US906086A - Woodworking-shaper. - Google Patents

Description

` J. F. TRAGEY. wooDwoRKING SHAPER.

APPLIOATION FI'LED AUG. 17, 190.8. .altented Dec. 8

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1HE mms PETERS cpi, msm-wv, D. C,

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rm: NoRRIs marins co., .vAsmmnon n c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEREMIAH F. TRAOEY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THOMAS FITZGIBBON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WOOD W ORKING-SHAPER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

Application filed August 17, 1908. Serial No. 448,798.

T o all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, JnREMrAi-I F. Taf-icm', a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulV Improvements in Toodworking-Shapers; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in wood-working shapers. i

The primary object of this invention is to provide in a wood-working shaper an improved cutter-head, which together with the end supports or bearings thereof, are so constructed that the cutters are properly held in place regardless of any slight inequality or non-uniformity in the width of the cutters, and regardless of any slight unevenness or irregularities in theedges of the cutters.

A further object is to avoid any destructive or injurious strain or stresses on the cutter-head spindle.

A still further object is to provide a cutter-head, the component parts of which can be readily assembled and are not liable to get out of order when assembled.

iVith these objects in view, and to the end of realizing any other advantages hereinafter appearing, this invention consists in certain features of. construction, and combinations and arrangements of parts, hereinafter described, pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 shows a side view of the vertical spindle of a woodworking shaper equipped with my invention, and illustrates the cutter-head and a bed-plate in central vertical section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section along` the line 2 2, Fig. 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Figs. 3 and l are a top plan and .bottom plan, respectively, of one of the end bearings for the cutter-head. Fig. 5 is a transverse section along the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 6 is a vertical section along the line 66 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate a top plan and bottom plan, respectively, of an internal bearing-collar forming a part of one of the cutter-head sections.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 ofthe drawings, 10 indicates a bed-plate of a woodworking shaper. The bed-plate 10 is provided with an aperture 11, centrally of which is arranged a vertical spindle 12 which is provided above the bed-plate with my improved cutter-head.

The spindle 12 is provided with a bearing` seat or abutment 13 which, in the present instance, is fixed relative to the spindle and isv formed by a shoulder or enlargement thereof, the said shoulder extending circumferentially of the spindle and, as here shown, having a flat upper face. The spindle extends upwardly a suitable distance above the seat 13 and has a threaded upper end which receives a nut 14, which forms a secondv bearing seat or abutment, and by means of which the component parts of the cutter-head are clamped together and held in position. In the present case the cutterhead, which is shown at 15, Fig. 1, is not clamped directly between the bearing seats 13 and 14., but is supported by, and clamped between, two bearing members 16 and 17, which are in the form of sleeves or collars surrounding the spindle, and which in turn bear against the seats 13 and 1-1.

The cutter-head 15 is composed of two cutter-head sections, designated respectively 18 and 19, and between these cutter-head sections are securely held two cutter-blades 2O and 21, which will be referred to later. iVith the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1 the bearing sleeves 16 and 17 engage the seats 13 and 14, respectively, and the cutter-head section 18 is the lowermost section and engages theadjacent end of bearing sleeve 16, and the cutter-head section 19 is the uppermost section and engages the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve 17. It is to be understood, however, that the position of the cutter-head together with the bearing sleeves may be reversed with respect to the position shown in Fig. 1.

In order that thebearing sleeve 16 may turn or rock slightly with respect to the corresponding seat or abutment 13 the opposing faces ofvone of said parts is provided with a projecting bearing portion on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, and to this end the face of the bearing sleeve 16 adjacent the seat or abutment 13 is tapered or inclined in opposite directions from the center line thereof, forming two bearing edges 22 and 23 on opposite sides respectively of and on a line with the center of the spindle. To permit a movement of the bearing sleeve 16 upon the bearing edges 22 and 23, the internal bore of the bearing sleeve 16 is tapered or flared outwardly from the end adjacent the bearing edges, as indicated at 24.

In order that the cutter-head section 18 and the bearing sleeve 16 which engages the former may have a relative rocking movement, one of their opposing faces is also provided with bearing projections, and, in this case, the end of the sleeve 16 adjacent the said cutter-head section 18 is tapered in opposite directions from the center line, forming two bearing edges 25 and 26 against which the cutter-head section 18 bears, said bearing edges being in line on opposite sides respectively of the spindle but at right angles to the bearing edges 22 and 23 at the opposite end of the sleeve 16. It will be seen from this construction that the cutter-head section 18 can rock slightly with respect to the sleeve 16 and that the latter can in a similar manner rock on the edges 22 and Q3 in a direction at right angles to the direction in which the cutter-head section can rock.

In the present case, the cutter-head section 18 will rock about a point in the vertical axis of the spindle between the upper and lower faces of the section 18, the diameter of the bore or passageway opposite this point being substantiallyv the same as the diameter of the spindle, and tapering outwardly and upwardly as shown at 27, and outwardly and downwardly as shown at 28. For a reason to be explained later, the outer surface or edge of the cutter-head section 18 intermediate the upper and lower parallel faces of the same is spherical, the center of the sphere of which this surface is a part coinciding with the point or center about which the cutter-section 18 will turn or rock.

The cutter-head section 18 is provided, on the side opposite to the side which engages the sleeve 16, with two parallel slots or recesses 29 and 30 which extend entirely across the face of the cutter-head section, as shown in Fig. 2, and which are arranged at opposite sides of and equidistantly from the spindle 12. The inner side walls of the recesses 29 and 30 are vertical and the outer side walls of the said recesses slope or are inclined outwardly away from the spindle, forming suitable bearings for the correspondingly beveled lower edges of the cutters 20 and 21. The cutters are therefore parallel and are arranged at opposite sides respectively of and equidistantly from the spindle, the cutting edges of the cutters extending outwardly beyond the cutter-head section 18 and also beyond the cutter-head section 19, the construction of which is to be described presently.

The cutter-head section 19 is composed of several parts, the main and larger of which is a cup-shaped member 31 which as here shown is annular and surrounds the spindle and being provided internally with a chamber 32 and with a surrounding flange 33 which forms the surrounding wall of the said chamber. rlhis member 31 is provided on the side toward the cutter-head section 18 with two parallel slots 34 and which extend entirely across the member 31 and which are arranged on opposite sides respectively of and equidistantly from the spindle. Each of these slots, as is shown very clearly in Fig. 6, is provided with a centrally enlarged portion 36, the upper wall of which is curved or rounded and at the center is provided with an opening 37 communicating with the chamber 32. The ends 38 and 39 of each of the slots 34 and 35 beyond its curved or rounded central portion are of less depth than the said central portion and in this instance have a slight taper, the tapered portions extending outwardly to the outer surface of the member 31. Arranged in these parallel slots 34 and 35 are cutterbloclrs 40 which, as will appear, bear against the adjacent edges of the cutters, said cutterblocks conforming somewhat to the shape of the slots in which they are located but being slightly smaller than -the latter so thatsaid blocks may have independent rocking movements, for a purpose to be described. Each of the cutter-blocks is provided at its center with a lug or projection 41 which projects through the opening 37 at the center of the corresponding slot, the outer end 42 of the lug or projection being conical or tapering to a point. Each cutter-bloclr'is also provided on its outer side with a cavity 43, shown most clearly in Fig. 1, which cavity receives the end of a screw or pin 44 passing through the wall of the member 31. The screws or pins 44 serve to retain the cutter-blocks in the engaging slots.

The upper edges of the cutters extend a short dist-ance into the slots 34 and 35 of the member 31 and bear against the cutterblocks 40, the adjacent faces of the cutters and cutter-blocks, as shown in Fig. 1, being beveled. In the preferred construction, the cutters do not bear against the cutter-blocks for their entire length, but, as shown in Fig. 6, engage the cutter-blocks at the centers thereof where the cutter-blocks are provided respectively with a bearing projection and also engage the cutter-blocks near their ends. Each cutter-block (see Fig. 6) is provided on each side of its central bearing projection with a tapered recess 46 extending to the end of the block, the angle of the taper being substantially equal to the angle of the tapered ends 88 and 39 of the recess 36 in which the block is located. The purpose of the tapered recesses 46 will be explained later.

Located in the chamber 32 of the member 31 and surrounding the spindle 12 is a bearing collar 47 which engages at one end the bearing sleeve 17 and atthe opposite end the conical ends of the projections 41 on the cutter-blocks 40, and thereby transmits the pressure of the clamping nut 14 on the end of the spindle to the cutter-blocks and to the cutters. This collar 47 is provided at its inner end with two cavities 48 which are located at opposite sides respectively of the spindle and receive the conical ends of the projections of the cutter-blocks. The outer end of the collar 47 which engages the ad jacent end of the bearing sleeve 17, is tapered in opposite directions from a center line, forming two bearing edges 49 and 50 which engage the face of the bearing sleeve. These two bearing edges 49 and 50. are in a line which is parallel to the line of the bearing edges 25 and 26 upon which the cutterhead section 18 bears and are in the same vertical plane with said bearing edges Q5 and 9.6. To permit the collar 47 to rock slightly about the bearing edges 49 and 50 the bore or passageway of the collar is flared or tapered outwardly away from the end having said bearing edges, as is shown at 51.

The collar 47 is provided with a shoulder 52, forming a reduced portion which extends outwardly from the chamber 32, and a cap 53, which secured byy screws 54 to the annular flange 33 of the member 81, is provided with an inwardly extending flange 55 which overlaps the shoulder 52 on the collar and the inner edge of which is adjacent to the reduced portion of the latter, there being suiiicient space however between this inwardly extending flange and the reduced portion of the collar to accommodate any necessary rocking movement of the collar which may take place when the parts are clamped in place by tightening the nut 14.

lt will be seeny from the construction of the cutter-head section 19 just described that the cutter-blocks engaging the two cutters, respectively, may have independent movements and will readily adjust themselves to accommodate any slight irregularities in the edges of the cutters, and at the same time the collar 47 which engages the conical ends of the cutter-blocks and bearing sleeve 17 may assume a position to accommodate cutters of slightly diiierent widths.

ln using the wood-working shaper, the piece or section of wood is shifted over the face of the bedplate and pressed against the outer spherical edge of the cutter-head sec-A tion 18, into engagement with kthe ends of the cutters. It was previously stated that the outer surface of this cutter-head section is a portion of the surface of a sphere the center of which is the point about which the cutter-head section 18 turns when shifted from its normal position at right angles to the spindle to accommodate cutters of different widths. It will be seen with this construction that when the cutter-head secl tion 18 is shifted from its normal position and when the piece or section of wood is pressed against the same during the cut-ting or shaping operation, the wood can be moved in a straight line instead of being moved back and forth by the gyratory action of the cutter-head section, as would take place if the center of the spherical surface were other than the point about which the cutter-head section turns or rocks.

The purpose of the slightly tapered recesses 46 in the faces of the cutter-blocks adjacent the edges of the cutters is to enable the use of short cutters. Thus for example, a cutter may be employed which does not extend inwardly from the cutting edge to the bearing projection 45, and in that case the cutter will rest in the tapered recess in the cutter-block and the adjacent outer end of the block will be shifted into the recess until it engages the adjacent tapered face of the portion 88 or 39 of the slot in which 9 the bloclis located. The surface of the cutter-block against which the cutter bears will then be substantially parallel to the edge of the cutter.

It will be seen from the construction described above that in case two cutters are employed having slightly different widths, said cutters can be readily clamped into position, since the cutter-head section 18 is capable of a slight rocking movement and at the same time the collar 47 may turn slightly on the bearing edges 49 and 50. In case the edges of one or both of the cutters are not parallel or are otherwise irregular in shape, one or both of the cutter-blocks will readily shift about its bearing point to accommodate such irregularity, and at the same time the bearing sleeve 16 may turn slightly upon the bearing edges 22 and Q3 so that said cutters will nevertheless be securely and firmly clamped in position without causing the spindle to be subjected to injurious or undesirable stresses or strains of any character. y

I do not desire to be confined to the exact details shown but aim in my claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of my 'in-- vention.

lVhat claim is 1. In a wood-working shaper, a spindle. a cutter-head on said spindle, and end bearing members for said cutter-head, one of the opposing faces of one end of the cutter-head and of the adjacent bearing member having projecting portions on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, said projecting portions forming bearings engaged by the other of said opposing faces.

2. In a wood-working shaper, a spindle carrying a cutter-head and bearing members at opposite ends of the cutter-head, one of the opposing faces of a bearing member and of the adjacent end of the cutter-head being tapered in. opposite directions, forming on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof bearing edges upon which the other of said opposing faces bears.

In a wood-working shaper, a spindle having a cutter-head, and bearing members at the ends of the cutter-head and between which the cutter-head is clamped, the end of one of said bearing members being tapered in opposite directions from the center, forming two bearing edges located respectively on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, said cutter-head engaging said bearing edges and being capable of a slight rocking movement upon the same.

e. In a wood-working shaper, a vertical spindle having a seat or an abutment, a cutter-head on said spindle, and a bearing member intermediate said seat or abutment and the cutter-head, one of the opposing faces of the seat or abutment and of the bearing member having, on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, bearing projections which engage the other of said opposing faces and about which said bearing member may turn or rock.

In a wood-working shaper, a spindle, said spindle having a seat or abutment, a cutter-head carried by said spindle, a bearing member intermediate said cutter-head and said seat or abutment, one of the opposing faces of the latter and of the bearing member being tapered in opposite directions from the center thereof, forming on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof two bearing edges which engage the other of said opposing faces and about which the bearing member may turn or rock, and means for clamping the cutterhead and said bearing member against said seat or abutment.

(5. In a wood-working shaper, a vertical spindle having a seat or abutment` a cutter-head carried by said spindle, a bearing member intermediate said cutter-head and seat or abutment, the end of the bearing member adjacent said seat or abutment being tapered in opposite directions from the center thereof, forming on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof' two bearing edges which engage the end of said seat or abutment, cutter blades carried by said'cutter-head, and means for clamping the cutter-head and bearing member upon said seat or abutment.

and means for clamping said cutter-head scctions and end bearing members together.

8. In a wood-working shaper, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head on the same, said cutter-head consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, cutters carried between said cutter-head sections, and bearing members at the ends of the cutter-head sections, one of the opposing faces of each cutter-head section and of the adjacent bearing member being tapered in opposite directions from the center forming on opposite sides of t-he spindle, respectively, and in line with the center thereof two bearing edges which are engaged by the other of said opposing faces, said bea-ring members, cutter-head sections, and cutters being tightly clamped together.

9. In a wood-working Shaper, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head on said spindle, said cutter-head consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, an end bearing member for each cutter-head section, one of said end bearing members having, on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, two bearing edges against which the corresponding cutter-head section bears and upon which said section may have a slight rocking movement, and cutters clamped intermediate said cutter-head sections. l0. In a wood-working shaper, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head carried thereby, said cutter-head consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, an end bearing mem- -ber for each cutter-head section, cutters arranged to be clamped between said cutterhead sections, one of the cutter-head sections having on its face, adjacent the corresponding end bearing member, two bearing edges on opposite sides respectively of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, said bearing edges engaging the end bearing member and permitting said cutter-head section to have a slight rocking movement about the same.

1l. In a wood-working Shaper, a vertical spindle having a fixed seat or abutment and extending a suitable dist-ance above said abutment, a clamping nut on the end of said spindle, a cutter-head consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, an end bearing member between one of said cutter-head sections and said abutment, a second end bearing member intermediate the other cutter-head section and said nut, one of said end bearing members having on opposite sides of the spindle two projecting portions against which the adjacent cutter-head section bears, and the other cutter-head section having on opposite sides of the spindle and in the same plane with the first-mentioned projecting portions two similar projecting portions on opposite sides respectively of the spindle and engaged by the corresponding end bearing member, each of the cutter-head sections being capable of a slight rocking movement on the corresponding bearings, and cutter-blades clamped between said cutter-head sections.

1Q. In a wood-working shaper, an upright spindle, a cutter-head borne by the spindle and comprising two sections extending circumferentially of the spindle; cutters held between the said sections; an end bearing member for each cutter-head section, one of the opposing faces of each cutter-head section and of the adjacent end of the bearing member having, on opposit-e sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, bearing projections which are engaged by the other of the said opposing faces, and means for holding said cutter-head sections, cutters and end bearing members together.

1 3. in a wood-working sha-per, an upright spindle; a cutter-head borne by the spindle and comprising two sections extending circumferentially of the spindle; an end bearing member for each cutter-head section, one of said end bearing members having, on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof, two bearings for the adjacent cutter-head section to afford a slight rocking movement to the last-mentioned cutter-head section, and cutters held intermediate said cutter-head sections.

14. ln a wood-working Shaper, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head carried by said spindlc and consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, one of said sections comprising a member having a pair of slots extending transversely of the same, a cutterblock located in each of said slots and having a projection or lug provided with a conical end, a second member surrounding the spindle and engaged by the conical ends of the projections or lugs of, said cutter-blocks, and cutter blades clamped between the cutter-blocks of the one cutter-head-section and the opposite cutter-head-section.

l5. 'In a wood-working Shaper, in combination, a spindle, a cutter-head carried thereby and consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, one of said sections comprising two members adjacent each other, one of said members having two parallel slots located on opposite sides respectively of the spindle and equidistantly therefrom, cutter-blocks arranged in said slots and provided each with a centrally located lug or projection which extends through the wall of said member and engages one end of the other of said members, an end bearing member engaging the oppositeend of said lastmentioned member, and cutters clamped between the one cutter-head section and the cutter-blocks of the Lother cutter-head section.

16. In a wood-working shaper, in combination, a spindle, a cutter-head carried thereby and consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, one of said cutter-head sections comprising a member which surrounds the spindle andiis provided at one end with two parallel slots located on opposite sides respectively of the spindleand equidistantly` therefrom and has an internal chamber at the opposite end; a collar surrounding the spindle and located in said chamber, `cutterblocks located in said slots and adapted to have independent movement therein, each block having intermediate its ends a projection provided with a tapered end which extends into said chamber and into engagement with the collar; end bearing or supporting members engaging said collar of the one cutteii-headsect1on and the other cutterhead section, respectively, f and cutters clamped between the last-mentioned cutterhead section and the cutter-blocks of `the other cutter-head section.

17. In a wood-working shaper, in combination, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head carried thereby and consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, one of said sections comprising a member which surrounds the spindle and is provided at one end with two parallel slots located 'on opposite sides respectively of and equidistantly from the spindle, said slotted member having an internal chamber at its opposite end; a collar surrounding the spindle and located in said chamber; a pair of independently movable cutter-blocks loosely mounted in said slots and each having a lug or projection intermediate its ends, said lug or projection having a conical end which projects into the said chamber and engages the adjacent end of said collar; an end bearing or supporting member engaging the opposite end of said collar; the other cutter-head section having cutter-receiving parallel slots or recesses arranged at opposite sides respectively of and eqnidistantly from the spindle; an end bearing or supporting member for last-mentioned cutter-head section, cutters extending into the slots or recesses of said last-mentioned cutter-head section and engaging the cutter-blocks of the other cutter-head section, and means for clamping togethersaid end bearing or supporting members, cutterhead sections, and cutters.

1S. In a wood-working Shaper, in combination, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head supported thereon and consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, one section consisting of a member' provided with a pair of parallel cutter-receiving slots arranged at opposite sides respectively of and equidistantly from the spindle; an end bearing or supporting member engaging the said member; the other cutter-head section comprising a member having at one end a pair of parallel slots arranged at opposite sides respectively of and equidistantly from the spindle; a collar surrounding the shaft and arranged adjacent the opposite end of the said member; a pair of independently movable cutter-blocks located in said last-mentioned slots; means for retaining said blocks in said slots; one of said blocks having intermediate its ends a lug or projection provided with a conical end which forms the bearing vfor the adjacent end of said collar; an end bearing or supporting member engaging the opposite end of said collar; one of the opposing faces of the first-mentioned cutterliead section and of the adjacent end bearing or supporting member, and one of the opposing faces of said collar and of the adjacent end bearing or supporting` member being tapered in opposite directions from the center to form bearing edges on opposite sides of and in line with the center of the spindle, the two bearing edges for the one cutter-head section and the two Abearing edges for the collar of the other cutter-head section being in the same plane, and cut-ters extending` into the slots of the two cutter-head sections and engaging the independently movable cutterblocks of the one cutter-head section.

19. In a wood-working Shaper, in combination, an upright spindle; a. cutter-head comprising two sections extending circumferentially ofthe spindle; an end bearing or supporting member for each cutter-head section, and cutters held between said cutterhead sections, one of said cutter-head sections engaging the adjacent end bearing or supporting member on opposite sides of the spindle and in line with the center thereof and being capable of a slight rocking movement, the outer surface or edge of said cutter-head section being a portion of the surface of a sphere the center of which is in line with the axis of the spindle between the upper and lower surfaces of said cutter-head section.

20. In a wood-working shaper, in combination, a vertical spindle, a cutter-head consisting of two sections surrounding the spindle, an end bearing or supporting member for each section, cutters clamped between said sections, one of said cutter-head sections engaging the corresponding end bearing and supporting member on opposite sides of the spindlei and in line with the center thereof and being capable of a slight rocking increment, the outer surface or edge of said cutter-head section being a portion of the surface of a sphere the center of which is in line with the axis of the spindle between the upper and lower faces of said cutter-head section.

In testimony whereof,l sign the foregoing specification, in the presence of two witnesses.

JEREMIAH F. TRACEY.

litnesses C. H. Donna, VICTOR C. LYNCH.

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