US906271A - Dough-kneader. - Google Patents

Description

W. PALMER & 1:". BLACKMORE. DOUGH KNEADBR. ArPLIoA'HoN FILED nov. s', 1907.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

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w. PALMER. s; P. E. BLAGKMORB. DOUGH KNEADEB.

APPLlCATION FILED NOV. 6, 1901.

906,271. Pat-,ema Dec.8,19o8.

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W. PALMER & P. E.- BLAGKMORE.

DOUGH v KNEADER.

LPPLIUATION I'ILBD Nov. e, 1907 Patented Deo. 8,1908.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

WALTER PALMER, OF LONDON, AND FRANCIS ERNEST BLACKMORE, .OF READING, ENG- LAND, ASSIGNORS TO IEIUNTLEY & PALMERS LIMITED, OF READING, ENGLAND.

DOUGH-KNE ADER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that we, WALTER PALMER,

baronet, a subject of the King of Great Britpost-office address is 50 GrosvenorSquare,

London aforesaid, and FRANCIS ERNEST BLAOKMORE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, of Hillsboro, Glebe Road, Reading,in the county of Berks, England, engineer, and whose post-ofiice address is Hillsboro, Glebe Road, Reading aforesaid, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dough-Kneaders, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide means whereby the working, or kneading, compressing, and amalgamating, of dough, or other plastic substances, is done in a very efficient and expeditious manner by simple apparatus without the use of what are known as brake rollers and without folding the dough, or the like, in layers over each other, as has hitherto been considered necessary in working, or kneading, compressing, and amalgamating some doughs, or the like, especially in preparing biscuit-making dough.

The apparatus according to this invention works, or kneads, compresses, and amalgamates, the dough, or the like, so that it is continuously fed, or carried, forward in a layer, or sheet, of the thickness and width necessary for the required purpose.

We will presume that the invention is to be applied to the working, or kneading, compressing, and amalgamating of dough, in biscuit-making, from which its application to analogous vpurposes will also be understood.

The ap aratus consists of a receptacle for the dough, the said receptacle being of a length correspondingto, or Ysufficient for, the width of the sheet, or layer, of dough required, the -sides vof this receptacle being movable and inclined -towards each other from the entrance, or near the entrance, to

the exit, or near the exit, and the said movable sides being preferably provided with transverse ribs, or the equivalent, which will engage `with the dough and positively force Vthe 'edges of the movable-sides bear, so that, j when the said movable -sides are `opera`ted,1

they will work, Vor knead, compress, aand samalganiaif/e, the dough'fand cause, or fallow, @ittofpass 'through'the receptacle tothe exit 'and 'therefrom onto fai'iy :suitable traveling table, orw'eb ,or into, or onto, other receiver, kor device, forthe subsequent Voperations of biscuit-making. The motion given to the aforesaid movable -sides of 4the receptacle lis preferablysuch that the said sides first move towards each *other with "a motion towards the-exit, so that *the said sides compress the Cloughl and move it towards the exit, the said rsides afterwards movingapart and in a direction away from the exit, sothat, when the next move inwards and towards the exit, they exercise their `compressive and yfeeding action upon the dough -at l'a vsucceeding portion thereof, "and thus 'continuously knead, compress, and -amalgamate, the dough and vfeedit towards, and `out'from, the exit. The plates'formingfthe ends ofthe receptacle are Vpreferably so shaped, or provided With-projections, or recesses, `that the ydough is retained in position and is prevented from adheringto the ysides as they move from the dough and away from the exit Apreparatory to acting upon asucceeding portion of the dough. These projections, recesses, or the like, are such as not to retard the movement of thedoughinth'e direction of the exit under the actlon ofthe movable side'plates. If necessary, on account -of the width ofthe sheet, or layer, Vof vdou h, there 'can be stationary surfaces, or rol ers, below the movable sides which will prevent the Vmid-portions of the layer, or sheet, of dough at the exit from adhering to, and being carried sidewise "by, 'the movable sides as they move outwards from the dough, but generally these will 'not Vbe necessary.

We will fnow describe, with reference yto the accompanying drawings, arrangements lof mechanism Vaccording to this invention, "but it is to be understood that we Vdo not limit ourselves to the yparticular construction of fthese arrangements.

iFigure 1 is a'vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of one arrangement, "and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections showing modifications as hereinafter described. Fig. 5 shows a pair of movable'side plates without ribs, or projections, thereon.y Fig. 6 illustrates an adjustable arrangement of the cranks which can beused.

Re'ferringirsttto Fig. 1i; in bearings 1- carlflO ried by upper members of a framing 2 are two crank-shafts 3 operated by any suitable motor and gear, such as the pinions 4 and toothed gearing wheels 5. The cranks of the said shafts are embraced by straps 6 at the backs of two opposite movable side plates 7 so that the cranks of one shaft operate one movable side plate, and the cranks of the other shaft operate the other movable side plate. The said movable side plates 7 converge towards each other from above downwards and, at the back of their lower parts, are eyes 8 connected by pins 9 and links 1() to pins 11 carried by pieces 12 adjustable, by screws 13, or otherwise, in slots 14 in the framework, so as to alter the distance between the lower parts of the said movable side plates 7. The said movable side plates 7 are provided with horizontal ribs, or ridges, 15, wave-like in section, as shown, so that the Said plates'7 will firmly grip the dough when the said plates approach each other and move downwards, and so that the said plates 7 will readily leave the dough when the plates recede from each other and move upwards out of contact with the dough to engage with higher of the corrugations'made in the dough by the precedingoperation. On each of the end plates 16 which close the space between the two. movable plates 7 and constitute a bearing surface for the said plates 7 as they move, is a rib 17, ruiming in the direction of the feed and serving to retain the dough in position when the movable side plates 7 leave it and prevent it being carried to either side by adherence to the side plates 7 when they move outwards and upwards. Thus the movable side plates 7 compress the dough and force it downwards and intermittently leave the dough and move outwards and upwards, and then they again move inwards and downwards so as to act upon a further portion of the dough and compress that and force it downwards, and so on while the machine is in operation.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is like that hereinbefore described (and corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference), but instead of the lower parts of the side plates 7 being connected by links to the adjustable pieces 12, the pins 11 of the said pieces carry rollers 18, against which the surfaces of projections 19 at the backs of the plates 7 bear. Thus the plates are pivoted at their lower edges in both constructions, either on the ins 9 in the one or on the rollers 18 in t e other, and the plates are rocked on these pivoting points by the shaft 3, while the rocking motion is supplemented by the movement, effected through the same means, in the direction of the feed and back again, as described.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 is like that shown in Fig. 3, except that the crank shafts are shown as being driven by right, and left, handed worms 24, gearing with the worm-wheels 5, and the movable side plates are shown as being provided each with only one rib, or projection, 15, constituting a shoulder. The bearings 1 for the crank shafts 3 are shown adjustable by the screws 25, the respective pairs of which may, if desired, be operated simultaneously by chains passing over sprockets 26 on the screws 25 to insure proper relative movement. The movable side plates may be both alike, or be provided with different ribs, projections, shoulders, or the like, or one, or both, of them may be plain.

Fig. 5 shows a pair of movable side plates which are plain, that is, which are without ribs, projections, or shoulders.

ln each arrangement 20 is a table over which passes an endless web 21 carried by rollers 22 and 23 mounted in bearings carried by the framework, the roller 23 being rotated by any suitable gear so that the web 21 carries the dough which has been operated upon away from the machine on its way to any required place for further manipulation.

ln the various arrangements the respective pairs of screws 13 for altering the distance between the lower parts of the movable side plates 7 may, if desired, be operated simultaneously by chains passing over sprockets 35 on the said screws 13 to insure proper relative movement.

Fig. 6 shows, partly in section, how the cranks may be arranged so that their throws can be adjusted to alter the amount of movement given to the movable side plates 7. The crank shaft 3 carries two eccentrics 27, connected by a sleeve 28, these being made in longitudinal halves secured together by screw bolts and nuts 29, for enabling them to be put in place on the crank shaft. The eccentrics 27 are made fast in the required osition on the crank shaft by collars 30, o' polygonal shape inside, and fitting over similarly shaped portions 3l on the crank shaft to prevent turning, each eccentric 27 being provided with a 'hxed pin 32, which fits into either of the holes 33 in the collars 30. The nuts 34 keep the whole in position. The arrangement is shown with the eccentrics 27 at their greatest throw. If the nuts 34 be released and the collars 30 slipped back and the eccentrics 27 be turned on the crank shaft and the pins 32 be engaged with another of the holes 33, the throw can be altered as desired.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:

1. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said plates a kneading movement and a positive l plates a kneading movement and a positive movement in the direction of the feed, substantially as described.

2. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, said plates being inclined so as to approach each other on one side, and means to give said plates a kneading movementJ and a positive movement in the direction of the feed whereby said substance is passed from between said plates at the side at which the latter approach each other, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, a crank shaft operatively connected to each of said plates and means to actuate the same to give a motion in the direction of the feed as well as a reciprocating movement toward and away from each other to said plates, substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the character described, stationary end pieces to confine the substance to be treated, interposed kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said plates a kneading and feeding movement, substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the character described, stationary end pieces to confine the substance to be treated provided with retaining` ribs, interposed kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said plates a kneading and feeding movement, substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, andmeans to move said plates toward each other and in the direction of the feed and then away from each other and in the opposite direction, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, said plates being inclined so as to approach each other on one side, means to adjust the distance between the plates at this side, and means to give said movement in the direction of the feed, substantially as described.

8. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, and means to give said plates a kneading movement and a positive movement in the direction of the feed, in combination with a moving endless band to receive the substance as it leaves the plates.

9. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates between which the substance to be treated passes, a crank shaft operatively connected to each of said plates and means to actuate the same to give a vertical motion aswell as a reciprocating movement toward and away from each other to said plates, in combination with cams for adjust ing the length of the strokes of the plates.

10. In a machine of the character described, kneading plates pivoted at one side and means for rocking said plates on their pivoting points toward and away from each other, and imparting thereto a positive movement in the direction of the feed, substantially as described.

l1. In a machine of the character described, pivoted kneading plates and means for simultaneously rocking said plates toward each other and moving them in the direction of the feed, and then away from each other and in the opposite direction, substantially as described.

12. In ,a machine of the character described, kneading plates and means for imparting thereto a kneading and feeding movement, and then returning the plates to their original position, in combination with means to )revent the substance to be treated by said plates from adhering thereto during their return movement.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this speciiication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WALTER PALMER. FRANCIS ERNEST BLACKMORE.

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