US920165A - Engine. - Google Patents

Description

L. H. MARGIL.

ENGINE.

N APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15,1906. 920, 1 65, Patented May 4, 1909.

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ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.15,1906. 920, 1 65, Patented May 4, 1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOUIS H. MAROIL, 0E NEWTONVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES R DULAIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ENGINE Patented May 4, 1909.

Serial' No. 296,079.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, LoUIs H. MARCIL, a citizen of the United States, residing at New-- tonville, in the county of Middl'esex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Engines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specifica tion, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

My Invention relates to engines and particularly to improvements in trunkor guide pistons for internal combustion engines.

My nvention will be best understood and appreciated from the following description when considered in connectionwith the accompanying drawings illustrating one embodlment of my invention, while its sco e will be more particularly pointed out in the ap ended claims.

eferring to the drawings,Figure I is a longitudinal section of an internal combustion engine selected for illustration- Fig. 2, an enlarged plan of its iston; and, Fig 3', a vertical section thereo taken on line 33,

Fig. 2.

t being essential in gas engines to avoid such highde rees of temperature as would cause carbonization of the lubricating, oils and the grinding? resulting therefrom, the present invention aims to provide a piston to prevent heat being communicated from the explosion chamber or head of the piston, to those parts of the piston comprising or form- 1ng bearing surfaces .of said piston, or the clyh-nderin which it reciprocates. To add to t e efficiency of the piston, the structure of the guide 'ortrun-k pistonis such that lubricating oil is prevented from reaching the heated parts of the cylinder or piston where such carbonization would be possible.

Referring to Fig. 1, a truck or guide piston is shown in connection with an internal combustion engine, A, such as commonly used in automobiles, launches or the like, the cylim der, B, in which said piston reciprocates, be-

ing provided with the usual explosion cham been referred to, the ho d'y of the guide or trunk piston, 1, having the usual circumferential grooves, 2, to receive packing rings, has its end, 3, formed to present a recess or chamher, 4. A head or plate, 5, having a similar recess, 6, to oppose that in the body or trunk,

1s secured to the latter by any suitable'means here shown as bolts, 7. The recesses, 4 and 6, are filled with a heat-resisting or non-heat conducting substance, 8, as asbestos, to overlie the o posed faces, 9 and 10, of'sai'd body or trunli and said head, and a separating disk, 11, is interposed between them, the threaded ends of the bolts, 7, assingthrougll alined holes drilled in said disk, head, and through and clamped by nuts, 12, against the faces, 13', of lateral or radial recesses or chambers, 14, in said trunk, separated by partition Walls, 14. p

In running the engine, the head of the usual piston ecomes heated toa degree that produces carbonization of such oil as penetrates between the bearing faces of the cylinder and piston sufliciently to contact the hot surfaces of the head, 3', but by separating the head from the body of the piston, transmission of the heat from the hot head to the body of the piston is greatly reduced, ifnot entirely prevented. Moreover, by packing and compressing asbestos, or other heat-resisting medium, between the. head and the body, and by securing additional separation and compression by means of the separating or spacing disk, 11, the efficient action of the piston as a non-conductor of heat, is greatly improved, so that it is practically impossible for heat to be transmitted or conducted from the head of the piston to the greater bearing surfaces thereof. The com-pressed asbestos also provides a very efficient packing in addition to that secured by the packing rings. To still further prevent lubricating oil from penetrating or reaching the head where carbonization would be possible, I have provided the piston with structural means to positively interrupt and prevent surplus oil from coming in contact with said head; and by surplus oil is meant more than enough to efficiently lubricate the bearing surfaces.

It will, of course, be understood that when carbonization of the oil is effected, the carbonized particles resulting therefrom impair the running of the engine and tend to produce serious injury to its parts, from the socalled grinding that ensues. The structural means, just referred to for interrupting the flow of lubricating oil, is secured by pro- 'Viding the piston with an intermediate portion of less diameter than that of its ends, or by what amounts to the same thing, by providing the bearing surface of the piston with tial groove, 2

an inwardly v flaring circumferential and longitudinal recess or groove, 15, to collect and carry said oil during reciprocations of the piston. This recess is provided adjacent the heated end of the piston with radial recesses, 14, already referred to, which, at their inner ends, are provided with oil channels, 16, to enable the oil to run freely within the piston to lubricate the usual wrist pin, 17, and connecting rod, 18. The oil is thus prevented from penetrating or reaching the hot head of the piston, the oil being retained on or within those portions of the cylinder and iston which are maintained at a comparative y low temperature, whereby carbonization of the lubricating oil is prevented. The head, 5, is also shown as rovided with a circumferenor a packing ring, similar to those of the body of the piston.

I claim.

1. An engine piston comprising, in combination, a body portion; a two-part head portion having its parts se arated b heatresistant material; and a s ender nec member connecting the head and body portions which are separated from each other by an 0 en chamber around the neck member, w ereby the bod portion of the piston is separated from t e explosion chamber by both said heat-resistant material and said open chamber.

2. An engine piston comprising, in combination, a two-part head, each part having a eripheral bearing surface; a lurality of ayers of heat-resistant material separating the parts of said head and said bearing surfaces stiffening means between the layers of heat-resistant material and means to secure 3 An engine fiiston comprising, in combination, two axia y disposed parts, oppositely chambered internally to contain a thick body of heat-resistant material, each said part hav ing a peripheral bearing surface; and heatresistant material between said chambered parts and projecting laterally outward to supply acking interposed between said periphera bearing surfaces. 4. Angengine pistoncomprising, in combination, a head member having a peripheral bearing surface; a body member having a peripheral bearing surface, the piston being shaped toprovide an extensive lubricantcontaining chamber between said bearing surfaces and isolating them one fromthe other; and rovision nearer one bearing surface than t e other for conducting superfluous lubricant from said chamber.

5. An engine piston comprising, in combination, a head member having a peripheral bearing surface; a body member havin a peripheral bearing surface remote from that ca res said disk and each said part; and securing means for clamping said parts and disk in position to compress the heat-resistant material to form an efficient bearing surface and to prevent conduction of heat from one piston part to the other.

7. In an engine, the combination of a twopart piston; a packing ring sunk in the bear mg surface of each said part; a plurality of layers of heat-resistant material intermediate said piston parts; separating and strengthening means between said layers of heat-resistant material; and securing means to clamp together the piston parts and to compress. and com act the heat-resistant material to form pac g intermediate and additional to the sald packing rings.

8. The combination of an engine cylinder, with a mushroom piston ;a wrist in and connecting rod for the piston; the piston havinga reduced portion intermedlate its ends to su ply an extensive lubricant-receiving chamber; and provision for conducting lubricant from one endiof said chamber to said wrist pin;

9. An englne comprising, in combination,

'a twopart.piston-head having a part 3 provided with a recess 4, and apart 5 having an opposed recess 6; an intermediate separator dlsk 11 interposed between the piston-head parts; heat-resistant material 8 intermediate the disk 11 and said parts 3 and 5, respectively; and means for securing said elements together.

10. In an engine, a piston rovided with a peripheral or circumferentia recess, 15, and radially extending recesses, 14, communicating therewith, a wrist pin, 17 diametrically mounted in said piston and a connecting rod, 3, having a head recessed with said piston and pivotally connected with said wrist pin, said radially extending recesses, 14, having inwardly extending channels, 16, communicating with the recess in which said wrist pin and connecting rod head are mounted for supplying lubricant thereto.

11. An engine piston comprising, in combination, separate peripheral-y bearing surfaces,-one at the head end of the piston toward the explosion chamber, said bearing surfaces being separated by an extensive said chamber, whereby lubricant is dismeans 14" inter osed between the head porcharged from said chamber proximate the tion and reduce art of the body portion to hottest end of the piston. l reinforce the slen er neck member while pre- 15 12. An engine piston comprising, in coml serving a substantially open chamber around bination, a cylindrical head portion having a the same;

)eripheral bearing surface; a body portion In testimony whereof, I have signed my having a flared end remote from the head 5 name to this specification, in the presence of portion supplying a second peripheral beartwo subscribing witnesses.

ing surface and having a reduced cylindrical. LOUIS H. MARCIL. ;9 portion; a slender neck member connecting l Witnesses:

the cylindrical head portion and the reduced i CHAS. P. DoLAN,

part of the body portion; and stiffening I JOSEPH L. MAROIL.

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