US9106A - Thomas j - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JULY 6 T'.- .T. SLOAN. THERMOS'EAI FOR REGULATING HEAT.

THOMAS J. SLOAN, OF NEW YORK,

THERMOSTAT FOR REG-ULATING- HEAT.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,106, dated July 6, 1852.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, Tr-roams J. SLOAN, of New York, N. Y., have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Thermostat for Regulating Heat in Its Various Applications in Domestic Economy and the Arts; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1, is a front elevation of the apparatus as applied to a damper or register for admitting heated air into an apartment; Fig. 2, is a vertical section through the spindle and clutches; and Fig. 3, a section representing some of the parts.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

The expansion of bodiessuch as metals and mercuryhas long since been applied to operate dampers, registers, ventilators and valves for the purpose of regulating heat, but heretofore with only partial success, for the reason that such instruments have not possessed the requisite sensitiveness. In most instances it is necessaryas in neglecting the temperature of an apartmentthat the instrument should be operated by a veryslight variation of temperature and as the expansion of metal rods or mercury, &c., has heretofore been employed directly to operate the dampers, &c., it has been found that it requires too great a range of temperature to afiect the instrument to answer a good practical purpose.

The object of my invention is to produce an instrument which shall have the requisite power to open dampers, registers, or valves of whatever magnitude and description and which at the same time shall be so sensitive as to be operated by a very slight change in the temperature, and to this end the nature of my invention consists in the application of the physical principle of the expansion and contraction of substances by varying degrees of heat, to regulate the action of a mechanism which operates a damper, register, ventilator or valve, which mechanism is operated by an independent motor to open or close the damper, &c., whereby the slighest variation in the temperature can be made to affect the instrument and thus render it practically eflicient as a means of regulating temperatures.

In the accompanying drawings a, represents a bevel wheel on a horizontal shaft to be operated by any desired motor, such as a spring or weight there being a train of wheels, somewhat like the movement of a clock, but not represented in the drawings, as the said bevel wheel can be operated by any desired means. This said wheel engages with, and communicates motion in opposite directions to two bevel wheels 6 b on hollow or sleeve shafts 0, 0, that turn on a stationary vertical spindle (Z. ()n the said spindle there are two sliding forked clutches e, 6, one at each end which slide freely on the said spindle and each provided with a collar embraced by an arm f, projecting from a vertical rod 9, that slides freely in two studs h, h. The spindle between the two bevel wheels is threadedas at 2', and to this is fitted a nut j, with arms 7c, 70, at each end, and a collar Z in the middle embraced by one end of a lever m, the other end of which is connected by a rod n, with the crank arm 0, of a damper or register 79.

The forks q, q, of the two clutches e, 6, pass through holes in the two bevel wheels and also through holes in disks r, r, on the hollow sleeve shafts of the bevel wheels, and the space between the ends of the two sets of forks is just a little greater than the length of the nut 7' so that when the clutches and the nut are in the right position, the two clutches and their corresponding bevel wheels will turn freely without turning the nut, but if the rod 9, be elevated the forks of the lower clutch will strike against the lower arms is, is, of the nut j, and turn it on the threaded part of the spindle, and thus cause it to rise and open the register, and when on the contrary the rod 9, is depressed, the forks of the upper clutch will act on the upper arms of the nut and cause it to descend and close the register. The rod 9, is held in place by a dog t, that takes into a series of notches s, in the side of the rod. The said dog is hung on a stud pin at u, and is held in the notches by the tension of a spring 1), and from this it will be seen that so long as the dog is held in place by the tension of its spring the rod and the two clutches will not be elevated or depressed. There is a lever w, that turns on a fulcrum pin at m, and having an arm running horizontally under a pin g, on the rod 9, and under a cam a, on the shaft of the wheel a.

out the dog, and after passing permits it tobe drawn in to catch and hold the rod at the point to which it may have been carried up or let down by the lever 10. The extent of vibration of the lever to, which regulates the action of the motive force on the damper, &c., is in turn regulated by the degree of heat to which a compound rod of metal is exposed.

The compound rod of metal f, is composed of two strips of metal, one brass and the other iron, soldered or otherwise put together from end to end so that they shall not slip 011 each other. This compound bar is attached by its lower end 0, to the frame work or plate of the instrument, and at the upper end the iron extends a little beyond the brass, and is there bent so that the end shall bear against a face or pallet d on an arbor 6 provided with an arm 7, that lies between two brackets g, 9', that gage the extent of its vibrations. The end of this arm carries a small toothed rack A, which is inclined so as to form a movable inclined plane or eccentric sector. As the temperature rises, the brass of the compound rod 7 expands more than the iron which will cause the upper end to move from the pallet and to permit the arm with its rack to descend; and when the temperature sinks, the compound rod will be deflected the other way and bear against the pallet and elevate the arm with its rack. The arm 2" of the lever 10, as it vibrates, strikes against the face of the rack 72., which gages the extent of its motion, and as the face of the rack is inclined, it follows that when it is depressed by the increasing temperature it reduces the range of motion of the lever 4,0, which permits the rod 9 and the clutches to descend to close the damper, and vice versa.

At j there is a temper or set screw which passes through a part of the framing and bears against the compound rod to set the instrument to any desired temperature.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that this method of regulating heat can be ap plied to a great variety of purposes, such as regulating the heating and ventilating of buildings, ovens, kilns &c., the regulating of the draft of furnaces, stoves and fireplaces, the draft of steam boiler furnaces by the temperature of the steam, and the escape of steam from boilers with the view ment of a clock, with a fly wheel instead of the escapement although it can be used for this purpose with the escapement.

I do not wish to confine myself to the use of compound. metal bars as the means of regulating theaction of the mechanism on the damper, etc, to regulate the opening and the closing thereof by the variation of temperature, as any of the known equivalents thereof may be substituted, such as the differential linear expansion of metal rods, or the linear expansion of one rod attached to a plate or frame made of some substance which will expand proportionally more or less, or the expansion and contraction of mercury or alcohol or other fluid. Allthese being the well known equivalents for the flexure of the compound metal rods above described. Nor do I wish to limit myself to the use of the mechanism above described for operating the damper &c. Nor to the special instrument above described for regulating the action of the mechanism on the damper, &c., as the metal rods or their equivalent are affected by the change of temperature for it will be obvious that these may be variously modified for the application of the principle of my invention, which consists as before stated in the application of the principle of expansion and contraction of substances by varying degrees of heat, to the regulation of the action of a mechanism, actuated by an independent motive force, to operate dampers, registers, ventilators, valves and all other equivalent devices, for regulating the admission or the emission of heated air orrregulating the erate a damper, register, valve, ventilator or other equivalent device, which mechanism is actuated or propelled by some independent motor, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

THOS. J. SLOAN.

Witnesses:

OARSTEN BROWN, E. G. ALLEN.

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