US919902A - Kiln. - Google Patents

Description

F. MAGARTHY.

KILN.

APPLIOATION 11.21) AUG.19,1908.

Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

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KILN. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1908.

Patented Apr. 2'7, 1909.

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lwueutoz ms NORRIS PETERS cm, WASHINGTON, n. c.

r. MAGARTHY.

Y I mm. APILIGATION FILED AUG. 19, 1908- 919,902. Patented Apr. 27, 1909, 3 5HBETSBHEET 3- THE uumus PE/TERS co., WASHINGTON 0. cv

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED MAOAR THY, OF SAYREVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO SAYRE & FISHER COMPANY, OF SAYREVILLE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 27, 1909.

Application filed August 19, 1908. Serial No. 449,210.

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

* Beit known that I, FRED ll/IACARTHY, sub

I j'ectof the King of England, residing at Sayreville, in the county of Middlesex and a State of New Jersey, have invented new and bustion and distributing or directing the same to various taining the wares.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a kiln, of furnaces, advantageously arranged, relative to the other parts of the kiln, with a view of contributing to the strength and durability of the kiln as a whole parts of the chamber conand the facility and convenience with which the kiln may be operated.

Other objects and advantageous features of the invention will be fully understood from the following description and claim when the same are read in connection with the drawings, accompanying and forming part of this specification, in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation, showing one side of a kiln constructed in accordance with my invention. Fi 2 is a detail vertical section taken in the plane of one of the fiues which respectively extend between furnaces at opposite sides of the kiln.

Fig. 3 is a detail vertical section taken through two of the cold-air ducts comprised in my improvements. Fig. 4 is a detail section showing the openings in the floor of the kiln chamber and the dampers for controlling said openings. Fig. 5 is a broken view comprising a plurality of horizontal sections taken in the planes indicated by the lines 1-1, 22, 3-3, 4-4., 5 5,and 66, respectively, of Fig. 1.

Similar letters designate corresponding parts in all of the views of the drawings, reg

ferring to Which I A is a chamber of the kiln, in which are' placed the bricks or other wares to be burned or fired.

B B are the sides of the kiln, and O C are I-beams, and D D, T-irons, formin permanerit supports for the sides of the kin, while E E are timbers, forming temporary end supports during firing.

The elements 0, D and E are preferably em loyed, and I would have it understood that do not restrict myself to the use of the same.

The opposite sides B of the kiln are provided with openings F for observation purposes and for the introduction and manipuation of damper-moving irons (not shown), and through said sides extend cold-air ducts G G hereinafter referred to at length.

Extending under the floor a, of the chamber A are parallel flues H, at the ends of each of which are furnaces I. These furnaces are identical in construction and therefore a detailed description of the one shown in Fig. 2 and at the right of Fig. 1 will sufiice to impart a definite understanding of all. By reference to, the said figures, it will be seen that the furnace has an ash-pit b and a fire-space a between which are arranged inclined grate bars d, laid on transverse supporting bars e, and having hooks f at their upper and outer lends, engaged with the outer and u permost of the supporting bars c. It will a so be seen that the furnace has a transverse bar 9 disposed in its wall extensions h, and designed'to serve as a rest for slice bars, clinkering bars, leveling tools and the like, used during the firing of the kiln; and it will further be noted that the construction of the furnace is such that the ash-pit can be carried considerably below the adjacent pavin i, and that the spaces between the several ash-pits are filled up tothe paving level, thus contributing to the strength and durability of the kiln as a whole and obviating the necessity of using a depressed firing pit much lower than the floor a of chamber A.

It will be gathered from the foregoing that the useof the inclined grate bars extending upwardly to within a short distance of the top of the furnace arch, and the filling of the spaces between the furnaces, render the Structure strong and durable as the parts most affected by expanding brick-work, due to high temperature, are supported by the surroundings.

Openings J are provided in the side walls of the fines H, and openings K in the floor a of chamber A, and between the said openings J and K extend leaders or passages L, this in order to permit heat and products of combustion to ass freely from the fiues H to the chamber at different points throughout the area of the latter. The openings K are by reference to Figs. I and 5, each damper y is ada ted to be adjusted independently of the ot' ers through the medium of an iron introduced through one of the before mentioned openings F.

As best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the coldair ducts G and G are arranged one above the other, and pairs of said ducts are arrangedbetween the fines II; the lower and preferably longer duct G of each pair being connected, by lateral branch ducts with the openings J in the side walls of the fines H, and the upper and preferably shorter duct being connected by lateral branch duets with the leaders or passages L at points between the said openings J and the openings K in the chamber floor a.

In the practical use of my novel kiln, the

fires are lighted in the furnaces I in the ordinary manner, whereupon the products of combustion will be drawn from the furnaces to the openings J in the side walls of the fines II, from whence saidproducts will pass through the leaders L and openings K into the chamber A. Initially the dampers at are placed as dictated by the judgment of the-p arty having charge of the kilni. e., the openings K may be left entirely open or they may be partiallycovered or some may be left entirely open and others may be entirely closed. I have found by experiment, however, that it is best in starting the kiln to entirely close the openings K with the exception of the ones nearest the'side walls B for onethird of the distance across the width of the kiln on each side of the longitudinal median line of the kiln, thus leaving but onethird of the number of openings K uncovered for the passage of the products of combustion into the chamber A. I As the temperature in the kiln rises and the heat begins to Show itself in the eyes or arches formed by placing unburned bricks or other wares over the openings K, the dampers M are so regulated as'to force the heat to any part of the kiln within reach of the particular row or rows of openings K being dealt with. Then in the event of any particular part of the kiln tending to develop an unduly high temperature, dampers M are positioned to close certain of the openings K and the coldair ducts G G adjacent to said part are opened to admit cold-air to the flue II with which. they communicate. From this it follows that the person in charge of the kiln is enabled at all times to control the temperature in different parts of the chamber A and in that way prevent superheating or overfiring any of the wares in said chamber In addition to the practical advantages hereinbefore ascribed to my novel kiln it will be appreciated that the same does not embody any costly iron castings such as the door frames ordinarily used at the faces of the furnaces, and is otherwise simple and in expensive in construction.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Lettersdatent, is:

An updraft kiln comprising a chamber having sides B and a floor and, also having openings in its floor and said sides B, dampers arranged on the floor of the chamber and adapted to be moved by means introduced through the openings in the sides B, parallel flues extending horizontally directly below the floor of the chamber, conduits e);- tonding laterally outward from the sides of the flues and u .vardly and connecting the fines and the said openings inv the floor of the chamber, pavings arranged outside of and adjacent said sides B and in a plane below that of the chamber floor, furnaces arranged in alinement and direct communication with the ends of the fines and extending partly in side and partly outside said sides B; each of said furnaces including an outer ash-pit ex tending considerably below the paving and open at its upper side, an inner lire space, and an inclined grate arranged between said ash-pit and tire space and extending outside the said sides B, and fillings between the ashpits, extending up to the level of the pavings, and cold air ducts extending inwardly along side the furnaces and fines and having lateral branches communicating with the said conduits.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEO. I I'IENDRICKSON, C. II. CRENNING.

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