket 17, Fig. 2, secured to'the side of the tank 5 is secured a member 18, of wood or other suitable insulating material, carrying insulator posts 19, of hard rubber or other highly insulating material, and supported upon these insulators 19 are the bus bars 20 extending above the tank 5 and elec trically connected to each other, if desired or necessary, by the connectors 21. It is to the bus bars 20 that the conductor forks 16 are mechanically secured and electrically other suitable dielectric material, the same connected. Thus, all of the tubes or conducting members is Within the jars or tubes 12 are in electrical communication With each other. W n the parts have been so assembled, t ere is poured into each jar and around the outside of the jars Within the I tank 5, a suitable conducting liquid or solution, such as a solution of common salt, or of sodium bicarbonate, or, in fact, any suitable substance which Will conduct electricity. The nature of the solution will, so long as it is conducting, depend more on the nature of the metals or other conductors with which it comes into contact, it being preterable to use such solutions as Wlll be neutral or practically neutral respect to such metals or conductors so as prevent the r corrosion eating awe. en tne tank and jars have be or liquid to o ailords an intimate contact with the dielectrio or glass of the tubes or jars 12, so that there will be a minimum tendency to localize heating, thus minimizing breakage. Fur thermo're, the liquid serves to absorb the heat generated inthe dielectric or other parts, thus affording a cool running 'conenser suitable for high potentials, such as employed in Wireless telegraphy and the :1 like, and a condenser subject to a minimum to ticular container 10 may be lifted out, after the proper conductor fork to has'been removed-from its bus bar and the glass thrown out and the container replaced and a new jar or tube 12 supplied. The basket or container 10 serves also to conduct current to the liquid'im mediately in contact With the outside of the jar as does the tube or red 14 for the liquid Within. the j t hile the members 10 and 14 serve, to a degree, as the armatures of each condenser unit, nevertheless it islthe liquid armatures which are the most effective ones as is evidenced by the fact that when liquid is absent the electrical capacity of each condenser unit is far diilierent from What it is when the liquid is present.

The terminals of the assembled condensers are, of course, the bus bars 20 and the grids 7 or 9 or the tank 5.

net 1 claim is;

l. A multiple condenser comprising a tank, a plurality of condenser units contained said tank and comprising each a jar of dielectric material, conducting liquid breakage. In case of breakage of a tube ar 12, the basket or container 10 serves con-line the broken particles and the par-.

Within the jar forming a condenser armature, and conducting liquid contained in said tank and in contact With the outer sides of all said jars to form the second armatures thereof.

2. A multiple condenser comprising a tank, a grid therein, a plurality of condenser units supported by said grid, and conducting a common armature of all said condenser units.

3. A condenser comprising a fragile dielectric member, conducting liquid forming the armatures of said condenser, and a container immersed in the outer armature and surrounding said dielectric member.

4. A condenser comprising a receptacle containing a liquid, jar of dielectric mate rial surrounded by said liquid, liquid containedrzithin said to form the inner armature, and a perforated container surrounding said jar.

5. A mul ti le condenser comprising a tank, a plurality of condenser units contained therein, a mass of liquid in said tank forming the outer armatures of said condenser units, liquid forming the inner armatures of said condenser units, a conductor supported by and insulated from said tank, and electrical connections from said conductor to the inner liquid armatures of said condenser units. j

o. In a condenser, the combination with a receptacle, a grid therein, a container supported by said grid, a dielectric jar Within said container, and liquid Within and Without said jar to form condenser armatures.

7. in a multiple condenser, the combine- 1 tron with a tank, of a grid therein, a lurality of containers supported by said gri dielectric jars within said containers, liquid Within said jars to form armatures, and liquid in said tank forming common armature for all said jars.

In a multiple condenser, the combination with a tank, a pl rality of groups of con denser units contained therein, liquid contained in said tank and forming a common arniature for all of the units of all groups, an inner liquid armature for each unit, a bus bar for each group of units supported by and insulated from said tank, and connections from each bus bar to the inner armatures or" the units of each grou 7.

9. In a condenser, the combination with a receptacle, a dielectric jar therein, liquid in contact with the inside and outside of said jar to form condenser armatures, and a removing the pieces of the jar when broken.

19. in a condenser, the combination with a receptacle, of upper and lower grids, opposed openings in said grid to receive a conbasket surrounding said jar for confining and ing liquid contained in said tank and formtainer, adielectric jar within said container, jar to form inner condenser arinatures, and

and liquid within and without said jar to connectionsto the inner and outer armatures.

l'ornl condenser arn'iaturcs. In testimony whereof I have hereunto 11. In a multiple condenser, the combina- 5 affixed my signature in the presence of the tion with a tank, of upper and lower grids two subscribing witnesses.

disposed therein, a plurality of dielectric HARRY SHOEMAKER.

jars sup orted by said grids, liquid within Htnesses:

said tanii and in contact with all the jars to JAMES M. SAWYER,

form a common armature, liquid within each M. F. CARROLL.

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